Nuclear power in Russia

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In 2005, a nuclear energy supply in Russia counted 137 billion kWh, which is 16% of total output. The total installed capacity of nuclear reactors is 21,244MW.

The Russian energy strategy of 2003 sets policy priority to reduce the use of natural gas for electricity and to double the nuclear output by 2020. In 2006 the Federal Atomic Energy Agency (Rosatom) announced a target of nuclear providing 23% of electricity by 2020 and 25% by 2030.[1]

Russia has made plans to increase the number of reactors in operation from thirty one to fifty nine, financed with the help of loans from the European Union. Old reactors will be maintained and upgraded, including RBMK units similar to the reactor in Chernobyl. China and Russia have agreed on a cooperation in the construction of nuclear stations in October 2005.

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Putin promises to continue energy production increases

According to the government order from 2001, all Russian civil reactors are operated by Rosenergoatom. On 19 January 2007 Russian Parliament adopted the law "On the peculiarities of the management and disposition of the property and shares of organizations using nuclear energy and on relevant changes to some legislative acts of the Russian Federation", which created Atomenergoprom - a holding company for all Russian civil nuclear industry, including Rosenergoatom, the nuclear fuel producer and supplier TVEL, the uranium trader Tekhsnabexport (Tenex) and the nuclear facilities constructor Atomstroyexport.

Through membership in the ITER project, Russia is participating in the design of fusion reactors.

1 Nuclear power reactors
2 See also
3 References
4 External links

[edit] Nuclear power reactors

Main article: List of nuclear power plants of Europe and CIS#Russia

[edit] Nuclear power reactors in operation

Bilibino

Rostov

Smolensk

Obninsk

Nuclear power plants in Russia (view)

Active plants

Closed plants

Many of the current reactors in operation are of the RBMK 1000 type, simlar to the one at Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant. Some of these RBMK reactors were due to be shutdown, but instead, they were kept in operation and uprated, by about 5%. Also new safety systems were added after Chernobyl incident.

Name	Location	Type	Capacity, MWe	Operational	Notes
Obninskaya	Obninsk	AM-1	5	1954–2002	world first nuclear power plant
Sibirskaya	Seversk	EI-2	100	1958–1990
		ADE-3		1961–1992
		ADE-4		1963–2008
		ADE-5		1965–2008
Beloyarskaya	Zarechny	AMB-100	100	1964–1981
		AMB-200	200	1967–1989
		BN-600	600	1980–
		BN-800	800	under construction
Novovoronezhskaya	Novovoronezh	VVER	210	1964–1984
		VVER	365	1969–1990
		VVER	417	1971–
		VVER	417	1972–
		VVER	1000	1980–
Dimitrovgradskaya	Dimitrovgrad	BOR-60	12	1968–
Leningradskaya	Sosnovy Bor	RBMK	1000	1973–
		RBMK	1000	1975–
		RBMK	1000	1979–
		RBMK	1000	1981–
Kolskaya	Polyarnye Zori	VVER	440	1973–
		VVER	440	1974–
		VVER	440	1981–
		VVER	440	1984–
Bilibibskaya	Bilibino	EPG	12	1974–	combined heat and power production
		EGP	12	1974–
		EGP	12	1975–
		EGP	12	1976–
Kurskaya	Kurchatov	RBMK	1000	1976–
		RBMK	1000	1979–
		RBMK	1000	1983–
		RBMK	1000	1985–
Smolenskaya	Desnogorsk	RBMK	1000	1982–
		RBMK	1000	1985–
		RBMK	1000	1990–
Kalininskaya	Udomlya	VVER	1000	1984–
		VVER	1000	1986–
		VVER	1000	2004–
		VVER	1000	under construction
Balakovskaya	Balakovo	VVER	1000	1985–
		VVER	1000	1987–
		VVER	1000	1988–
		VVER	1000	1993–
Volgodonskaya	Volgodonsk	VVER	1000	2001–
		VVER	1000	under construction

[edit] Nuclear power reactors under construction

Reactor	Type V=PWR	MWe net, each	Will be commercially operational
Volgodonsk-2	V-320	950	2009
Kalinin 4	V-320	950	2011
Beloyarsk-4	FBR (BN-800)	750	2012
Total: 3		2650 MWe

[edit] Proposed new reactors

Reactor	Type V=PWR	MWe net, each	Start-up
Replacement capacity
Leningrad NPP-2 1&2	VVER-1160	1100/1200	2012, 2013
Novovoronezh NPP-2 1&2	VVER-1200	950	2016
Kursk NPP-2 1&2	PWR	1200	2016, 2019
Balakovo 5 & 6	PWR	950	?
New capacity
Kaliningrad region^[1]	2x AES-92?	1150
Kursk 6	PWR 950?	?
Bashkira 1	PWR	950	2012
North-west 1	VK 300		2011
Smolensk 4	PWR	950	2012
North-west 2	VK	300	2013
Kola 2	?	440-640	2013
Bashkira 2	PWR	950	2014
Volgodonsk 3	PWR	950	2015
Volgodonsk 4	PWR	950	2017
Tatar 1	PWR	950	2016
Smolensk NPP-2 1&2	PWR	950	2017, 2019
Tatar 2	PWR	950	2018
South Ural 1, 2	PWR	950	2016, 2019
Novovoronezh 7	PWR	950	2016
Bashkir 3&4	PWR	1500	2018, 2020
Leningrad NPP-2, 3-6	PWR	1500	to 2021
Tatar 3	PWR	1500	2020
Beloyarsk 5	BREST	300	2020