Image:Nuchem Mordechai Chortkov.jpg

Please use instead:

• {{PD-RU-exempt}} - for state emblems, flags, armorial bearings, decorations, monetary signs and other official symbols and signs of the Russian Federation and USSR
• {{PD-old-70}} - for cases where the author died more than 70 years ago
• {{PD-Russia-2008}} - for works which were in the public domain before January 1, 2008 in Russia and are still in the public domain after this date
• {{PD-RusEmpire}} - for works published in the territory of the Russian Empire prior to November 7, 1917.
• {{PD-US-1923-abroad}} - when none of the above apply, but the work was published outside the U.S. prior to 1923
• {{PD-US-1996}} - when the work was published outside the U.S. between 1923 and 1977, and was in the public domain in the home country on January 1, 1996
• If none of the above apply or can be determined, the work may still be usable under the non-free content policy. Use an appropriate non-free license template and include a non-free use rationale.