Novirhabdovirus
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Hirame rhabdovirus |
Norhabdovirus is one of two genera of rhabdoviruses, along with Vesiculovirus, known to infect aquatic hosts. They can be transmitted from fish to fish, by waterborne virus, as well as through contaminated eggs. Replication and thermal inactivation temperatures are generally lower than for other rhabdoviruses, given the cold-blooded nature of their hosts. Hosts include a large and growing range of marine and freshwater fish.[1][2]
A common characteristic among novirhabdoviruses is the NV gene, an approximately 500 nucleotide long gene located between the glycoprotein (G) and polymerase (L) genes. The expected protein encoded by the NV gene is not found in the virions, leading to its being named a "nonvirion" (NV) protein. This is the origin of the genus name Novirhabdovirus.[3]
The four recognized species of the genus are Hirame rhabdovirus, currently isolated to Japan, Infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV), enozootic to North America but now present in Europe and Asia as well, Viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV), enzootic to Europe but now present in North America and Asia as well, and Snakehead rhabdovirus (SHRV).[4] Two tentative species of the genus, identified the Seventh Report of the ICTV, are Eel virus B12 (EEV-B12), and Eel virus C26 (EEV-C26).
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[edit] References
- M.H.V. van Regenmortel, C.M. Fauquet, D.H.L. Bishop, E.B. Carstens, M.K. Estes, S.M. Lemon, J. Maniloff, M.A. Mayo, D.J. McGeoch, C.R. Pringle, R.B. Genus Novirhabdovirus. Seventh Report of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. Academic Press. 2000. Retrieved on 2007-07-15.
- ICTVdB Virus Description: 01.062.0.06. Novirhabdovirus. ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 3. Retrieved on 2007-07-15.
- ^ Mortensen, H.F., O.F. Heuer, N. Lorenzen, L. Otte, and N.J. Olesen. Isolation of viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus (VHSV) from wild marine fish species in the Baltic Sea, Kattegat, Skagerrak and the North Sea. Danish Veterinary Laboratory, Department of Poultry, Fish and Fur Animals. Retrieved on 2007-07-15.
- ^ Whelan, Gary E. Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia (VHS) Briefing Paper Michigan Department of Natural Resources. Retrieved on 2007-07-15.
- ^ Johnson, Marc C., Benjamin E. Simon, Carol H. Kim, and Jo-Ann C. Leong. Production of Recombinant Snakehead Rhabdovirus: the NV Protein Is Not Required for Viral Replicationdagger. Journal of Virology, March 2000, p. 2343-2350, Vol. 74, No. 5. Retrieved on 2007-07-15.
- ^ Rhabdoviridae ICTVdB Index of Viruses, Version 28, June, 2002. Retrieved on 2007-07-15.
