User:Notuncurious/Working/History of Education in Scotland

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View of the quadrangle of the United College, University of St. Andrews
View of the quadrangle of the United College, University of St. Andrews

Respect for a good education is ingrained in the Scottish character, and few nations can rival Scotland's long heritage of having a system intended to foster the education of all people at an individual level. As a consequence of this heritage, Scottish secondary education today emphasises breadth across a wide range of subjects, an emphasis that differs Scotland from her neighbors.

In the twenty-first century, education for the direct benefit of individuals is everywhere a praiseworthy goal. That was not always the case anywhere, including in Scotland. The events of every era altered the progress of education, as did the motives of those who shaped those events. And at each step of the way, the educational traditions that existed earlier contributed to the progress made at that step.

On an individual level, it has always been a human endeavour to gain the knowledge needed to make one's life better, or to accomplish some goal, or to solve some problem. This article attempts to discuss the history of a Scottish system that strives to enable all individuals to succeed in their personal endeavours.

Contents

[edit] Pre-Christian

[edit] Celtic Christian

A Celtic High cross
A Celtic High cross

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[edit] Roman Catholic

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A Christian cross

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[edit] Protestant

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A Christian cross

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[1]

[edit] Episcopalian

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A Christian cross

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[edit] Presbyterian

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A Presbyterian cross

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[edit] Secular

[edit] Timeline

  • 1616 - Privy Council Act of 10 December 1616 - mandates Scots-speaking, Protestant-run schools to be established throughout the country, but lacks a means of implementation.
  • 1633 - Education Act of 1633 - ratifies the 1616 act and provides a means to implement it; only partially effective.

effective in the Scots-speaking, Protestant Lowlands, but ineffective where it was interpreted (and accurately so) not as an attempt to foster education, but rather as an attempt to suppress Catholicism and eradicate the Gaelic language.


but more forceful means of implementation; effective where the 1633 act was effective, and ineffective where the 1633 act was ineffective, and for the same reasons. Its status was made ambiguous by the 1661 act rescinding all previous acts related to the Solemn League and Covenant.

  • 1696 - Education Act of 1696 - a copy of the 1646 act, with little changed but the usage of more modern (ie, 50 years later) language; largely effective.

in establishing schools, but brought the benefits of an education only to Scots-speaking Protestants.


v • d • e
Education in Europe
Sovereign
states

Albania · Andorra · Armenia1 · Austria · Azerbaijan2 · Belarus · Belgium · Bosnia and Herzegovina · Bulgaria · Croatia · Cyprus1 · Czech Republic · Denmark4 · Estonia · Finland · France4, 5, 6 · Georgia2 · Germany · Greece · Hungary · Iceland · Republic of Ireland · Italy · Kazakhstan3 · Latvia · Liechtenstein · Lithuania · Luxembourg · Republic of Macedonia · Malta · Moldova · Monaco · Montenegro · Netherlands · Norway · Poland · Portugal · Romania · Russia3 · San Marino · Serbia · Slovakia · Slovenia · Spain6 · Sweden · Switzerland · Turkey3 · Ukraine · United Kingdom (England • Northern Ireland • Scotland • Wales)
Dependencies,
autonomies,
other territories

Abkhazia 2 · Adjara1 · Akrotiri and Dhekelia · Åland · Azores · Crimea · Faroe Islands · Gagauzia · Gibraltar · Greenland7 · Guernsey · Jan Mayen · Jersey · Kosovo · Isle of Man · Madeira8 · Nagorno-Karabakh1 · Nakhchivan1 · Northern Cyprus1 · Republika Srpska · South Ossetia 2 · Svalbard · Transnistria
Italics indicates an unrecognised or partially recognised country. 1 Entirely in Southwest Asia.  2 Partially or entirely in Asia, depending on the border definitions.  3 / 4 / 5 / 6 Has part of its territory in Asia / North America / South America / Africa.  7 / 8 Entirely on the North American Plate / African Plate.

[edit] References

  1. ^ Barclay, Hugh (1855). A Digest of the Law of Scotland (Second Edition). Edinburgh: T. & T. Clark, 907-913. 

[edit] Bibliography (annotated)

  • Barclay, Hugh (1855). A Digest of the Law of Scotland (Second Edition). Edinburgh: T. & T. Clark.  - a definitive discussion of schools in the Protestant era begins on p. 907; available for download and on-line searches at Google books.
  • Brown, Archibald (1889). Memorials of Argyleshire. Greenock: James M'Kelvie & Sons.  - parts I and II cover early Scottish history; available for download and on-line searches at Google books.
  • The Catholic Encyclopedia XVI. (1914). The Encyclopedia Press, Inc.  - a definitive source of Roman Catholic information; available for download and on-line searches at Google books. The version at www.newadvent.org is more useful for answering specific questions.
  • The Celtic Magazine: A Monthly Periodical (Inverness: A. & W. Mackenzie) XIII, 1888  - the articles discuss Highland culture, aimed at those interested in Highland heritage; available for download and on-line searches at Google books.




Don't Wiki-capture categories while this is an article-in-progress



[[Category:1496 in law]] [[Category:1633 in law]] [[Category:1646 in law]] [[Category:1696 in law]] [[Category:Acts of the Parliament of Scotland]] [[Category:Education in Scotland]]