Nicolai Jasnogrodsky

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Nicolai Jasnogrodsky
Full name Nicolai Jasnogrodsky
Country Flag of Ukraine Ukraine Flag of the United States United States
Born August 6, 1859(1859-08-06)
Lubny
Died April 23, 1914 (aged 54)
New York


Nicolai Jasnogrodsky (6 August 1859, Lubny – 23 April 1914, New York) was an Ukrainian–born American chess master.

Born in Lubny, Ukraine (then Russian Empire) into a Jewish family, he left probably due to the constant pressure against the Jews of this area. Jasnogrodsky started to play competitive chess around 1885 in Vienna, and moved to England in the 1880s.[1] He tied for 4-5th at Amsterdam 1889 (B tournament, Adolf Georg Olland and F. van den Berg won),[2] and in 1890 earned the title of chess master at Amsterdam.[1]

Jasnogrodsky became part of the chess fraternity of the Simpson's-in-the-Strand by 1891 and made a name for himself as a skilled simultaneous and blindfold player.[1] In London tournaments he took 10th (Rudolf Loman won) and tied for 4-5th (Henry Bird won) in 1891, and took 8th (Emanuel Lasker won) in 1892. He drew a match with Bird (7.5 : 7.5) at London 1893.

In the summer of 1893 Jasnogrodsky came to the United States, attracted by the announcements of the Columbian Chess Congress. He arrived in New York on an Arizona steamship on August 11. The Congress was not held due to the lack of sufficient funds, but Jasnogrodsky, like other masters, remained in the New World. He participated in the Impromptu International Tournament where he finished 12th (Emanuel Lasker won).[1]

He won the New York State Championship in late 1896, and also tied for 10-11th at New York 1894 (Wilhelm Steinitz won), lost a match to Eugene Delmar (1.5 : 5.5) at New York 1895, won against Manuel Marquez Sterling (5 : 0) in 1895, lost to David Graham Baird (1 : 2) in 1895,[3] and drew a match with Frank James Marshall (3.5 : 3.5) at New York 1898.[4]

He developed the Jasnogrodsky Defense against the Rice Gambit (1.e4 e5 2.f4 exf4 3.Nf3 g5 4.h4 g4 5.Ne5 Nf6 6.Bc4 d5 7.exd5 Bd6 8.O-O Bxe5 9.Re1 Qe7 10.c3 Nh5).[5]

Jasnogrodsky died at Montefiore Home, Hospital and Country Sanitarium for Chronic Diseases. He was buried in Union Field Cemetery.[1]

[edit] References

  1. ^ a b c d e Urcan, Olimpiu G. (1 July 2007), “Chess Expert Jailed: Jasnogrodsky's Troubles in America”, Chess Life Magazine, <http://main.uschess.org/frontend/magazine_124_314.php>. Retrieved on 6 April 2008 
  2. ^ amsb
  3. ^ Edo Ratings, Jasnogrodsky, N
  4. ^ Welcome to the Chessmetrics site
  5. ^ The Rice Gambit by Bill Wall