New Zealand general election, 2002
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| 2002 general election New Zealand House of Representatives |
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| 27 July 2002 | ||||
| Government | Opposition | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
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| Leader | Helen Clark | Bill English | ||
| Party | Labour | National | ||
| Leader since | 1993 | 2001 | ||
| Leader's seat | Mount Albert | Clutha-Southland | ||
The 2002 New Zealand general election was a nationwide vote to determine the shape of the 47th New Zealand Parliament. It saw the reelection of Helen Clark's Labour Party government, as well as the worst-ever performance by the opposition National Party.
Arguably the most controversial issue in the election campaign was the end of a moratorium on genetic engineering, strongly opposed by the Green Party. Some commentators have claimed that the tension between Labour and the Greens on this issue was a more notable part of the campaign than any tension between Labour and its traditional right-wing opponents. Helen Clark had called the Greens "goths and anarcho-feminists" during the campaign.
Contents |
[edit] Background
On 12 June the government announced that the country would have a general election on 27 July. This was several months earlier than was required, a fact which caused considerable comment. The Prime Minister, Helen Clark, claimed that an early poll was necessary due to the collapse of her junior coalition partner, the Alliance. Critics, however, claimed that Clark could have continued to govern, and that the early election was called to take advantage of Labour's strong position in the polls. Some commentators believe that a mixture of these factors was responsible[citation needed].
Before the election, the Labour Party held 49 seats in parliament. It governed in coalition with the smaller (and more left-wing) Alliance, which had 10 seats. It also relied on support from the Greens, but this was a largely informal arrangement, and the Greens were not a part of the administration itself. Opposing Labour were the National Party (centre-right), New Zealand First (radical centrist and nationalist), ACT New Zealand (strongly supportive of the free market), and United Future (centrist). Many opinion polls, indicated that Labour was popular enough to conceivably win an absolute majority, leaving it able to govern without the support of smaller parties. Labour's dominance over National was such that for many people, the question was not whether Labour would win, but whether Labour would receive the absolute majority it sought.
[edit] The election
There were 2,670,030 registered voters, the highest number for any election in New Zealand. However, only 77% of these registered voters chose to cast a vote, a considerable drop from previous elections. Many commentators cited Labour's dominance in the polls as a reason for this lack of voting. Many people saw the outcome as inevitable, and so did not bother to vote at all.
[edit] Summary of results
As most people expected, Labour was victorious. It did not, however, receive an absolute majority, gaining only 52 seats (eight seats short of the half-way mark). Labour's former coalition partner, the Alliance (which had splintered shortly before the election), was not returned to parliament. However, the new Progressive Coalition (now the Progressive Party) started by former Alliance leader Jim Anderton won two seats, and remained allied with Labour. The Greens, who were now distanced from Labour over the genetic engineering controversy, gained nine seats (an increase of two).
In general, it was a bad election for the parties of the right. The National Party, once referred to as "the natural party of government", suffered its worst-ever electoral defeat, gaining only 21% of the vote. ACT New Zealand, National's more right-wing neighbour, failed to capitalize on the exodus of National supporters, retaining the same number of seats as before. Instead, the most notable gains among opposition parties were made by two centrist parties. One of these was Winston Peters's New Zealand First party, a radical centrist and nationalist party opposed to immigration. Strong campaigning by Peters allowed the party to recover from its serious losses in the 1999 election. The other was United Future New Zealand party, a centrist party based on a merger of the United Party and the Future New Zealand party - primarily due to the performance of leader Peter Dunne, the party shot from having one seat to having eight seats.
Once the final distribution of seats was determined, it was clear that Labour would be at the centre of the government, and that it would be allied with the Progressives. However, this still left Labour needing support in matters of confidence and supply, as the two parties together fell short of an absolute majority. Labour expressed a preference for an "agreement" rather than a full coalition, hoping to establish an arrangement similar to the one that existed with the Greens prior to the election. Three realistic choices existed for a partner - the Greens, United Future, and New Zealand First. Labour had repeatedly ruled out deals with New Zealand First during the election campaign, and reaffirmed this soon after the election, leaving just the Greens and United Future as candidates. After a period of negotiation, Labour opted to ally with United Future, being unwilling to change their genetic engineering policies to secure the Green Party's support.
Labour and the Progressives remain in power, with support in confidence and supply votes from United Future.
[edit] Detailed results
[edit] National results
[edit] Table
| Party | Electorate Votes | Party Votes | Total Seats | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Candidates | Votes | Electorate seats won |
Candidates | Votes | % | List seats won |
||||||
| Labour Party | 69 | 891,866 | 45 | 74 | 838,219 | 41.26% | 7 | 52 | ||||
| National Party | 69 | 609,458 | 21 | 65 | 425,310 | 20.93% | 6 | 27 | ||||
| New Zealand First | 24 | 79,380 | 1 | 22 | 210,912 | 10.38% | 12 | 13 | ||||
| ACT | 56 | 70,888 | - | 60 | 145,078 | 7.14% | 9 | 9 | ||||
| Green Party | 57 | 106,717 | - | 65 | 142,250 | 7.00% | 9 | 9 | ||||
| United Future | 63 | 92,484 | 1 | 60 | 135,918 | 6.69% | 7 | 8 | ||||
| Progressive Coalition | 61 | 36,647 | 1 | 61 | 34,524 | 1.70% | 1 | 2 | ||||
| Christian Heritage Party | 69 | 40,810 | - | 20 | 27,492 | 1.35% | - | - | ||||
| Outdoor Recreation | - | - | - | 12 | 25,985 | 1.28% | - | - | ||||
| Alliance | 61 | 33,655 | - | 48 | 25,888 | 1.27% | - | - | ||||
| Legalise Cannabis Party | 7 | 3,397 | - | 12 | 12,987 | 0.64% | - | - | ||||
| Mana Maori | 5 | 8,130 | - | 12 | 4,980 | 0.25% | - | - | ||||
| One New Zealand Party | 8 | 2,617 | - | 10 | 1,782 | 0.09% | - | - | ||||
| NMP | - | - | - | 2 | 274 | 0.01% | - | - | ||||
| Libertarianz | 5 | 672 | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||
| Equal Rights Party | 2 | 1,106 | - | N/A | - | |||||||
| PCP Coalition | 1 | 657 | - | N/A | - | |||||||
| Nga Iwi Morehu | 2 | 522 | - | N/A | - | |||||||
| Anti-Capitalist Alliance | 4 | 336 | - | N/A | - | |||||||
| New Generation | 1 | 308 | - | N/A | - | |||||||
| Aroha Ngia Tatou | 1 | 147 | - | N/A | - | |||||||
| Aotearoa New Zealand Youth | 1 | 136 | - | N/A | - | |||||||
| Communist League | 2 | 171 | - | N/A | - | |||||||
| Beneficiaries' Party | 1 | 129 | - | N/A | - | |||||||
| MAI | 1 | 115 | - | N/A | - | |||||||
| Quality of Life | 1 | 83 | - | N/A | - | |||||||
| Human Rights Party | 1 | 66 | - | N/A | - | |||||||
| Economic Euthenics Party | 1 | 55 | - | N/A | - | |||||||
| Project Hope | 1 | 52 | - | N/A | - | |||||||
| Reform's Tahi | 1 | 55 | - | N/A | - | |||||||
| Independents | 18 | 14,927 | - | N/A | - | |||||||
[edit] Graph of party vote
[edit] Electorate results
Of the 69 electorates in the 2002 election, a majority (45) were won by the Labour Party. The opposition National Party won 21 electorate seats. Labour dominated the urban areas, where it has traditionally been strongest, while National performed best in rural areas. However, Labour's strong position in this election led to National losing ground in a number of its traditional strongholds. The loss of Otago electorate, a rural area, was one notable example.
Labour also dominated in the seven Maori seats. National gained second place in only one Maori electorate, with Labour's main rivals being the Mana Maori Movement, the Greens, and the Alliance.
Of the minor parties, only three managed to win electorates, mostly due to the strong personal following of the incumbents. United Future leader Peter Dunne retained his strong support in the Wellington electorate of Ohariu-Belmont, while New Zealand First leader Winston Peters retained Tauranga. Progressive leader Jim Anderton retained the Christchurch seat of Wigram, which he had formerly held as leader of the Alliance.
| Aoraki Held by Jim Sutton (Labour) |
Jim Sutton (Labour) |
| 2nd: Wayne F Marriott (National) 3rd: Tony Bunting (United Future) |
|
| Auckland Central Held by Judith Tizard (Labour) |
Judith Tizard (Labour) |
| 2nd: Pansy Wong (National) 3rd: Nandor Tanczos (Green) |
|
| Banks Peninsula Held by Ruth Dyson (Labour) |
Ruth Dyson (Labour) |
| 2nd: David Carter (National) 3rd: Rod Donald (Green) |
|
| Bay of Plenty Held by Tony Ryall (National) |
Tony Ryall (National) |
| 2nd: Peter Brown (New Zealand First) 3rd: Mei Taare (Labour) |
|
| Christchurch Central Held by Tim Barnett (Labour) |
Tim Barnett (Labour) |
| 2nd: Nicky Wagner (National) 3rd: Matt Morris (Green) |
|
| Christchurch East Held by Lianne Dalziel (Labour) |
Lianne Dalziel (Labour) |
| 2nd: Stephen Johnston (National) 3rd: Mary McCammon (Green) |
|
| Clevedon New Electorate |
Judith Collins (National) |
| 2nd: Dave Hereora (Labour) 3rd: Brent Catchpole (New Zealand First) |
|
| Clutha-Southland Held by Bill English (National) |
Bill English (National) |
| 2nd: Lesley Soper (Labour) 3rd: Dave Mackie (New Zealand First) |
|
| Coromandel Held by Jeanette Fitzsimons (Green) |
Sandra Goudie (National) |
| 2nd: Max Purnell (Labour) 3rd: Jeanette Fitzsimons (Green) |
|
| Dunedin North Held by Pete Hodgson (Labour) |
Pete Hodgson (Labour) |
| 2nd: Katherine Rich (National) 3rd: Pip Direen (Green) |
|
| Dunedin South Held by David Benson-Pope (Labour) |
David Benson-Pope (Labour) |
| 2nd: Paul Foster (National) 3rd: Fliss Butcher (Green) |
|
| East Coast Held by Janet Mackey (Labour) |
Janet Mackey (Labour) |
| 2nd: Leanne Jensen-Daines (National) 3rd: Judy Turner (United Future) |
|
| East Coast Bays New Electorate |
Murray McCully (National) |
| 2nd: Hamish McCracken (Labour) 3rd: Paul Adams (United Future) |
|
| Epsom Held by Richard Worth (National) |
Richard Worth (National) |
| 2nd: Di Nash (Labour) 3rd: Rodney Hide (ACT) |
|
| Hamilton East Held by Tony Steel (National) |
Dianne Yates (Labour) |
| 2nd: Tony Steel (National) 3rd: Doug Woolerton (New Zealand First) |
|
| Hamilton West Held by Martin Gallagher (Labour) |
Martin Gallagher (Labour) |
| 2nd: Bob Simcock (National) 3rd: Bill Gudgeon (New Zealand First) |
|
| Helensville New Electorate |
John Key (National) |
| 2nd: Gary Russell (Labour) 3rd: Brian Neeson (Independent) |
|
| Hutt South Held by Trevor Mallard (Labour) |
Trevor Mallard (Labour) |
| 2nd: Richard Townley (National) 3rd: Murray Smith (United Future) |
|
| Ilam Held by Gerry Brownlee (National) |
Gerry Brownlee (National) |
| 2nd: Richard Pole (Labour) 3rd: Marc Alexander (United Future) |
|
| Invercargill Held by Mark Peck (Labour) |
Mark Peck (Labour) |
| 2nd: Eric Roy (National) 3rd: Stephnie de Ruyter (Progressive) |
|
| Kaikoura Held by Lynda Scott (National) |
Lynda Scott (National) |
| 2nd: Brendon Burns (Labour) 3rd: Ian Ewen-Street (Green) |
|
| Mana Held by Graham Kelly (Labour) |
Winnie Laban (Labour) |
| 2nd: Sue Wood (National) 3rd: Olivia Mitchell (Green) |
|
| Mangere Held by Taito Phillip Field (Labour) |
Taito Phillip Field (Labour) |
| 2nd: Sylvia Taylor (National) 3rd: Steve Abel (Green) |
|
| Manukau East Held by Ross Robertson (Labour) |
Ross Robertson (Labour) |
| 2nd: Arthur Anae (National) 3rd: Gerald Trass (ACT) |
|
| Manurewa Held by George Hawkins (Labour) |
George Hawkins (Labour) |
| 2nd: Enosa Auva'a (National) 3rd: John Bryce Geary (New Zealand First) |
|
| Maungakiekie Held by Mark Gosche (Labour) |
Mark Gosche (Labour) |
| 2nd: Belinda Vernon (National) 3rd: Don Fairley (Green) |
|
| Mt Albert Held by Helen Clark (Labour) |
Helen Clark (Labour) |
| 2nd: Raewyn Bhana (National) 3rd: Bruce Williams (ACT) |
|
| Mt Roskill Held by Phil Goff (Labour) |
Phil Goff (Labour) |
| 2nd: Brent Trewheela (National) 3rd: Kenneth Wang (ACT) |
|
| Napier Held by Geoff Braybrooke (Labour) |
Russell Fairbrother (Labour) |
| 2nd: Anne Tolley (National) 3rd: Terry Creighton (Green) |
|
| Nelson Held by Nick Smith (National) |
Nick Smith (National) |
| 2nd: John Kennedy (Labour) 3rd: Mike Ward (Green) |
|
| New Lynn New Electorate |
David Cunliffe (Labour) |
| 2nd: Brendan Beach (National) 3rd: Saffron Toms (Green) |
|
| New Plymouth Held by Harry Duynhoven (Labour) |
Harry Duynhoven (Labour) |
| 2nd: Geoff Horton (National) 3rd: Tom Smithers (United Future) |
|
| North Shore Held by Wayne Mapp (National) |
Wayne Mapp (National) |
| 2nd: Helen Duncan (Labour) 3rd: Deborah Coddington (ACT) |
|
| Northcote Held by Ann Hartley (Labour) |
Ann Hartley (Labour) |
| 2nd: Jeremy Sole (National) 3rd: Grant Gillon (Progressive) |
|
| Northland Held by John Carter (National) |
John Carter (National) |
| 2nd: Rachel Rose (Labour) 3rd: Jim Peters (New Zealand First) |
|
| Ohariu-Belmont Held by Peter Dunne (United Future) |
Peter Dunne (United Future) |
| 2nd: Gill Boddy-Greer (Labour) 3rd: Dale Stephens (National) |
|
| Otago Held by Gavan Herlihy (National) |
David Parker (Labour) |
| 2nd: Gavan Herlihy (National) 3rd: Gerry Eckhoff (ACT) |
|
| Otaki Held by Judy Keall (Labour) |
Darren Hughes (Labour) |
| 2nd: Roger Sowry (National) 3rd: Caroline Greig (Green) |
|
| Pakuranga Held by Maurice Williamson (National) |
Maurice Williamson (National) |
| 2nd: Michael Wood (Labour) 3rd: Andrew Jollands (ACT) |
|
| Palmerston North Held by Steve Maharey (Labour) |
Steve Maharey (Labour) |
| 2nd: Dave Scott (National) 3rd: Margaret McKenzie (Green) |
|
| Piako New Electorate |
Lindsay Tisch (National) |
| 2nd: Sue Moroney (Labour) 3rd: Gordon Stewart (New Zealand First) |
|
| Port Waikato Held by Paul Hutchison (National) |
Paul Hutchison (National) |
| 2nd: Lesley Harry (Labour) 3rd: Bob Daw (New Zealand First) |
|
| Rakaia Held by Jenny Shipley (National) |
Brian Connell (National) |
| 2nd: Tony Milne (Labour) 3rd: Graeme Barr (United Future) |
|
| Rangitikei Held by Simon Power (National) |
Simon Power (National) |
| 2nd: Margaret Hayward (Labour) 3rd: Jim Howard (United Future) |
|
| Rimutaka Held by Paul Swain (Labour) |
Paul Swain (Labour) |
| 2nd: Mike Leddy (National) 3rd: Wayne Chapman (United Future) |
|
| Rodney Held by Lockwood Smith (National) |
Lockwood Smith (National) |
| 2nd: Grant Duffy (Labour) 3rd: Craig McNair (New Zealand First) |
|
| Rongotai Held by Annette King (Labour) |
Annette King (Labour) |
| 2nd: Glenda Hughes (National) 3rd: Celia Wade-Brown (Green) |
|
| Rotorua Held by Stephanie Chadwick (Labour) |
Stephanie Chadwick (Labour) |
| 2nd: Malcolm Short (National) 3rd: Fletcher Tabuteau (New Zealand First) |
|
| Tamaki Held by Clem Simich (National) |
Clem Simich (National) |
| 2nd: Leila Boyle (Labour) 3rd: Ken Shirley (ACT) |
|
| Taranaki-King Country Held by Shane Ardern (National) |
Shane Ardern (National) |
| 2nd: Judy Hawkins (Labour) 3rd: Owen Jennings (ACT) |
|
| Taupo Held by Mark Burton (Labour) |
Mark Burton (Labour) |
| 2nd: Weston Kirton (National) 3rd: Nick Fisher (Green) |
|
| Tauranga Held by Winston Peters (New Zealand First) |
Winston Peters (New Zealand First) |
| 2nd: Margaret Wilson (Labour) 3rd: Tim Macindoe (National) |
|
| Te Atatu Held by Chris Carter (Labour) |
Chris Carter (Labour) |
| 2nd: Tau Henare (National) 3rd: Christine Ritchie (New Zealand First) |
|
| Tukituki Held by Rick Barker (Labour) |
Rick Barker (Labour) |
| 2nd: Craig Foss (National) 3rd: John Ormond (ACT) |
|
| Waimakariri Held by Clayton Cosgrove (Labour) |
Clayton Cosgrove (Labour) |
| 2nd: Dan Gordon (National) 3rd: Ron Mark (New Zealand First) |
|
| Wairarapa Held by Georgina Beyer (Labour) |
Georgina Beyer (Labour) |
| 2nd: Ian Buchanan (National) 3rd: Merepeka Raukawa-Tait (Christian Heritage) |
|
| Waitakere Held by Brian Neeson (National) |
Lynne Pillay (Labour) |
| 2nd: Laila Harré (Alliance) 3rd: Marie Hasler (National) |
|
| Wellington Central Held by Marian Hobbs (Labour) |
Marian Hobbs (Labour) |
| 2nd: Hekia Parata (National) 3rd: Sue Kedgley (Green) |
|
| West Coast-Tasman Held by Damien O'Connor (Labour) |
Damien O'Connor (Labour) |
| 2nd: Barry Nicolle (National) 3rd: Richard Davies (Green) |
|
| Whanganui Held by Jill Pettis (Labour) |
Jill Pettis (Labour) |
| 2nd: Chester Borrows (National) 3rd: Peter Russell (Green) |
|
| Whangarei Held by Phil Heatley (National) |
Phil Heatley (National) |
| 2nd: David Shearer (Labour) 3rd: Brian Donnelly (New Zealand First) |
|
| Wigram Held by Jim Anderton (Alliance) |
Jim Anderton (Progressive) |
| 2nd: Mike Mora (Labour) 3rd: Alec Neill (National) |
|
| Ikaroa-Rawhiti Held by Parekura Horomia (Labour) |
Parekura Horomia (Labour) |
| 2nd: Glenis Philip-Barbara (Mana Maori) 3rd: Alan Delamere (National) |
|
| Tainui New Electorate |
Nanaia Mahuta (Labour) |
| 2nd: Willie Jackson (Alliance) 3rd: Angeline Greensill (Mana Maori) |
|
| Tamaki Makaurau New Electorate |
John Tamihere (Labour) |
| 2nd: Metiria Turei (Green) 3rd: George Ngatai (National) |
|
| Te Tai Hauauru Held by Nanaia Mahuta (Labour) |
Tariana Turia (Labour) |
| 2nd: Ken Mair (Mana Maori) 3rd: Greg White (National) |
|
| Te Tai Tokerau Held by Dover Samuels (Labour) |
Dover Samuels (Labour) |
| 2nd: Mere Mangu (Independent) 3rd: Naida Glavish (Alliance) |
|
| Te Tai Tonga Held by Mahara Okeroa (Labour) |
Mahara Okeroa (Labour) |
| 2nd: Bill Karaitiana (National) 3rd: Jacqui Amohanga (Mana Maori) |
|
| Waiariki Held by Mita Ririnui (Labour) |
Mita Ririnui (Labour) |
| 2nd: Rihi Vercoe (Mana Maori) 3rd: Hamuera Mitchell (National) |
[edit] List results
| Labour | Michael Cullen Jonathan Hunt Margaret Wilson Graham Kelly Helen Duncan Dave Hereora Ashraf Choudhary |
| Unsuccessful: Moana Mackey, Lesley Soper, Carol Beaumont, Max Purnell, David Shearer, Gill Boddy-Greer, Brendon Burns, Louisa Wall, David Maka, Hamish McCracken, Eamon Daly, Lesley Harry, Brenda Lowe-Johnson, Steven Ching, Leila Boyle, John Cheesman, Richard Pole, Paul Gibson, Margaret Hayward, Di Nash, Denise Mackenzie, Judy Hawkins, Dinesh Tailor, Kath Peebles, Mike Mora, Yani Johanson, Nathan Saminathan, Ola Kamel, Jan Noonan, Maureen Waaka, Lyndsay Rackley, Wayne Hawker | |
| National | Roger Sowry David Carter Don Brash Georgina Te Heuheu Pansy Wong Katherine Rich |
| Unsuccessful: Hekia Parata, Gavan Herlihy, Bob Simcock, Allan Peachey, Sue Wood, Guy Salmon, Alec Neill, Belinda Vernon, Anne Tolley, Eric Roy, Arthur Anae, Ian Buchanan, Greg White, Marie Hasler, Annabel Young, Eric Liu, Tau Henare, Chester Borrows, Nicky Wagner, Leanne Jensen-Daines, Tim Macindoe, Wayne Marriott, Dan Gordon, Jeremy Sole, George Ngatai, Dale Stephens, Craig Foss, Glenda Hughes, Dave Scott, Weston Kirton, Hamuera Mitchell, Enosa Auva'a, Sylvia Taylor, Barry Nicolle, Paul Foster, Mita Harris, Brent Trewheela, Raewyn Bhana, Bill Karaitiana, Geoff Horton, Rodney Williams, Alan Delamere, Peter O'Brien, Rod O'Beirne | |
| New Zealand First | Peter Brown Brian Donnelly Ron Mark Doug Woolerton Barbara Stewart Pita Paraone Craig McNair Jim Peters Dail Jones Edwin Perry Bill Gudgeon Brent Catchpole |
| Unsuccessful: Rob Harris, Dawn Mullins, Brett Webster, Gordon Stewart, Fletcher Tabuteau, Bob Daw, Dave Mackie, John Riley, John Bryce Geary | |
| ACT | Richard Prebble Rodney Hide Muriel Newman Stephen Franks Donna Awatere Huata Deborah Coddington Ken Shirley Gerry Eckhoff Heather Roy |
| Unsuccessful: Kenneth Wang, Paul King, Owen Jennings, Penny Webster, Andrew Davies, Dick Quax, Nigel Mattison, David Edward Olsen, Willie James Martin, Mary Hackshaw, John Thompson, Lech Beltowski, Joanne Reeder, Nicholas Cairney, Bruce Williams, Gerald Trass, Andrew Jollands, Bryce Bevin, Ron Scott, Dianne Mulcock, Shirley Marshall, Juanita Angell, John Peters, Glen Snelgar, Matt Ball, Ray Bassett, Carl Beentjes, Michael Coote, Brian George Dawson, Dianne Dawson, Ted Erskine-Legget, Simon Anthony Ewing-Jarvie, Ted Howard, Elizabeth Hurley, Dorothy King, Chris Newman, Chris O'Brien, Julie Pepper, Peter Phiskie, John Riddell, Robin Roodt, Ian Sage, Greg Sneddon, Graham Douglas Steenson, Ian Swan, Peter Talbot-King, Anthony Watson, John Waugh, Roland Weber, Trevor West, Smilie Wood | |
| Greens | Jeanette Fitzsimons Rod Donald Sue Bradford Nandor Tanczos Sue Kedgley Ian Ewen-Street Keith Locke Metiria Turei Mike Ward |
| Unsuccessful: Catherine Delahunty, Roland Sapsford, Meriel Anne Watts, Jon Carapiet, Richard Davies, Celia Wade-Brown, Cathy Olsen, Russell Norman, Janine McVeagh, Steffan Browning, Dayle Belcher, Kei Clendon, Craig Potton, David Musgrave, Deborah Martin, Te Ruruanga Te Keeti, Steve Abel, Sarah Millington, Calvin Green, Caro Henckels, Fliss Butcher, Peter Berger, Hana Blackmore, Gareth Bodle, Paul Bruce, Craig Carson, Terry Creighton, Jan Davey, Paul de Spa, Pip Direen, Ian Douglas, Gaye Dyson, Jeanette Elley, Don Fairley, Nick Fisher, Jo Francis, Richard Green, Caroline Greig, Lois Griffiths, Perce Harpham, David Hill, Laurie Hoverd, Stephen Lee, Kate Lowe, Paul Lowe, Rachel Mackintosh, Mary McCammon, Margaret McKenzie, Olivia Mitchell, Matt Morris, Chris Norton-Brown, Fraser Palmer-Hesketh, Di Pennell, David Rose, Christiaan Briggs, Jane Williams | |
| United Future | Gordon Copeland Bernie Ogilvy Marc Alexander Murray Smith Larry Baldock Judy Turner Paul Adams |
| Unsuccessful: Wayne Chapman, Andrew Kubala, Gray Eatwell, Bruce McGrail, Hassan Hosseini, Craig Hunt, Kevin Harper, Russell Judd, Anne Drake, Ian McInnes, Graham Butterworth, Andrea Deeth, Cindy Ruakere, Chris Bretton, Susanne Fellner, Jim Howard, Martyn Seddon, Tom Smithers, Ross Tizard, Grant Bowater, Steve Taylor, Graham Turner, Dave Fitness, Paul Duxbury, Richard Carter, Lee Edmonds, Stephen Russell, Sharee Adams, Lee Robertson, Rachel Smithers, Rob Moodie, Witana Murray, Frank Owen, Graeme Torckler, Denis Gilmore, Andrew Smith, Tony Bunting, Graeme Barr, James Te Kahupuku Hippolite, Mike Mitcalfe, Stephanie McEwin, Bruce Settle, Peter Collins, Todd Whitcombe, Joy Lietze, Gray Phillips, Chris Collier, Allan Smellie, Jesse O'Brien, Julee Smith-Mischeski, Vince Smith, Dennis Wells | |
| Progressive | Matt Robson |
| Unsuccessful: Grant Gillon, John Wright, Stephnie de Ruyter, Peter Campbell, Rosie Brown, Meng Ly, Susi Pa'o Williams, Jill Henry, Phil Clearwater, David Angus Wilson, Sue Elizabeth Wharewaka-Topia Watts, Pasene Tauialo-o-Lilimaiava, Nong Li, John Pemberton, Bruce Parr, Vivienne Shepherd, Trevor Lance Barnard, Russell Franklin, Annette Anderson, Adrian James Bayly, Victor Bradley, Lyndsay Brock, Robert Bryan, Christine Cheesman, Fleur Churton, David Culverhouse, Jamie Daly, Clare Dickson, Bob Fox, Russell Edwards, David Espin, Bill Henderson, Steven Charles Ihaia, Frede Jorgensen, Te Pare Joseph, Doreen Henderson, Toni Jowsey, Peter David Kane, C Kerr, John Kilbride, Martin Lawrence, Doug McCallum, Philippa Main, John Neill, Garry Oster, Ram Parkash, Dawn Patchett, Bob Peck, Jim Medland, Rob Shirley, Lynley Simmons, Heather Marion Smith, Arthur Toms, Gillian Dance, Hessel Van Wieren, Ross Weddell, Roger White, Barry Pulford | |
| Christian Heritage | Unsuccessful: Graham Capill, Merepeka Raukawa-Tait, Vic Pollard, Dick Holland, Vic Jarvis, Gerald Barker, Ken Munn, Roger Payne, Ruth Jarvis, Nick Barber, Gavin Denby, Chris Salt, Ian Cummings, Grant Bradfield, McGregor Simpson, Rod Harris, Margaret Burgess, Mike Ferguson, Matthew Flannagan, Madeline Jane Flannagan |
| Outdoor Recreation | Unsuccessful: Lester Phelps, David O'Neill, Paul Check, Warren Sinclair, Henry Willems, Peter Ellery, Edwin Sylva, James Cook, Peter Gibbons, Michael Holmes, James Rudd, Harry Bimler |
| Alliance | Unsuccessful: Laila Harré, Willie Jackson, Matt McCarten, Liz Gordon, Tricia Cutforth, Gerard Hehir, Vern Winitana, Rebecca Matthews, Mike Treen, Naida Glavish, Robert Reid, Jill Ovens, Sam Huggard, Janice Panoho-Smith, Vernon Iosefa Tile, Julie Fairey, Gavin MacLean, Carolyn Payne-Harker, Kamaka Manuel, Mary-Ellen O'Connor, Maxine Boag, Moira Lawler, Len Richards, Ravaani Ghaemmaghamy, John Tuwhakairiora Tibble, Anna McMartin, Anna Sutherland, Hayley Rawhiti, Joseph Randall, Sean Gourley, Peter Wheeler, Val McClimont, Margaret Jeune, Dion Martin, Paula Henderson, Brendon Lane, Peter Jamieson, Fiona McLaren, Solly Southwood, Michael Gilchrist, Paul Protheroe, Justin Wilson, Karl Bartleet, Richard Wallis, Simon Shields, Craig Willis, Helen Mackinlay, Robert Van Ruyssevelt |
| Legalise Cannabis | Unsuccessful: Michael Appleby, Michael Britnell, Irinka Britnell, Dave Moore, Christine Mitchell, Jeanette Saxby, Paul John Michael McMullan, Judy Daniels, Judy Matangi, Paula Lambert, Sugra Morley, Peter Green |
| Mana Maori | Unsuccessful: Angeline Greensill, Ken Mair, Glenis Philip-Barbara, Tame Iti, Jacqui Amohanga, Rihi Vercoe, Mere Takoko, Tanima Bernard, Colleen Skerrett-White, Piripi Haami, Ngahape Lomax, Sharon Pehi-Barlow |
| One New Zealand | Unsuccessful: John Porter, Jim White, Alan McCulloch, Janet White, Richard Fisher, David Moat, Walter Christie, Gill Edwards, Peter Grove, John Bull |
| NMP | Unsuccessful: Mark Atkin, Brett Kenneth Gifkins |
[edit] Summary of seat changes
- Electoral redistributions:
- A minor reconfiguration of electorates and their boundaries occurred between the 1999 and 2002 elections. Five seats were abolished and seven were created, giving a net increase of two electorates.
- The seats of Albany, Hunua, Karapiro, Titirangi and Hauraki (Maori) ceased to exist.
- The seats of Clevedon, East Coast Bays, Helensville, New Lynn, Piako, Tainui (Maori) and Tamaki Makaurau (Maori) came into being.
- Seats captured:
- By Labour: Hamilton East, Otago and Waitakere were captured from National.
- By National: Coromandel was captured from the Greens.
- The seat of Wigram transferred from the Alliance to the Progressives due to a change of its MP's party affiliation.
- Seats transferred from departing MPs to new MPs:
- The seat of Rakaia, held by a departing National MP, was won by a new National candidate.
- The seats of Mana, Napier, Otaki, and Te Tai Hauauru, all held by departing Labour MPs, were won by new Labour candidates (although the departing Mana MP became a list MP and the departing Te Tai Hauauru MP returned to Parliament in another electorate).
- Labour list seats: Lost 1 (was 8, fell to 7)
- Retired: 1
- Became electorate MPs: 3
- Re-elected: 4
- Newly elected: 3 (including a former electorate MP)
- National list seats: Lost 11 (was 17, fell to 6)
- Retired: 4
- Re-elected: 5
- Not re-elected: 8
- Newly elected: 1
- New Zealand First list seats: Gained 8 (was 4, rose to 12)
- Re-elected: 4
- Newly elected: 8
- ACT list seats: No change (was 9, remained 9)
- Re-elected: 7
- Not re-elected: 2
- Newly elected: 2
- Green list seats: Gained 3 (was 6, rose to 9)
- Re-elected: 6
- Newly elected: 3 (including a former electorate MP)
- Alliance list seats: Lost 9 (was 9, fell to 0)
- Retired: 1
- Not re-elected: 3
- (Transferred to Progressives: 5)
- United Future list seats: Gained 7 (was 0, rose to 7)
- Newly elected: 7
- Progressive list seats: Gained 1 (was 0, rose to 1)
- (Transferred from Alliance: 5)
- Retired: 2
- Re-elected: 1
- Not re-elected: 2
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[edit] References
- Vowles et al (2004). in Jack Vowles, Peter Aimer, Susan Banducci, Jeffrey Karp and Raymond Miller (eds): Voters' Veto: the 2002 Election in New Zealand and the Consolidation of Minority Government. Auckland, New Zealand: Auckland University Press.
