Nepenthes lavicola

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Nepenthes lavicola

Kingdom:	Plantae
Division:	Magnoliophyta
Class:	Magnoliopsida
Order:	Caryophyllales
Family:	Nepenthaceae
Genus:	Nepenthes
Species:	N. lavicola

Binomial name

Nepenthes lavicola
Wistuba & Rischer (1996)

Synonyms

Nepenthes spectabilis
auct. non Danser: Jebb & Cheek (1997)
[=N. lavicola/N. spectabilis]

Nepenthes lavicola (pronounced /nəˈpɛnθiːz ˈlævɪˌkəʊlə/, from Latin: lavicola = growing upon lava) is a Nepenthes pitcher plant species native to Sumatra. It is thought to be most closely related to N. singalana and N. spectabilis.

Differences between N. lavicola, N. singalana and N. spectabilis (Wistuba & Rischer, 1996)
Character N. lavicola N. singalana N. spectabilis

Shape of lower pitchers urceolate to globose basal part infundibuliform, cylindrical in the upper part ovate in the lower part, cylindrical in the upper part

Shape of upper pitchers slender, lower part infundibuliform to ovate then ventricose, slightly hipped in the middle narrowing to the somewhat waisted cylindrical upper part lower half infundibuliform, mostly ventricose in the middle, cylindrical or slightly narrowed towards the mouth infundibuliform in the lower half, tubulose in the upper half

Colour of pitchers usually dark brownish purple to almost black, peristome yellowish green, sometimes with red stripes, occasionally colour of pitchers yellowish green with blackish spots, innerside of the pitchers pale green, in the lower pitchers red spotted light green to dark red, violett spotted or not light green, with numerous longitudinal dark violett - brown stripes and spots

Lid ovate-cordate suborbicular, cordate at the base orbiculate

Spur up to 0.5 cm in length, branched in case of lower pitchers 2-3 mm, slightly flattened, not branched 2 cm in length, simple

Spur insertion close to the lid base close to the lid 5-10 mm below the lid base

Floral bracts bracts very prominent, usually overarching the flowers, some of the lower ones reaching several cm in length male: filiform bract, female: without bract pedicels bearing filiform bracts

Fruit 2-3 times as long as broad, up to 1.8 cm long up to 30 mm long very slender, 4-5 cm in length

Differences between *N. lavicola*, *N. singalana* and *N. spectabilis* (Wistuba & Rischer, 1996)
Character	N. lavicola	N. singalana	N. spectabilis
Shape of lower pitchers	urceolate to globose	basal part infundibuliform, cylindrical in the upper part	ovate in the lower part, cylindrical in the upper part
Shape of upper pitchers	slender, lower part infundibuliform to ovate then ventricose, slightly hipped in the middle narrowing to the somewhat waisted cylindrical upper part	lower half infundibuliform, mostly ventricose in the middle, cylindrical or slightly narrowed towards the mouth	infundibuliform in the lower half, tubulose in the upper half
Colour of pitchers	usually dark brownish purple to almost black, peristome yellowish green, sometimes with red stripes, occasionally colour of pitchers yellowish green with blackish spots, innerside of the pitchers pale green, in the lower pitchers red spotted	light green to dark red, violett spotted or not	light green, with numerous longitudinal dark violett - brown stripes and spots
Lid	ovate-cordate	suborbicular, cordate at the base	orbiculate
Spur	up to 0.5 cm in length, branched in case of lower pitchers	2-3 mm, slightly flattened, not branched	2 cm in length, simple
Spur insertion	close to the lid base	close to the lid	5-10 mm below the lid base
Floral bracts	bracts very prominent, usually overarching the flowers, some of the lower ones reaching several cm in length	male: filiform bract, female: without bract	pedicels bearing filiform bracts
Fruit	2-3 times as long as broad, up to 1.8 cm long	up to 30 mm long	very slender, 4-5 cm in length

[edit] References

Schnell, D., Catling, P., Folkerts, G., Frost, C., Gardner, R., et al. (2000). Nepenthes lavicola. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCN 2006. Retrieved on 11 May 2006. Listed as Critically Endangered (CR B1+2c v2.3)
Clarke, C.M. 2001. Nepenthes of Sumatra and Peninsular Malaysia. Natural History Publications (Borneo), Kota Kinabalu, pp. 152-154.
Wistuba, A. & H. Rischer 1996. Nepenthes lavicola, a new species of Nepenthaceae from the Aceh Province in the North of Sumatra. Carnivorous Plant Newsletter 25(4): 106-111.