Neo-Byzantine architecture

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Neo-Byzantine architecture is an architectural revival style, of the mid- to late 19th and early 20th centuries, most frequently seen in religious, institutional and public buildings. Neo-Byzantine architecture incorporates elements of the Byzantine style associated with Eastern and Orthodox Christian architecture dating from the 5th through 11th centuries, notably that of Byzantium (Constantinople, or modern-day Istanbul).

The style is characterized by round arches, vaults and domes, brick and stucco surfaces, symbolic ornamentation, and the use of decorative mosaics. It was developed primarily in Imperial Russia and Eastern Europe, where it evolved a long way from Sophia Cathedral of 1782 to Alexander Nevsky Cathedral in Sofia of 1882. It was popularized in Russia by Konstantin Ton, who combined it with Neoclassical and Russian Revival stylistic elements at will.

Notable American examples include many buildings on the campus of Rice University in Texas, the Throne Room of the Neuschwanstein Castle which is modelled after Hagia Sophia, St. Francis de Sales Church in Philadelphia, Cathedral Basilica of St. Louis and the Basilica of the National Shrine of the Immaculate Conception built between 1920 and 1959 in Washington, D.C. In the early 1980s, famed American architect Philip Johnson designed a Post-Modernist addition to the Cleveland Play House that reflects Byzantine influences, and could thus be termed Neo-Byzantine.

In the United States and elsewhere, the Neo-Byzantine style is often seen in vernacular amalgamations with other Medieval revivalist styles such as Romanesque and Gothic, or even with the Mission Revival or Spanish Colonial Revival styles.

From about 1850 to 1880 in the English city of Bristol a related style known as Bristol Byzantine was popular for industrial buildings which combined elements of the Byzantine style with Moorish architecture.

Contents 1 Notable Neo-Byzantine churches 1.1 Europe 1.2 United States 2 Notable Neo-Byzantine synagogues 3 See also 4 Gallery

[edit] Notable Neo-Byzantine churches

[edit] Europe

• Greek Orthodox Church of St Nicholas, Liverpool, England

[edit] United States

• Basilica of the National Shrine of the Immaculate Conception
• Stanford University Chapel
• Columbia University Chapel

[edit] Notable Neo-Byzantine synagogues

• Congregation Beth Israel of Portland, Oregon‎

[edit] See also

• Bristol Byzantine

[edit] Gallery

The Neo-Byzantine façade of Westminster Cathedral, London	New Athos Monastery in Abkhazia.	Interior of St. Vladimir's Cathedral in Kiev	Naval Cathedral in Kronstadt.
St. Mark's Church, Belgrade.	Church of St. Gabriel the Archangel, Belgrade	Temple of Holy Trinity and St. Spiridio, Trieste	Painting of the Neuschwanstein Castle Throne Room.
Outside View of the Cathedral Basilica of St. Louis.	The interior of the Cathedral Basilica of St. Louis	A mosaic of St. Isaac Jogues in Cathedral Basilica of St. Louis.	A mosaic of St. Rose Philippine Duchesne in Cathedral Basilica of St. Louis.
All Saints Chapel by Louis Comfort Tiffany in the Cathedral Basilica of St. Louis.	A mosiac of Mother Cabrini in Cathedral Basilica of St. Louis.	Exterior view of the Basilica of the National Shrine of the Immaculate Conception in Washington, DC, USA, taken from "Mary's Garden" situated to the Northwest of the Shrine.	Interior of Basilica of the National Shrine of the Immaculate Conception, showing the main dome (note the main dome is still without its planned mosaic art).
==Notable Neo-Byzantine churches==	===United States===	==Notable Neo-byzantine synagogues==

v • d • e Revival styles in 19th-century architecture and decorative arts Neo-Classicism Directoire · Empire · Regency · Egyptian Revival · Greek Revival and Neo-Grec Neo-Romanesque and Byzantine Revival Richardsonian Romanesque · Neo-Byzantine · Russo-Byzantine · Muscovite Revival Gothic Revival Carpenter Gothic · Scottish Baronial · Tudorbethan · Moorish Revival · Indo-Saracenic Neo-Renaissance Italianate · Second Empire · Châteauesque · Jacobethan Neo-Baroque and 18th century Beaux-Arts · Edwardian Baroque · Queen Anne · Georgian Revival · Colonial Revival

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