Myrtle Avenue Line (surface)

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The Myrtle Avenue Line is a surface transit line on Myrtle Avenue in Brooklyn, New York City, United States. It was the first streetcar line in Brooklyn, built by the Brooklyn City Railroad, and is now the B54 Myrtle Avenue bus route, operated by the New York City Transit Authority.

[edit] B54 bus

The B54 bus route begins at a loop east of Borough Hall, with a transfer to the subway at Jay Street–Borough Hall, Nevins Street,^[1] DeKalb Avenue, and Lawrence Street–MetroTech.^[2] Almost the entire route is on Myrtle Avenue; the east end is at a loop at the Myrtle–Wyckoff Avenues subway station. Along the way, transfers can be made to the subway at Myrtle–Willoughby Avenues (IND Crosstown Line) and Myrtle Avenue (BMT Jamaica Line).^[3]

[edit] History

The Brooklyn City Railroad opened its first line - the Myrtle Avenue Line - on July 3, 1854.^[4][5][6][7] The initial line began at Fulton Ferry, and ran southeast on Fulton Street and east on Myrtle Avenue to a tempoary terminus at Marcy Avenue. Construction to Broadway (then Division Avenue) at Bushwick was completed in December 1854.^[8][9][10]

In August 1879, the City Railroad extended its Myrtle Avenue Line one block east from Broadway to Bushwick Avenue, and acquired trackage rights over the Bushwick Railroad's Bushwick Avenue Line (which used Myrtle Avenue east of Bushwick Avenue) to Myrtle Avenue Park in Ridgewood, Queens. At Ridgewood, connections could be made to the Cypress Hills Line and soon the Lutheran Line, two steam dummy lines to local cemeteries.^[11] The City Railroad leased the Bushwick Railroad, which included these cemetery lines, on July 27, 1888.^[12]

Myrtle Avenue horse cars were replaced with electric trolleys in mid-1893.^[13] The line was one of the four extended over the Brooklyn Bridge to Park Row in Lower Manhattan on February 15, 1898, preceded by only the Graham Avenue Line.^[14] Cars reached the bridge by turning off Myrtle Avenue onto Washington Street, on trackage originally built for the DeKalb Avenue Line, and turning into Sands Street on trackage from the Graham Avenue Line to the bridge.^[15] The Myrtle Avenue Line was also one of the seven moved to the new structure through the Sands Street elevated station, on the Brooklyn side of the bridge, on September 28, 1908; cars returned to the old route along Myrtle Avenue and Fulton Street to the split for the new structure at Tillary Street.^[16][17]

After this elevated structure was removed in 1944,^[18] the Myrtle Avenue Line was combined with the Court Street Line, which had also used this structure, to form the Myrtle Avenue and Court Street Line. This new route began at Court Street and Hamilton Avenue in Gowanus, and ran north on Court Street to Borough Hall and east on Myrtle Avenue to Ridgewood. Trolleys were replaced by buses in the late 1940s, and the route was split into the B54 on Myrtle Avenue and the B66 on Court Street.^[19] (The B66 is now part of the B75.)

The Myrtle Avenue Line, under the Myrtle Avenue Elevated for its entire length since 1889,^[20][21] became more important on October 4, 1969, when the elevated was abandoned west of Broadway.^[22] A special transfer was given to the B54 between the Jay Street–Borough Hall and Broadway–Myrtle Avenue subway stations, allowing travelers who had used the Myrtle Avenue Elevated to make the connection via the bus.^[23]

The Myrtle-Culver Line was a summer-only service connecting Ridgewood with Coney Island. It ran west on Myrtle Avenue from Ridgewood to Vanderbilt Avenue, and turned south there, using the Vanderbilt Avenue Line and Culver Line trackage to Coney Island.^[15]

[edit] See also

• Brooklyn Bridge trolleys
• Myrtle Avenue Line (elevated)
• Greenpoint Line, which used the Myrtle Avenue trackage west of Classon Avenue
• Ralph and Myrtle Avenues Line, a combination of the Myrtle Avenue and Ralph Avenue Lines

[edit] References