Myelophthisis
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| Myelophthisis Classification and external resources |
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| ICD-9 | 284.2 |
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| eMedicine | med/1562 |
| MeSH | D000750 |
Myelophthisis is a severe kind of anemia found in some people with diseases that affect the bone marrow. Myelophythisis refers to the displacement of hemopoietic bone-marrow tissue into the peripheral blood, either by fibrosis, tumors or granulomas. This condition is also known as Myelophthisic anemia.
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[edit] Causes
Myelophythisis can occur in acute megakaryoblastic leukemia, lymphoma, and myeloma or metastatic carcinoma. It is common in people who have myelofibrosis of the bone marrow, and it has been linked to small-cell lung cancer, breast cancer or prostate cancer that metastasizes to the bone marrow.[1]
[edit] Diagnosis
Myelophthisis is diagnosed by looking at a small sample of blood under a microscope. A myelophthisic blood smear is one which contains nucleated red blood cells, granulocyte precursors, and teardrop-shaped erythrocytes.
Myelophthisis was originally used to describe a peripheral blood smear that showed immature leukocytes, nucleated erythrocytes, large megakaryocyte fragments and tearshaped erythrocytes.
[edit] Treatment
Treatment of this disorder involves treatment of the underlying cancer.[2] [3]
Historically, the most common displacement of the healthy bone marrow was from tuberculosis.[citation needed] There may be evidence of extramedullary hematopoiesis (marrow elements can be found in the spleen, liver).
[edit] Etiology
Myelophthisis is thought to be related to the release of cytokines that simulate fibroblastic proliferation and fibrosis in the marrow.[4]
[edit] References
- ^ American Society of hematology self-assessment program, second edition, 2005, page 82.
- ^ American Society of hematology self-assessment program, second edition, 2005, page 82.
- ^ Myelophthisic Anemia: Anemias Caused by Deficient Erythropoiesis: Merck Manual Professional. Retrieved on 2008-03-08.
- ^ American Society of hematology self-assessment program, second edition, 2005, page 82.
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