Myd88

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Myeloid differentiation primary response gene (88)
Identifiers
Symbol(s) MYD88;
External IDs OMIM: 602170 MGI: 108005 HomoloGene: 1849
RNA expression pattern

More reference expression data
Orthologs
Human Mouse
Entrez 4615 17874
Ensembl ENSG00000172936 ENSMUSG00000032508
Uniprot Q99836 Q0PM15
Refseq NM_002468 (mRNA)
NP_002459 (protein)		 NM_010851 (mRNA)
NP_034981 (protein)
Location Chr 3: 38.16 - 38.16 Mb Chr 9: 119.18 - 119.19 Mb
Pubmed search [1] [2]

Myeloid differentiation primary response gene (88) (MYD88) is a universal adapter protein as it is used by all TLRs (except TLR 3) to activate transcription factor Nfkappa B. Mal is necessary to recruit Myd88 to TLR 2 and TLR 4. TLRs can use Myd88 dependent and independent pathways. MYD88 is also its human gene.[1]

Signaling pathway of toll-like receptors. Dashed grey lines represent unknown associations
Signaling pathway of toll-like receptors. Dashed grey lines represent unknown associations

Contents

[edit] History

MyD88 was originally discovered and cloned by Drs Dan A Liebermann& Barbara Hoffman as "Myeloid Differentiation primary response gene 88". [2]

MAL was found by Katherine Fitzgerald et al.[3]

[edit] References

  1. ^ Entrez Gene: MYD88 Myeloid differentiation primary response gene (88).
  2. ^ Lord KA, Hoffman-Liebermann B, Liebermann DA (1990). "Nucleotide sequence and expression of a cDNA encoding MyD88, a novel myeloid differentiation primary response gene induced by IL6". Oncogene 5 (7): 1095–7. PMID 2374694. 
  3. ^ Fitzgerald KA, Palsson-McDermott EM, Bowie AG et al (2001). "Mal (MyD88-adapter-like) is required for Toll-like receptor-4 signal transduction". Nature 413 (6851): 78–83. doi:10.1038/35092578. PMID 11544529. 

[edit] Further reading

  • Hardiman G, Rock FL, Balasubramanian S, et al. (1997). "Molecular characterization and modular analysis of human MyD88.". Oncogene 13 (11): 2467–75. PMID 8957090. 
  • Bonnert TP, Garka KE, Parnet P, et al. (1997). "The cloning and characterization of human MyD88: a member of an IL-1 receptor related family.". FEBS Lett. 402 (1): 81–4. PMID 9013863. 
  • Hardiman G, Jenkins NA, Copeland NG, et al. (1998). "Genetic structure and chromosomal mapping of MyD88.". Genomics 45 (2): 332–9. doi:10.1006/geno.1997.4940. PMID 9344657. 
  • Muzio M, Ni J, Feng P, Dixit VM (1997). "IRAK (Pelle) family member IRAK-2 and MyD88 as proximal mediators of IL-1 signaling.". Science 278 (5343): 1612–5. PMID 9374458. 
  • Jaunin F, Burns K, Tschopp J, et al. (1998). "Ultrastructural distribution of the death-domain-containing MyD88 protein in HeLa cells.". Exp. Cell Res. 243 (1): 67–75. doi:10.1006/excr.1998.4131. PMID 9716450. 
  • Wesche H, Gao X, Li X, et al. (1999). "IRAK-M is a novel member of the Pelle/interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase (IRAK) family.". J. Biol. Chem. 274 (27): 19403–10. PMID 10383454. 
  • Burns K, Clatworthy J, Martin L, et al. (2000). "Tollip, a new component of the IL-1RI pathway, links IRAK to the IL-1 receptor.". Nat. Cell Biol. 2 (6): 346–51. doi:10.1038/35014038. PMID 10854325. 
  • Aliprantis AO, Yang RB, Weiss DS, et al. (2000). "The apoptotic signaling pathway activated by Toll-like receptor-2.". EMBO J. 19 (13): 3325–36. doi:10.1093/emboj/19.13.3325. PMID 10880445. 
  • Rhee SH, Hwang D (2000). "Murine TOLL-like receptor 4 confers lipopolysaccharide responsiveness as determined by activation of NF kappa B and expression of the inducible cyclooxygenase.". J. Biol. Chem. 275 (44): 34035–40. doi:10.1074/jbc.M007386200. PMID 10952994. 
  • Fitzgerald KA, Palsson-McDermott EM, Bowie AG, et al. (2001). "Mal (MyD88-adapter-like) is required for Toll-like receptor-4 signal transduction.". Nature 413 (6851): 78–83. doi:10.1038/35092578. PMID 11544529. 
  • Tauszig-Delamasure S, Bilak H, Capovilla M, et al. (2002). "Drosophila MyD88 is required for the response to fungal and Gram-positive bacterial infections.". Nat. Immunol. 3 (1): 91–7. doi:10.1038/ni747. PMID 11743586. 
  • Bannerman DD, Tupper JC, Kelly JD, et al. (2002). "The Fas-associated death domain protein suppresses activation of NF-kappa B by LPS and IL-1 beta.". J. Clin. Invest. 109 (3): 419–25. PMID 11828002. 
  • Tamai R, Sakuta T, Matsushita K, et al. (2002). "Human gingival CD14(+) fibroblasts primed with gamma interferon increase production of interleukin-8 in response to lipopolysaccharide through up-regulation of membrane CD14 and MyD88 mRNA expression.". Infect. Immun. 70 (3): 1272–8. PMID 11854210. 
  • Radons J, Gabler S, Wesche H, et al. (2002). "Identification of essential regions in the cytoplasmic tail of interleukin-1 receptor accessory protein critical for interleukin-1 signaling.". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (19): 16456–63. doi:10.1074/jbc.M201000200. PMID 11880380. 
  • Janssens S, Burns K, Tschopp J, Beyaert R (2002). "Regulation of interleukin-1- and lipopolysaccharide-induced NF-kappaB activation by alternative splicing of MyD88.". Curr. Biol. 12 (6): 467–71. PMID 11909531. 
  • Li S, Strelow A, Fontana EJ, Wesche H (2002). "IRAK-4: a novel member of the IRAK family with the properties of an IRAK-kinase.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (8): 5567–72. doi:10.1073/pnas.082100399. PMID 11960013. 
  • Medvedev AE, Lentschat A, Wahl LM, et al. (2002). "Dysregulation of LPS-induced Toll-like receptor 4-MyD88 complex formation and IL-1 receptor-associated kinase 1 activation in endotoxin-tolerant cells.". J. Immunol. 169 (9): 5209–16. PMID 12391239. 
  • Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMID 12477932. 
  • Raschi E, Testoni C, Bosisio D, et al. (2003). "Role of the MyD88 transduction signaling pathway in endothelial activation by antiphospholipid antibodies.". Blood 101 (9): 3495–500. doi:10.1182/blood-2002-08-2349. PMID 12531807. 
  • Doyle SE, O'Connell R, Vaidya SA, et al. (2003). "Toll-like receptor 3 mediates a more potent antiviral response than Toll-like receptor 4.". J. Immunol. 170 (7): 3565–71. PMID 12646618. 

[edit] External links

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Cell signaling: carrier proteins: adaptor proteins
STAT
Interferon regulatory factors
Growth factor receptor-bound protein
other
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