Mutare
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| Mutare | |||
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| Nickname: Gateway to the Eastern Highlands, Zimbabwe's Gateway to the Sea | |||
| Motto: Justice and Freedom | |||
  Mutare
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| Coordinates: | |||
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| Country | Zimbabwe | ||
| Province | Manicaland | ||
| District | Mutare | ||
| Founded | 1897 | ||
| Government | |||
| - Mayor | Misheck Kagurabadza | ||
| Population (2002) | |||
| - Total | 189,000 | ||
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| Time zone | CET (UTC+1) | ||
| - Summer (DST) | CEST (UTC+1) | ||
| 263 | |||
Mutare (known as Umtali until 1982) is the fourth largest city in Zimbabwe, with a population of approximately 189,000. It is the capital of Manicaland province.
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[edit] History
Mutare was founded in 1897 as a fort, about 8 km from the border with Mozambique, and is just 290 km from the Mozambican port of Beira, earning Mutare the title of "Zimbabwe's Gateway to the Sea". It is sometimes also called "Gateway to the Eastern Highlands". There is a border railway station on the railway line from Harare to Beira with a railways mechanical work shop.
The area was the site of Chief Mutasa's kraal. In 1890 A.R. Coquhoun was given concessionary rights and Fort Umtali (the fort later became Mutare) was established between the Tsambe and Mutare Rivers. The word mutare means "a piece of metal". The name was probably given to the river as a result of gold being discovered in the Penhalonga valley through which the Mutare River runs. In 1891 the location was moved to a site now known as Old Mutare, about 14 km north of the city centre. In 1896 the construction of the railway between Beira and Bulawayo led to the town being moved a third time so that it was closer to the railway line - compensation was paid by the British South Africa Company to the townspeople for the cost of moving. The town was proclaimed a municipality in 1914 and in 1971 it was granted city status. The name was officially changed from Umtali to Mutare (its original native name) in 1982.
The view from the top of Christmas Pass down onto Mutare is breathtaking.
[edit] Location
The town lies north of the Bvumba Mountains and south of the Imbeza Valley. It is home to the Mutare Museum, the Utopia House Museum dedicated to Kingsley Fairbridge, the National Gallery of Zimbabwe, Murahwa Hill, known for its rock paintings and Iron Age village, Cross Kopje with a memorial to Zimbabweans and Mozambiqueans killed in World War I and a nature reserve. It is also home to the Africa University, a pan-African university of about 1,200 students.
Mutare is served by rail with daily passenger and freight links to the towns of Nyazura, Rusape and Harare.
[edit] Population
The population is predominantly Shona. According to the 1982 Population Census, the city had a population of 69,621.
[edit] Economy
The main activities of the area are citrus farming, mining, agriculture and cattle ranching. Two of the largest food producers in Zimbabwe, Cairns Foods and Tanganda Tea, have their headquarters in Mutare.
Over the past few years the city has suffered tremendously as a result of the extensive collapse of the country's economy.
[edit] Famous residents
The British author C.W.Mercer, who wrote under the pen name Dornford Yates lived near the town from 1948 until his death in 1960.
[edit] Sister cities
Haarlem, Netherlands
Portland, USA (since 1991)
[edit] See also
[edit] External links
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