Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr
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Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr (Arabic: محمد بن أبي بكر) (631–658) was the son of the first Sunni caliph, Abu Bakr and Asma bint Umais. He became Ali's adopted son and one of his supporters.
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[edit] Life
When Abu Bakr died, Asma bint Umais married Ali ibn Abi Talib (Muhammad's cousin and son-in-law). Ali adopted Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr, who later became one of his staunchest supporters and one of the early Shi'a.
Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr had a son named, Qasim ibn Muhammad (not to be confused with the Islamic prophet Muhammad's son Qasim ibn Muhammad). The mother of the sixth Shi’ah Imam, Ja'far Al-Sadiq, was the daughter of Qasim ibn Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr.
After the Battle of Siffin, Ali ibn Abi Talib appointed Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr as the Governor of Egypt, then a newly conquered province of the Islamic empire. In 658 CE (38 A.H.), Muawiyah I sent his general Amr ibn al-As and six thousand soldiers against Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr. Muhammad asked Ali ibn Abi Talib for help. Ali is said to have instructed his foster son to hand the governorship over to his best general and childhood friend, Malik ibn Ashter, whom he judged better capable of resisting Amr ibn al-As. However, Malik died on his way to Egypt. Shi’ahs and Wilferd Madelung believe that Malik was poisoned by Muawiyah I.
Ibn Abi Bakr was easily defeated by Amr. Amr's soldiers were ordered to capture him and bring him, alive, to Muawiyah I. However, a soldier named, Muawiya ibn Hudayj, is said to have quarreled with the prisoner and killed him out of hand. Ibn Hudayj was so incensed at Ibn Abi Bakr that he put his body into the skin of a dead donkey and burned both corpses together, so that nothing should survive of his enemy The Succession to Muhammad pp. 268. However, Shi'a accounts say that the Muawiyah I who later became caliph was the actual killer of Ibn Abi Bakr Middle East & Africa to 1875632–661.
[edit] Sunni view
Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr was a pious Muslim who supported the first Shi'a Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib. He had spent considerable time in Egypt and was part of the delegation that complained about the activities of the governor of Egypt to the third Caliph Uthman ibn Affan. The Caliph promised to immediately dismiss the Egyptian governor and replace him with Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr. However, after sensing betrayal from Uthman against the Muslim petitioners from Egypt, ibn Abi Bakr rushed back with the petitioners to Madinah where he initially took part in the uprising against Uthman and was involved in the Siege of Uthman.
[edit] Shi'a view
The Shi'a praise this young man for his devotion to `Ali and his resistance to a caliph the Shi'a believe to be a tyrant. Though his father Abu Bakr and his sister Aisha were considered enemies of `Ali by Shi'a, Ibn Abi Bakr was faithful to his stepfather.
According to a Shi’a book:
- `Ali loved Muhammad Ibn Abi Bakr as his own son and his death was felt as another terrible shock. `Ali prayed for him, and invoked God's blessings and mercy upon his soul. [1].
[edit] See also
[edit] References
also:
[edit] External links
- Biography
- http://www.livingislam.org/n/shb_e.html - "Nevertheless, he brought in those who killed [Uthman]!"
- http://www.hermetic.com/sabazius/mohammed.htm -Uthman became quite unpopular, and he was murdered by insurgents lead by the son of Abu Bakr, Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr, in 656 e.v
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