Talk:MPEG-2

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This is the talk page for discussing improvements to the MPEG-2 article.
Article policies

Contents

[edit] Patents

When do the patents expire? Great job on the list of patent holders, but does anyone have the list of actual For Part 1 and 2 you can look into the ITU-T Patent Database, since they both parts are common texts. They are known in the ITU-T side as H.222.0 and H.262, respectively. Here is the URL for the database:

http://itu.int/ITU-T/dbase/patent

2020s. US 7,020,204 doesn't expire until at least 2021. There is now a list of US patents in the article, so feel free to check more closely. Jrincayc (talk) 15:32, 1 June 2008 (UTC)

Okay, using this program:

#!/usr/bin/env python
import sys
 
# If filed before June 8, 1995, 17 years from grant date or 20 years from filing date
#After June 8, 1995, 20 years from grant date.
#If a reissued patent, Use original patent date, not final date.
 
month_names = ['', 'January', 'February', 'March', 'April', 'May', 'June', 'July', 'August', 'September', 'October', 'November', 'December']
mon_names = [name[:3] for name in month_names]
 
def fix_date(date):
    month,day,year = date
    month = mon_names.index(month[:3])
    return [int(year),month,int(day.strip(","))]
 
def get_expiration_date(file_date,grant_date):
    file_plus = file_date[:]
    file_plus[0] += 20
    if file_date > [1995,6,8]:
        return file_plus
    grant_plus = grant_date[:]
    grant_plus[0] += 17
    return max(file_plus,grant_plus)
 
filename = sys.argv[1]
 
for line in open(filename).readlines():
    if "Expired" in line: 
        pass
    elif " US " in line: 
        first,summary,last = line.split("--")
        patent = first.replace("*","").strip()
        last_list = last.split()
        filed = last_list[1:4]
        granted = last_list[5:8]
        if "Reissue" in last_list:
            r_index = last_list.index("Reissue")
            orig_patent = last_list[r_index+2]
            orig_filed = last_list[r_index+4:r_index+6]
            orig_filed[1:1] = ["32"]
            orig_granted = last_list[r_index+7:r_index+9]
            orig_granted[1:1] = ["32"]
        else:
            orig_filed = filed
            orig_granted = granted
        forig_filed = fix_date(orig_filed)
        forig_granted = fix_date(orig_granted)
        eyear,emonth,eday = get_expiration_date(forig_filed,forig_granted)
        #print patent,summary,get_expiration_date(forig_filed,forig_granted),filed,granted,orig_filed,orig_granted,last_list
        print "#",eyear,"%02d" % emonth,line[2:-1],"Expires ",month_names[emonth],str(eday)+",",eyear
    else:
        pass

piped through sort -n got the following list so the answer is July 2023, unless some of the patents don't count Jrincayc (talk) 03:40, 6 June 2008 (UTC):


  1. 2008 05 US 4,864,393 -- Motion vector estimation in television images -- Filed: May 31, 1988 Granted: September 5, 1989 [1] Expires May 31, 2008
  2. 2008 07 US 4,972,484 -- Method of transmitting or storing masked sub-band coded audio signals -- Filed: July 21, 1988 Granted: November 20, 1990 [2] Expires July 21, 2008
  3. 2009 02 US 4,982,270 -- Video data transmitting system -- Filed: February 3, 1989 Granted: January 1, 1991 [3] Expires February 3, 2009
  4. 2009 07 US 5,128,758 -- Method and apparatus for digitally processing a high definition television augmentation signal -- Filed: June 2, 1989 Granted: July 7, 1992 [4] Expires July 7, 2009
  5. 2009 09 US 5,027,206 -- High-definition television systems -- Filed: September 13, 1989 Granted: June 25, 1991 [5] Expires September 13, 2009
  6. 2009 10 US 4,954,892 -- Buffer controlled picture signal encoding and decoding system -- Filed: October 4, 1989 Granted: September 4, 1990 [6] Expires October 4, 2009
  7. 2009 12 US 4,970,590 -- System and device for package multiplexing in transmission of many data flows generated by a sole algorithm -- Filed: December 21, 1989 Granted: November 13, 1990 [7] Expires December 21, 2009
  8. 2010 01 US Re 34,965 -- Inter-frame predictive encoding system with encoded and transmitted prediction error -- Filed: January 14, 1993 Granted: June 13, 1995 [8] Reissue of 04985768 Filed: Jan., 1990 Granted: Jan., 1991 Expires January 32, 2010
  9. 2010 04 US 5,091,782 -- Apparatus and method for adaptively compressing successive blocks of digital video -- Filed: April 9, 1990 Granted: February 25, 1992 [9] Expires April 9, 2010
  10. 2010 04 US Re 35,158 -- Apparatus for adaptive inter-frame predictive encoding of video signal -- Filed: December 28, 1992 Granted: February 20, 1996 [10] Reissue of 04982285 Filed: Apr., 1990 Granted: Jan., 1991 Expires April 32, 2010
  11. 2010 05 US 5,214,678 -- Digital transmission system using subband coding of a digital signal -- Filed: May 31, 1990 Granted: May 25, 1993 [11] Expires May 31, 2010
  12. 2010 05 US Re 35,910 -- Moving image signal encoding apparatus and decoding apparatus -- Filed: May 12, 1994 Granted: September 29, 1998 [12] Reissue of 05113255 Filed: May., 1990 Granted: May., 1992 Expires May 32, 2010
  13. 2010 06 US 5,068,724 -- Adaptive motion compensation for digital television -- Filed: June 15, 1990 Granted: November 26, 1991 [13] Expires June 15, 2010
  14. 2010 08 US 5,072,295 -- Adaptive quantization coder/decoder with limiter circuitry -- Filed: August 20, 1990 Granted: December 10, 1991 [14] Expires August 20, 2010
  15. 2010 08 US 5,093,720 -- Motion compensation for interlaced digital television signals -- Filed: August 20, 1990 Granted: March 3, 1992 [15] Expires August 20, 2010
  16. 2010 09 US 5,021,879 -- System for transmitting video pictures -- Filed: September 24, 1990 Granted: June 4, 1991 [16] Expires September 24, 2010
  17. 2010 10 US 5,214,742 -- Method for transmitting a signal -- Filed: October 1, 1990 Granted: May 25, 1993 [17] Expires October 1, 2010
  18. 2010 10 US Re 37,222 -- Video signal transmitting system -- Filed: July 19, 1994 Granted: June 12, 2001 [18] Reissue of 05132792 Filed: Oct., 1990 Granted: Jul., 1992 Expires October 32, 2010
  19. 2010 11 US 5,179,442 -- Method and apparatus for digitally processing a high definition television augmentation signal -- Filed: November 26, 1990 Granted: January 12, 1993 [19] Expires November 26, 2010
  20. 2010 11 US 5,235,618 -- Video signal coding apparatus, coding method used in the video signal coding apparatus and video signal coding transmission system having the video signal coding apparatus -- Filed: November 6, 1990 Granted: August 10, 1993 [20] Expires November 6, 2010
  21. 2010 12 US Re 35,093 -- Systems and methods for coding even fields of interlaced video sequences -- Filed: December 9, 1994 Granted: November 21, 1995 [21] Reissue of 05193004 Filed: Dec., 1990 Granted: Mar., 1993 Expires December 32, 2010
  22. 2011 01 US 5,103,307 -- Interframe predictive coding/decoding system for varying interval between independent frames -- Filed: January 18, 1991 Granted: April 7, 1992 [22] Expires January 18, 2011
  23. 2011 04 US 5,191,436 -- Method for recording coded motion picture data -- Filed: April 30, 1991 Granted: March 2, 1993 [23] Expires April 30, 2011
  24. 2011 04 US 5,268,846 -- Method and apparatus for nonsequential multimedia data interchange in a data processing system -- Filed: April 10, 1991 Granted: December 7, 1993 [24] Expires April 10, 2011
  25. 2011 07 US 5,291,284 -- Predictive coding and decoding with error drift reduction -- Filed: July 23, 1991 Granted: March 1, 1994 [25] Expires July 23, 2011
  26. 2011 10 US 5,175,618 -- Compression method for interlace moving image signals -- Filed: October 30, 1991 Granted: December 29, 1992 [26] Expires October 30, 2011
  27. 2012 01 US 5,227,990 -- Process for transmitting and receiving a signal -- Filed: January 17, 1992 Granted: July 13, 1993 [27] Expires January 17, 2012
  28. 2012 03 US Re 36,015 -- Apparatus and method for processing groups of fields in a video data compression system -- Filed: October 2, 1995 Granted: December 29, 1998 [28] Reissue of 05293229 Filed: Mar., 1992 Granted: Mar., 1994 Expires March 32, 2012
  29. 2012 03 US Re 36,507 -- Apparatus and method for processing groups of fields in a video data compression system to encode a single frame as an I-field and a P-field -- Filed: October 21, 1997 Granted: January 18, 2000 [29] Reissue of 05293229 Filed: Mar., 1992 Granted: Mar., 1994 Expires March 32, 2012
  30. 2012 04 US 5,223,949 -- Coding means for a signal processing system -- Filed: April 17, 1992 Granted: June 29, 1993 [30] Expires April 17, 2012
  31. 2012 05 US 5,317,397 -- Predictive coding using spatial-temporal filtering and plural motion vectors -- Filed: May 29, 1992 Granted: May 31, 1994 [31] Expires May 29, 2012
  32. 2012 06 US 5,289,276 -- Method and apparatus for conveying compressed video data over a noisy communication channel -- Filed: June 19, 1992 Granted: February 22, 1994 [32] Expires June 19, 2012
  33. 2012 07 US 5,298,991 -- Variable length coding apparatus and method for motion vector -- Filed: July 24, 1992 Granted: March 29, 1994 [33] Expires July 24, 2012
  34. 2012 07 US 5,343,248 -- Moving image compressing and recording medium and moving image data encoder and decoder -- Filed: July 16, 1992 Granted: August 30, 1994 [34] Expires July 16, 2012
  35. 2012 08 US 5,291,486 -- Data multiplexing apparatus and multiplexed data demultiplexing apparatus -- Filed: August 7, 1992 Granted: March 1, 1994 [35] Expires August 7, 2012
  36. 2012 08 US 5,384,811 -- Method for the transmission of a signal -- Filed: August 24, 1992 Granted: January 24, 1995 [36] Expires August 24, 2012
  37. 2012 12 US 5,323,396 -- Digital transmission system, transmitter and receiver for use in the transmission system -- Filed: December 21, 1992 Granted: June 21, 1994 [37] Expires December 21, 2012
  38. 2013 02 US 5,333,135 -- Identification of a data stream transmitted as a sequence of packets -- Filed: February 1, 1993 Granted: July 26, 1994 [38] Expires February 1, 2013
  39. 2013 02 US 5,491,516 -- Field elimination apparatus for a video compression/decompression system -- Filed: January 14, 1993 Granted: February 13, 1996 [39] Expires February 13, 2013
  40. 2013 03 US 5,453,790 -- Video decoder having asynchronous operation with respect to a video display -- Filed: March 26, 1993 Granted: September 26, 1995 [40] Expires March 26, 2013
  41. 2013 04 US 5,321,729 -- Method for transmitting a signal -- Filed: April 26, 1993 Granted: June 14, 1994 [41] Expires April 26, 2013
  42. 2013 04 US 5,442,400 -- Error concealment apparatus for MPEG-like video data -- Filed: April 29, 1993 Granted: August 15, 1995 [42] Expires April 29, 2013
  43. 2013 04 US 5,455,833 -- Process for the detecting of errors in the transmission of frequency-coded digital signals -- Filed: April 26, 1993 Granted: October 3, 1995 [43] Expires April 26, 2013
  44. 2013 05 US 5,381,181 -- Clock recovery apparatus as for a compressed video signal -- Filed: May 13, 1993 Granted: January 10, 1995 [44] Expires May 13, 2013
  45. 2013 05 US 5,486,864 -- Differential time code method and apparatus as for a compressed video signal -- Filed: May 13, 1993 Granted: January 23, 1996 [45] Expires May 13, 2013
  46. 2013 06 US 5,467,086 -- Apparatus and method of coding/decoding video data -- Filed: June 18, 1993 Granted: November 14, 1995 [46] Expires June 18, 2013
  47. 2013 07 US 5,365,272 -- Method for formatting compressed video data into transport cells -- Filed: July 2, 1993 Granted: November 15, 1994 [47] Expires July 2, 2013
  48. 2013 08 US 5,341,457 -- Perceptual coding of audio signals -- Filed: August 20, 1993 Granted: August 23, 1994 [48] Expires August 20, 2013
  49. 2013 09 US 5,461,420 -- Apparatus for coding and decoding a digital video signal derived from a motion picture film source -- Filed: September 17, 1993 Granted: October 24, 1995 [49] Expires September 17, 2013
  50. 2013 09 US 5,559,557 -- Motion video coding with adaptive precision for DC component coefficient quantization and variable length coding -- Filed: September 28, 1993 Granted: September 24, 1996 [50] Expires September 28, 2013
  51. 2013 10 US 5,422,676 -- System for coding an image representative signal -- Filed: October 22, 1993 Granted: June 6, 1995 [51] Expires October 22, 2013
  52. 2013 11 US 5,424,779 -- Video coding apparatus -- Filed: November 24, 1993 Granted: June 13, 1995 [52] Expires November 24, 2013
  53. 2013 11 US 5,461,421 -- Encoding and decoding method and apparatus thereof -- Filed: November 29, 1993 Granted: October 24, 1995 [53] Expires November 29, 2013
  54. 2013 12 US 5,428,396 -- Variable length coding/decoding method for motion vectors -- Filed: December 27, 1993 Granted: June 27, 1995 [54] Expires December 27, 2013
  55. 2013 12 US 5,543,847 -- Picture coding and decoding method for random accessing -- Filed: December 13, 1993 Granted: August 6, 1996 [55] Expires December 13, 2013
  56. 2014 01 US 5,418,782 -- Methods and apparatus for providing virtual service selection in a multi-service communications system -- Filed: January 6, 1994 Granted: May 23, 1995 [56] Expires January 6, 2014
  57. 2014 01 US 5,457,701 -- Method for indicating packet errors in a packet-based multi-hop communications system -- Filed: January 6, 1994 Granted: October 10, 1995 [57] Expires January 6, 2014
  58. 2014 02 US 5,467,136 -- Video decoder for determining a motion vector from a scaled vector and a difference vector -- Filed: February 17, 1994 Granted: November 14, 1995 [58] Expires February 17, 2014
  59. 2014 02 US 5,481,553 -- Methods and apparatus for preventing rounding errors when transform coefficients representing a motion picture signal are inversely transformed -- Filed: February 28, 1994 Granted: January 2, 1996 [59] Expires February 28, 2014
  60. 2014 02 US 5,606,618 -- Subband coded digital transmission system using some composite signals -- Filed: December 27, 1993 Granted: February 25, 1997 [60] Expires February 25, 2014
  61. 2014 03 US 5,420,866 -- Methods for providing conditional access information to decoders in a packet-based multiplexed communications system -- Filed: March 29, 1994 Granted: May 30, 1995 [61] Expires March 29, 2014
  62. 2014 03 US 5,610,985 -- Digital 3-channel transmission of left and right stereo signals and a center signal -- Filed: January 21, 1994 Granted: March 11, 1997 [62] Expires March 11, 2014
  63. 2014 04 US 5,459,789 -- Packet TV program component detector -- Filed: April 22, 1994 Granted: October 17, 1995 [63] Expires April 22, 2014
  64. 2014 04 US 5,559,834 -- Method of reducing crosstalk in processing of acoustic or optical signals -- Filed: April 15, 1994 Granted: September 24, 1996 [64] Expires April 15, 2014
  65. 2014 04 US Re 37,568 -- Inverse Quantizer -- Filed: March 31, 1999 Granted: March 5, 2002 [65] Reissue of 05617094 Filed: Nov., 1993 Granted: Apr., 1997 Expires April 32, 2014
  66. 2014 05 US 5,412,430 -- Image coding method and image coding apparatus -- Filed: May 4, 1994 Granted: May 2, 1995 [66] Expires May 4, 2014
  67. 2014 08 US 5,483,287 -- Method for forming transport cells for conveying compressed video data -- Filed: August 3, 1994 Granted: January 9, 1996 [67] Expires August 3, 2014
  68. 2014 08 US 5,606,539 -- Method and apparatus for encoding and decoding an audio and/or video signal, and a record carrier for use with such apparatus -- Filed: August 31, 1994 Granted: February 25, 1997 [68] Expires August 31, 2014
  69. 2014 09 US 5,539,466 -- Efficient coding apparatus for picture signal and decoding apparatus therefor -- Filed: September 26, 1994 Granted: July 23, 1996 [69] Expires September 26, 2014
  70. 2014 09 US 5,663,763 -- Picture signal encoding method and apparatus and picture signal decoding method and apparatus -- Filed: October 18, 1993 Granted: September 2, 1997 [70] Expires September 2, 2014
  71. 2014 09 US RE39,080 -- Rate loop processor for perceptual encoder/decoder -- Filed: August 13, 2002 Granted: April 25, 2006 [71] Reissue of 05627938 Filed: Sep., 1994 Granted: May., 1997 Expires September 32, 2014
  72. 2014 10 US 5,426,464 -- Field elimination apparatus for a video compression/decompression system -- Filed: October 18, 1994 Granted: June 20, 1995 [72] Expires October 18, 2014
  73. 2014 10 US 5,544,247 -- Transmission and reception of a first and a second main signal component -- Filed: October 25, 1994 Granted: August 6, 1996 [73] Expires October 25, 2014
  74. 2014 11 US Re 37,057 -- Apparatus and method for converting an HDTV signal to a non-HDTV signal -- Filed: May 18, 1998 Granted: February 20, 2001 [74] Reissue of 05519446 Filed: Nov., 1994 Granted: May., 1996 Expires November 32, 2014
  75. 2015 01 US 5,579,430 -- Digital encoding process -- Filed: January 26, 1995 Granted: November 26, 1996 [75] Expires January 26, 2015
  76. 2015 03 US 5,600,376 -- Field elimination apparatus for a video compression/decompression system -- Filed: March 20, 1995 Granted: February 4, 1997 [76] Expires March 20, 2015
  77. 2015 04 US 5,481,643 -- Transmitter, receiver and record carrier for transmitting/receiving at least a first and a second signal component -- Filed: April 24, 1995 Granted: January 2, 1996 [77] Expires April 24, 2015
  78. 2015 04 US 5,740,310 -- Method of maintaining display continuity from a CD with slow-motion or freeze capability -- Filed: June 28, 1994 Granted: April 14, 1998 [78] Expires April 14, 2015
  79. 2015 04 US 5,742,735 -- Digital adaptive transformation coding method -- Filed: August 25, 1994 Granted: April 21, 1998 [79] Expires April 21, 2015
  80. 2015 04 US Re 39,276 -- Method for determining motion compensation -- Filed: April 27, 2000 Granted: September 12, 2006 [80] Reissue of 05745182 Filed: Jul., 1994 Granted: Apr., 1998 Expires April 32, 2015
  81. 2015 04 US Re 39,278 -- Method for determining motion compensation -- Filed: April 13, 2001 Granted: September 12, 2006 [81] Reissue of 05745182 Filed: Jul., 1994 Granted: Apr., 1998 Expires April 32, 2015
  82. 2015 04 US Re 39,280 -- Method for determining motion compensation -- Filed: May 30, 2001 Granted: September 12, 2006 [82] Reissue of 05745182 Filed: Jul., 1994 Granted: Apr., 1998 Expires April 32, 2015
  83. 2015 05 US 5,510,840 -- Methods and devices for encoding and decoding frame signals and recording medium therefor -- Filed: May 15, 1995 Granted: April 23, 1996 [83] Expires May 15, 2015
  84. 2015 05 US 5,666,461 -- High efficiency encoding and decoding of picture signals and recording medium containing same -- Filed: May 30, 1995 Granted: September 9, 1997 [84] Expires May 30, 2015
  85. 2015 05 US 5,706,309 -- Process for transmitting and/or storing digital signals of multiple channels -- Filed: May 2, 1995 Granted: January 6, 1998 [85] Expires May 2, 2015
  86. 2015 06 US 5,530,655 -- Digital sub-band transmission system with transmission of an additional signal -- Filed: June 6, 1995 Granted: June 25, 1996 [86] Expires June 6, 2015
  87. 2015 06 US 5,539,829 -- Subband coded digital transmission system using some composite signals -- Filed: June 7, 1995 Granted: July 23, 1996 [87] Expires June 7, 2015
  88. 2015 07 US 5,777,992 -- Decoder for decoding and encoded digital signal and a receiver comprising the decoder -- Filed: June 7, 1995 Granted: July 7, 1998 [88] Expires July 7, 2015
  89. 2015 08 US 5,565,923 -- Apparatus for formatting a digital signal to include multiple time stamps for system synchronization -- Filed: August 22, 1995 Granted: October 15, 1996 [89] Expires August 22, 2015
  90. 2015 08 US 5,740,317 -- Process for finding the overall monitoring threshold during a bit-rate-reducing source coding -- Filed: August 30, 1995 Granted: April 14, 1998 [90] Expires August 30, 2015
  91. 2015 08 US 5,796,743 -- Data word indicator in a system for assembling transport data packets -- Filed: November 30, 1993 Granted: August 18, 1998 [91] Expires August 18, 2015
  92. 2015 08 US 5,991,715 -- Perceptual audio signal subband coding using value classes for successive scale factor differences -- Filed: August 31, 1995 Granted: November 23, 1999 [92] Expires August 31, 2015
  93. 2015 09 US 5,812,672 -- Method for reducing data in the transmission and/or storage of digital signals of several dependent channels -- Filed: December 15, 1994 Granted: September 22, 1998 [93] Expires September 22, 2015
  94. 2016 01 US 5,784,107 -- Method and apparatus for picture coding and method and apparatus for picture decoding -- Filed: January 23, 1996 Granted: July 21, 1998 [94] Expires January 23, 2016
  95. 2016 01 US Re 36,822 -- Moving image signal coding apparatus and coded signal decoding apparatus -- Filed: October 2, 1998 Granted: August 15, 2000 [95] Reissue of 05748784 Filed: Jan., 1996 Granted: May., 1998 Expires January 32, 2016
  96. 2016 03 US 5,608,697 -- Record carrier containing an audio and/or video signal which has been encoded and includes a decoder delay time parameter indicating a time delay for one or more portions of the signal -- Filed: March 18, 1996 Granted: March 4, 1997 [96] Expires March 18, 2016
  97. 2016 04 US 5,742,344 -- Motion compensated video decoding method and system for decoding a coded video signal using spatial and temporal filtering -- Filed: April 3, 1996 Granted: April 21, 1998 [97] Expires April 3, 2016
  98. 2016 05 US 5,736,943 -- Method for determining the type of coding to be selected for coding at least two signals -- Filed: May 31, 1996 Granted: April 7, 1998 [98] Expires May 31, 2016
  99. 2016 05 US 5,784,110 -- Data processor for assembling transport data packets -- Filed: May 23, 1996 Granted: July 21, 1998 [99] Expires May 23, 2016
  100. 2016 09 US 5,701,346 -- Method of coding a plurality of audio signals -- Filed: September 12, 1996 Granted: December 23, 1997 [100] Expires September 12, 2016
  101. 2016 09 US 5,844,867 -- Methods and apparatus for encoding and decoding an audio and/or video signal, and a record carrier used therewith or produced therefrom -- Filed: September 9, 1996 Granted: December 1, 1998 [101] Expires September 9, 2016
  102. 2016 11 US 5,703,999 -- Process for reducing data in the transmission and/or storage of digital signals from several interdependent channels -- Filed: November 18, 1996 Granted: December 30, 1997 [102] Expires November 18, 2016
  103. 2016 11 US 5,982,437 -- Coding method and system, and decoding method and system -- Filed: October 15, 1993 Granted: November 9, 1999 [103] Expires November 9, 2016
  104. 2016 12 US 5,654,706 -- System for variable length decoding digital transmission data which has been compressed by selecting a scanning pattern -- Filed: December 18, 1996 Granted: August 5, 1997 [104] Expires December 18, 2016
  105. 2016 12 US 5,701,164 -- Macroblock coding including difference between motion vectors -- Filed: December 19, 1996 Granted: December 23, 1997 [105] Expires December 19, 2016
  106. 2017 02 US 5,878,080 -- N-channel transmission, compatible with 2-channel transmission and 1-channel transmission -- Filed: February 7, 1997 Granted: March 2, 1999 [106] Expires February 7, 2017
  107. 2017 03 US 5,924,060 -- Digital coding process for transmission or storage of acoustical signals by transforming of scanning values into spectral coefficients -- Filed: March 20, 1997 Granted: July 13, 1999 [107] Expires March 20, 2017
  108. 2017 04 US 5,960,037 -- Encoding of a plurality of information signals -- Filed: April 9, 1997 Granted: September 28, 1999 [108] Expires April 9, 2017
  109. 2017 04 US 6,009,399 -- Method and apparatus for encoding digital signals employing bit allocation using combinations of different threshold models to achieve desired bit rates -- Filed: April 16, 1997 Granted: December 28, 1999 [109] Expires April 16, 2017
  110. 2017 04 US 6,023,490 -- Encoding apparatus for encoding a plurality of information signals -- Filed: April 9, 1997 Granted: February 8, 2000 [110] Expires April 9, 2017
  111. 2017 07 US 5,946,042 -- Macroblock coding including difference between motion vectors -- Filed: July 2, 1997 Granted: August 31, 1999 [111] Expires July 2, 2017
  112. 2017 12 US 6,160,849 -- Selectable field and frame based predictive video coding -- Filed: May 30, 1995 Granted: December 12, 2000 [112] Expires December 12, 2017
  113. 2018 05 US 6,185,539 -- Process of low sampling rate digital encoding of audio signals -- Filed: May 26, 1998 Granted: February 6, 2001 [113] Expires May 26, 2018
  114. 2018 06 US 5,986,713 -- Video coding apparatus using inter-field prediction -- Filed: June 11, 1998 Granted: November 16, 1999 [114] Expires June 11, 2018
  115. 2018 07 US 5,949,489 -- Image signal coding system -- Filed: July 31, 1998 Granted: September 7, 1999 [115] Expires July 31, 2018
  116. 2018 07 US 5,963,258 -- Image signal coding system -- Filed: July 31, 1998 Granted: October 5, 1999 [116] Expires July 31, 2018
  117. 2018 10 US 5,970,175 -- Image signal coding system -- Filed: October 26, 1998 Granted: October 19, 1999 [117] Expires October 26, 2018
  118. 2018 12 US 5,990,960 -- Image signal coding system -- Filed: December 9, 1998 Granted: November 23, 1999 [118] Expires December 9, 2018
  119. 2018 12 US 6,040,863 -- Method of coding and decoding motion vector and apparatus therefor, and method of coding and decoding picture signal and apparatus therefor -- Filed: December 18, 1998 Granted: March 21, 2000 [119] Expires December 18, 2018
  120. 2019 05 US 6,002,439 -- Image signal coding system -- Filed: May 27, 1999 Granted: December 14, 1999 [120] Expires May 27, 2019
  121. 2019 05 US 6,188,794 -- Image signal coding system -- Filed: May 20, 1999 Granted: February 13, 2001 [121] Expires May 20, 2019
  122. 2019 11 US 6,097,759 -- Image signal coding system -- Filed: November 22, 1999 Granted: August 1, 2000 [122] Expires November 22, 2019
  123. 2020 03 US 6,289,308 -- Encoded wideband digital transmission signal and record carrier recorded with such a signal -- Filed: March 8, 2000 Granted: September 11, 2001 [123] Expires March 8, 2020
  124. 2020 11 US 6,680,975 -- Signal encoding and decoding system and method -- Filed: November 2, 2000 Granted: January 20, 2004 [124] Expires November 2, 2020
  125. 2020 12 US 6,307,973 -- Image signal coding system -- Filed: December 4, 2000 Granted: October 23, 2001 [125] Expires December 4, 2020
  126. 2022 02 US 7,020,204 -- Adaptive method of encoding and decoding a series of pictures by transformation, and devices for implementing this method -- Filed: February 8, 2002 Granted: March 28, 2006 [126] Expires February 8, 2022
  127. 2023 07 US 7,292,657 -- Signal compressing signal -- Filed: July 3, 2003 Granted: November 6, 2007 [127] Expires July 3, 2023

[edit] How many seconds of bitrate buffer is allowed in the restriction of MPEG-2 DVD?

In compressing Your materials into MPEG2 format (for DVD), for the best results You should go with VARIABLE 2 PASS compression, where the lowest bitrate shouldn't be under 1.5 Mb/s, and the hightest 8 Mb/s...

There's nothing wrong with going under 1.5Mb/s. Some scenes CANNOT be coded with a bitrate higher than this. Many others will look just fine below this bitrate. Snacky 17:57, 27 May 2006 (UTC)

Although, some aplications will allow You even 12 Mbit/s, and the movie DVD standard bitrate is (not officialy, but "from mouht to mouth") declared maximum 9 Mb/s, You shouldn't go above 8 Mbit/s...

The problem is that players aren't required by the spec to play stuff like this, and many of them won't. If your player plays it, more power to you. The spec (officially) allows a maximum video bitrate of about 9.8mbit/s. Feel free to go above 8mbit/s, as any compliant player will support this with no problem. Read the DVD article. Snacky 17:57, 27 May 2006 (UTC)

So, 8 would be the anwer:), I guess!

PS

Higher bitrates can be as harmful as too low bitrates, 'cause high bitrates can be too demanding for the reading equipment (doesn't matter if You try to watch it from hard disk or from real stand-alone DVD player), you can expect some twitching and trambling...

"maximum bitrate" is only a meaningful in the context of a buffer size, which is 1835 kbits in the case of DVD. In theory, this means local bitrate may actually exceed the allowed max (9800kbit/s) as long as it does so for a period of less than about 0.187 seconds, and as long as it doesn't fill up the 1835 kbit buffer. Snacky 17:57, 27 May 2006 (UTC)

[edit] Improvements to this article

Request made by Daniel.Cardenas on the article page but moved to here.

"Please help improve this article with a more novice introduction. A simple diagram that describes compression would be very helpful. For example compression is achieved thru time bases similarities in the frames and spacial, nearby pixels, similarities."

Maybe this information is elsewhere in Wikipedia in the form of a simple summary (rather than spread out descriptions). AlyM 08:50, 22 April 2006 (UTC)

It think this request works better in the main article. Perhaps as a footer or something. Something like the standard wikipedia text that says this is a stub. The article in in current state is rated poor by me for the average person. It needs much more introductory material. Daniel.Cardenas
Sure, using an appropriate stub-type marker or something would be fine (perhaps {{cleanup}}, {{confusing}} or {{technical}}), but not having a section in the article requesting the change. Article content vs. meta-content or something. AlyM 17:37, 22 April 2006 (UTC)

[edit] Split off "Video coding"

Since almost all modern motion compensated codecs use the same techniques, there should be a separate article about it. And it could start based off of the "Video coding (simplified)" section. That exact section could be copied word-for-word to the much leaner MPEG-1 article, and it'd be equally accurate. Snacky 19:34, 28 May 2006 (UTC)

Definately, a simple and generic video coding article would be better than having the content here. AlyM 15:30, 29 May 2006 (UTC)

[edit] High BitRates

The bit rates in the tables seem to high. For example 80 Mbps for ATSC. I thought it was more like 20 Mbps for high-def 1080i. GregorLarson 18:35, 10 August 2006 (UTC)

You misunderstood the profile & level charts.
80mbps is the highest bitrate allowed by MP@HL. Therefore, any application that needs LESS than this bitrate could conform to MP@HL.
The Applications on the right side column are intended as examples. I edited the column header in hopes of preventing any more confusion. Snacky 18:54, 10 August 2006 (UTC)

The Panasonic MPEG-2-based HD product bitrate is reported at 300Mbit/s. That's too high; a single-layer HD-DVD is 15gB, which would be 15gB × 1024MB/gB × 8Mbit/MB ÷ 300Mbit/s = 409s = 0:6:49, which does not match the 1:42:00 minimum for HD-DVD with MPEG-2. I am far more inclined to believe it is 20Mbit/s as reported at Comparison of high definition optical disc formats#Technical Details. -- Adam Katz 19:07, 2 October 2007 (UTC)

It's not wrong. As Snacky said, 300Mbps is maximum bit rate allowed in 422P@HL (ISO/IEC 13818-2 table 8-13). An application which conforms to 422P@HL, such as "The Panasonic MPEG-2-based HD product", may and likely use less bit rate. To clarify it, I've added some explanation in the article. Motonari 20:27, 2 October 2007 (UTC)

[edit] Revised Intro and Video Coding Sections

I starting looking at this and related articles when a change in the kernel of the Linux operating system caused a program that I use to record digital TV to stop working. In attempting to find a way to get it working again, I sought information about the nature of the incoming signal, e.g., details about MPEG-2 packets. Unfortunately, I found the existing wikipedia articles hard to understand (and I am a retired electronics engineer.) There was lots of technical jargon but little clarity. After some further research elsewhere on the web, I thought that I would see if I could rewrite parts of the current MPEG-2 article to make it clearer.

I rewrote the first paragraph primarily to emphasize the importance of standard. The value of the industries applying this standard is in the hundreds of billions of dollars. The number of viewers who use the standard today or who will start using it in the near future -- most unknowingly, of course -- is probably in the hundreds of millions.

MPEG-2 is not a group of standards. Rather, it is one standard with several parts.

I moved the sentence about patents in the first paragraph to the patent section. The issue of patents is important but I doubt that it is the primary concern of most readers of this article.

I rewrote the section on video compression, primarily, to introduce the technical ideas in a more logical order starting with the basic idea of a digital TV picture.

I added a reference to the ISO site and to a couple of external links that I found helpful. Also, I corrected a minor error in the "See Also" section.

Some further changes seem desirable:

  1. Move the ISO/IEC 13818 section to immediately after the introductory section and merge it with the introduction paragraphs that discuss the parts of the standard. Also, there is now an 11th part to the MPEG-2 standard: IPMP (Intellectual Property Management and Protection).
  2. Expand the section on MPEG-2 audio compression to summarize how it works.
  3. Make the separate MPEG-2 Transport Stream article a section of the MPEG-2 article.

For what it's worth, I found copies of the various parts of MPEG-2 standard on the web. But I wonder about copyright issues. ISO will sell you copies of each part of the standard but they are pricey.

I did get my DTV recording program working by changing the name of a variable. The problem had nothing to do with MPEG-2.

Ivar Y 15:37, 26 November 2006 (UTC)

The entire video coding discussion should be moved to either Video coding or some other separate article. (hint: 99% of what's said about it in this article would also be true in MPEG-4 Part 2, MPEG-1, H.263...) I suggest you work on that instead. Then, the redundant section should be mostly removed from this article. Merging transport stream and audio is probably a bad idea. Snacky 20:14, 26 November 2006 (UTC)
I half agree with you. However, I think that when people come to the MPEG-2 article, they should be given information about MPEG-2. They should see more than a list of unfamiliar or vague technical terms configured as hyperlinks. If people are looking for a picture of George Washington, they want a complete picture in one location. They don't want to be told that they can find a pictures of ears in the article on ears, that a picture of eyes is available in the article on eyes, that noses are discussed at still another location, and so on.
On the other hand, I agree that it is undesirable to keep reinventing descriptions of common processes like video compression.
One solution, which in practice may be difficult to achieve, is to provide a summary description of important processes (e.g., video compression) in the immediate article (e.g., MPEG-2) and to link to the more specialized articles (e.g., about video compression) for a more detailed discussion.
Unfortunately, when I start looking in the wikipedia for articles relating to video compression, I find lots of them:
video compression
video coding
video codec
JPEG
quantization (image processing)
color quantization
multimedia compression
H.262
digital video
interlace
B pictures
Ivar Y 07:20, 27 November 2006 (UTC)

[edit] Aspect ratio

NTSC MPEG-2 also allows for a 640x480 resolution at 29.97 fps. El Mariachi94 06:30, 1 December 2006 (UTC)El Mariachi94

[edit] D-frame

The video compression article mentions "D-frame". What is a D-frame ?

When I click on "D-frame" to learn more, I am redirected here to MPEG-2. But this MPEG-2 article never mentions "D-frame". (Is there some other article that would be a more appropriate destination for that redirect?) --68.0.120.35 03:09, 8 February 2007 (UTC)

There is no "D-frame" in MPEG-2 video (see ISO/IEC 13818-2 Table 6-12), therefore this redirection sounds wrong. Motonari 16:57, 29 September 2007 (UTC)

There are D-Frames in MPEG-1. They are intra frames that have only DC component, so the image is made of very big (8x8 blocks) blocks. They have been created with intension for fast-play-forward (as they don't need use of full IDCT tranform). —Preceding unsigned comment added by 89.215.50.234 (talk) 22:13, 21 October 2007 (UTC)

[edit] Interlacing is not for reducing the amount of data

Interlacing was necessary to avoid flickering because the frequency had to be synchroneous to the power supply frequency; 50 Hz (Europe) or 60 Hz (USA) was not enough.

The amount of data is determined by the number of image per second, 25 i/s (Europe) or 30 i/s (USA).

Interlacing does not reduce the number of image per second, it just avoids flickering.

Of course, with higher frequencies like today, you could increase the image rate, but mind that 18 i/s is enough to have a good fluidity (cinema at the time of silent films). Cinema is at 24 i/s because of optic sound (increasing speed ⇒ increasing bandwidth) and TV is at 25 or 30 i/s to match the power supply frequency (pb of parasites, now solved).

cdang|write me 15:08, 22 March 2007 (UTC)

Yes, it is.
This is what Interlace article states: storing a full video frame and scanning it twice would require a frame buffer, a method that did not become feasible until the late 1980s. In addition, the limits of vacuum tube technology required that CRTs for TV be scanned at AC line frequency in order to prevent interference. (This was 60 Hz in the US, 50 Hz Europe.) In 1936 when the analog standards were being set in the UK, CRTs could only scan at around 200 lines in 1/50th of a second. By using interlace, a pair of 202.5-line fields could be superimposed to become a sharper 405 line frame. The vertical scan frequency remained 50 Hz, so flicker was not a problem, but visible detail was noticeably improved. After the Second World War, improvements in technology allowed the US and the rest of Europe to adopt systems using progressively more bandwidth to scan higher line counts, and achieve better pictures. However the fundamentals of interlaced scanning were at the heart of all of these systems.
If the speed of scan were better, than there would be no interlace - each frame would be scanned in progressive mode and projected twice, so the main reason was limited bandwidth.
Yes, interlace does not reduce number of images per second, but it lowers factual resolution of each image thereby reducing amount of data - 25p has twice as much data as 25i at the same resolution.
--Alexander Iwaschkin 15:53, 22 March 2007 (UTC)

[edit] MC is performed before DCT and Quantization

In Macroblocks, it reads:

 To correct for this, the encoder computes the strings of coefficient values as described above for both macroblocks and, 
 then, subtracts one from the other.

Encoders first subtract a reconstructed block (= pixel value) from a predicted block, and then computes DCT coefficient on the difference. So, I'm afraid the current article has an error here. Motonari 17:35, 29 September 2007 (UTC)

[edit] 422P@LL? 422P@H14?

In the latest published standard (ISO/IEC 13818-2 2000), there is no 422P@LL nor 422P@H14. As far as I know, there is no plan to add them. Could anyone provide a reference if there is good reason to say "Potential future"? If there is no such references, I suggest to remove them.

Additionally, 422P@HL is not "potential future" but they are well defined and actually used. I will remove "potential" of that. NTT VASA Series —Preceding unsigned comment added by Motonari (talk • contribs) 06:29, 30 September 2007 (UTC)

[edit] Do the MPEG-2 files keep history if any program changes them?

They say that files of MPEG-2 or latest type keep a record-history of changes being done to them by programs. Is this true? And is it also true that MPEG-1 does not do that? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 150.140.226.32 (talk) 23:18, 18 March 2008 (UTC)