From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| mir-9/mir-79 microRNA precursor family |
 |
| Type: |
Gene; miRNA; |
| 2° structure: |
Predicted; PFOLD |
| Seed alignment: |
Griffiths-Jones SR |
| Avg length: |
61.3 nucleotides |
| Avg identity: |
85% |
|
The miR-9 microRNA precursor (homologous to miR-79), is a short non-coding RNA gene involved in gene regulation. miR-9 has been identified in Drosophila (MI0000129) [1], mouse (MI0000720) and human (MI0000466) [2], and the related miR-79 in C. elegans (MI0000050) [3] and Drosophila melanogaster (MI0000374) [4]. The mature ~21nt miRNAs are processed from hairpin precursor sequences represented here. miR-9 is processed from the 5' arm of its precursor, and miR-79 from the 3' arm. The bounds of the precursors are predicted based on conservation and base pairing and are not generally known. microRNAs are transcribed as ~70 nucleotide precursors and subsequently processed by the Dicer enzyme to give a ~22 nucleotide product. The mature products are thought to have regulatory roles through complementarity to mRNA [5].
microRNAs have been implicated in human cancer in a number of studies. Generally microRNA expression levels are reduced. It has been shown that human miR-9 expression levels are reduced in many breast cancer samples due to hypermethylation an epigenetic modification.[6]
[edit] References
- ^ Lagos-Quintana M, Rauhut R, Lendeckel W, Tuschl T (2001). "Identification of novel genes coding for small expressed RNAs". Science 294 (5543): 853–8. doi:10.1126/science.1064921. PMID 11679670.
- ^ Lagos-Quintana M, Rauhut R, Yalcin A, Meyer J, Lendeckel W, Tuschl T (2002). "Identification of tissue-specific microRNAs from mouse". Curr. Biol. 12 (9): 735–9. PMID 12007417.
- ^ Lau NC, Lim LP, Weinstein EG, Bartel DP (2001). "An abundant class of tiny RNAs with probable regulatory roles in Caenorhabditis elegans". Science 294 (5543): 858–62. doi:10.1126/science.1065062. PMID 11679671.
- ^ Sempere LF, Sokol NS, Dubrovsky EB, Berger EM, Ambros V (2003). "Temporal regulation of microRNA expression in Drosophila melanogaster mediated by hormonal signals and broad-Complex gene activity". Dev. Biol. 259 (1): 9–18. PMID 12812784.
- ^ Ambros V (2001). "microRNAs: tiny regulators with great potential". Cell 107 (7): 823–6. PMID 11779458.
- ^ Lehmann U, Hasemeier B, Christgen M, et al (2007). "Epigenetic inactivation of microRNA gene hsa-mir-9-1 in human breast cancer". doi:10.1002/path.2251. PMID 17948228.
[edit] External links
