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| mir-133 microRNA precursor family |
 |
| Type: |
Gene; miRNA; |
| 2° structure: |
Predicted; PFOLD |
| Seed alignment: |
Moxon SJ |
| Avg length: |
88.9 nucleotides |
| Avg identity: |
82% |
|
mir-133 is a type of non-coding RNA called a microRNA that was first experimentally characterised in mice[1] and homologues have since been discovered in several other species including invertebrates such as the fruitfly Drosophila melanogaster. Each species often encodes multiple microRNAs with identical or similar mature sequence. For example, in the human genome there are three known miR-133 genes: miR-133a-1, miR-133a-2 and miR-133b found on chromosomes 18, 20 and 6 respectively. The mature sequence is excised from the 3' arm of the hairpin. miR-133 is expressed in muscle tissue and appears to repress the expression of non-muscle genes.[2]
[edit] Targets of miR-133
microRNAs act by lowering the expression of genes by binding to target sites in the 3' UTR of the mRNAs. Luo et al. demonstrated that the HCN2 K+ channel gene contains a target of miR-133.[3] Yin et al. showed that the Mps1 kinase gene in zebrafish is a target.[4] Luo et al. demonstrated that the voltage gated K+ channel KCNQ1 is a target.[5] Boutz et al. showed that nPTB (neuronal polypyrimidine tract-binding protein) is a target and likely contains two target sites for miR-133.[6] Xiao et al. show that ether-a-go-go related gene (ERG) a K+ channel is a target of miR-133.[7]
[edit] References
- ^ Lagos-Quintana, M; Rauhut R, Yalcin A, Meyer J, Lendeckel W, Tuschl T (2002). "Identification of tissue-specific microRNAs from mouse". Curr Biol 12: 735–739. doi:10.1016/S0960-9822(02)00809-6. PMID 12007417.
- ^ Ivey KN, Muth A, Arnold J, et al (March 2008). "MicroRNA regulation of cell lineages in mouse and human embryonic stem cells". Cell Stem Cell 2 (3): 219–29. doi:10.1016/j.stem.2008.01.016. PMID 18371447.
- ^ Luo X, Lin H, Pan Z, et al (May 2008). "Downregulation of MIRNA-1/MIRNA-133 contributes to re-expression of pacemaker channel genes HCN2 and HCN4 in hypertrophic heart". J. Biol. Chem.. doi:10.1074/jbc.M801035200. PMID 18458081.
- ^ Yin VP, Thomson JM, Thummel R, Hyde DR, Hammond SM, Poss KD (March 2008). "Fgf-dependent depletion of microRNA-133 promotes appendage regeneration in zebrafish". Genes Dev. 22 (6): 728–33. doi:10.1101/gad.1641808. PMID 18347091.
- ^ Luo X, Xiao J, Lin H, et al (August 2007). "Transcriptional activation by stimulating protein 1 and post-transcriptional repression by muscle-specific microRNAs of IKs-encoding genes and potential implications in regional heterogeneity of their expressions". J. Cell. Physiol. 212 (2): 358–67. doi:10.1002/jcp.21030. PMID 17443681.
- ^ Boutz PL, Chawla G, Stoilov P, Black DL (January 2007). "MicroRNAs regulate the expression of the alternative splicing factor nPTB during muscle development". Genes Dev. 21 (1): 71–84. doi:10.1101/gad.1500707. PMID 17210790.
- ^ Xiao J, Luo X, Lin H, et al (April 2007). "MicroRNA miR-133 represses HERG K+ channel expression contributing to QT prolongation in diabetic hearts". J. Biol. Chem. 282 (17): 12363–7. doi:10.1074/jbc.C700015200. PMID 17344217.
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