Minto, New Brunswick
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Minto (2001 pop. 2,776) is a Canadian village straddling the border of Sunbury County and Queens County, New Brunswick.
Minto is located on the north shore of Grand Lake, approximately 50 kilometres northeast of Fredericton. Its population meets the requirements for "town" status under the Municipalities Act of the Province of New Brunswick, however the community has not made any change in municipal status.
Minto was originally named Northfield but took its present name in 1904 upon the retirement of Canada's eighth Governor General, The Earl of Minto.
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[edit] Geography
The village is located along the Newcastle Creek in a shallow valley which also hosts an extensive coal seam. The first coal mine in North America opened at Minto in 1639 on the shore of Grand Lake. The first commercial mining only began in 1825 and the last underground mining took place in 1972; there is currently an open-pit strip mining operation near the town.[1]
[edit] History
Mining in the Newcastle Creek seam only began on a large scale during the late nineteenth century with the completion of a railway from Fredericton to Chipman and south to Norton, passing through the village. Later construction of the National Transcontinental Railway passing north of the village in 1912 saw a spur line built south into Minto to access the coal.
During the early years of the Great Depression, the New Brunswick Power Corporation built the province's first thermal generating station south of the village on the shores of Grand Lake. Opened in 1931, the Grand Lake Generating Station accessed coal from nearby deposits and is presently still in operation. A NB Power subsidiary, NB Coal, is the only mining company left in the Minto area and performs strip mining. Due to the poor quality of Minto coal, the age of the Grand Lake Generating Station, and the increasing cost of environmental controls, NB Power is in the process of closing the generating station and the NB Coal operations, placing Minto's economic future in doubt.
During the Second World War, the largest internment camp in eastern Canada was located in the hamlet of Ripples, 10 km west of the village; in addition to German POWs, its most notable prisoner was the anti-conscriptionist mayor of Montreal, Camillien Houde.
[edit] References
- ^ Natural Resources Canada. Mining Chronology
[edit] External links
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