Mine Howe

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Mine Howe is a prehistoric subterranean man-made chamber dug 20 feet deep inside a large mound. Located in the Tankerness area of Orkney, Scotland, its origins are not perfectly understood, but experts believe that it was built roughly 2000 years ago during the Iron Age. Some researchers think that it could be as old as 5000 years, which would place it in the Neolithic period.

Its walls are lined with stones fitted to form an arch over the cavity and 29 steps lead to a rock floor. The entrance is at the top of the small hill and there are indications of other Iron Age and earlier activity around the site. There is some similarity to the 'well' inside the Iron Age Broch of Gurness.

It was first explored in 1946 and misidentified as an Iron Age broch. After the excavations during the 1940s were finished, Mine Howe was covered over and left untouched and nearly forgotten for nearly 50 years. Douglas Paterson, a farmer who owned the land at the time, rediscovered the site in 1999. He removed material that had filled in during the intervening years and built a small wooden entrance over the opening. He built stairs leading down into the chamber and allowed visitors inside.

In June 2000, the television program Time Team came to Mine Howe to further excavate and explore the structure. In order to work out how it had been built, the group built a small replica nearby. They also excavated sections of a ditch surrounding the mound along with what was apparently an earthen path allowing visitors access to the site. No firm conclusions have been made about the age or the purpose of Mine Howe.