Milpitas, California

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City of Milpitas, California
Seal
Location in Santa Clara County and the state of California
Coordinates: 37°26′5″N 121°53′42″W / 37.43472, -121.895
Country	United States
State	California
County	Santa Clara
Government
- Mayor	Jose "Joe" Esteves
Area
- Total	13.6 sq mi (35.3 km²)
- Land	13.6 sq mi (35.1 km²)
- Water	0.1 sq mi (0.2 km²)
Elevation	16 ft (5 m)
Population (2000)
- Total	62,698
- Density	4,622.9/sq mi (1,785.2/km²)
Time zone	PST (UTC-8)
- Summer (DST)	PDT (UTC-7)
ZIP codes	95035-95036
Area code(s)	408
FIPS code	06-47766
GNIS feature ID	1659759
Website: http://www.ci.milpitas.ca.gov/

Milpitas (pronounced /mɪlˈpiːtəs/) is a city in Santa Clara County, California. It is located with San Jose to its south and Fremont to its north, at the eastern end of State Route 237 and generally between Interstates 680 and 880 which run roughly north/south through the city. With Alameda County bordering directly on the north, Milpitas sits in the extreme northeast section of the South Bay, bordering the East Bay and Fremont. Milpitas is also located within the Silicon Valley. The corporate headquarters of Maxtor, LSI Logic, Solectron and Adaptec sit within the industrial zones of Milpitas.

The name Milpitas is a variation of the plural diminutive of milpa, a Mexican Spanish word for "garden where maize is grown." The proper diminutive form of milpa, though, is actually milpilla, not milpita. Thus, in Mexico, several towns and villages have the name Milpillas, but there is no Milpitas in Mexico. The word milpa is a word derived from Nahuatl milli, meaning "agricultural field" and pan. meaning "on."

The following is taken from Charles G. Mann, 1491: New Revelations of the Americas Before Columbus, Alfred A. Knopf, New York, 2005. pp. 197-199.

"Indian Farmers grow maize in what is called a milpa. The term means 'maize field' but refers to something considerably more complex. A milpa is a field, usually but not always recently cleared, in which farmers plant a dozen crops at once, including maize, avocados, multiple varieties of squash and bean, melon, tomatoes, chilis, sweet potato, jicama, amaranth (a grain-like plant), and mucuna (a legume). In nature, wild beans and squash often grow in the same field as teosinte (an ancestor of corn), and beans using the tall teosinte as a ladder to climb toward the sun; below ground, the beans nitrogen-fixing roots provide nutrients needed by teosinte. The milpa is an elaboration of this natural situation, unlike ordinary farms, which involve single-crop expanses of a sort rarely observed in unplowed landscapes.

"Milpa crops are nutritionally and environmentally complementary. Maize lacks the amino acids lysine and tryptophan, which the body needs to make proteins and niacin. Beans have both lysine and tryptophan, but not the amino acids cysteine and methionine, which are provided by the maize. As a result, beans and maize make a nutritionally complete meal. Squashes, for their part, provide an array of vitamins; avocados, fats. The milpa, in the estimation of H. Garrison Wilkes, a maize researcher at the University of Massachusetts in Boston, 'is one of the most successful human inventions ever created.'

"Wilkes was referring to the ecological worries that beset modern agribusiness. Because agriculture fields are less diverse than natural ecosystems, they cannot perform all their functions. As a result, farm soils can rapidly become exhausted. In Europe and Asia, farmers try to avoid stressing the soil by rotating crops; they may plant wheat one year, legumes the next, and let the field lie fallow in the year following. But in many places this only works for a while, or it is economically unfeasible not to use the land for a year. Then farmers use artificial fertilizer, which at best is expensive, and at worst may inflict long-term damage on the soil. No one knows how long the system can continue. The milpa, by contrast, has a long record of success. 'There are places in Mesoamerica that have been continuously cultivated for four thousand years and are still productive.' Wilkes told me. 'The milpa is the only system that permits that kind of long-term use.' Likely the milpa cannot be replicated on an industrial scale. But by studying its essential features, researchers may be able to smooth the rough ecological edges of conventional agriculture. 'Mesoamerica still has much to teach us.' Wilkes said."

So the name Milpitas as used by Jose Maria Alviso to name his land grant, Rancho Milpitas, thus most likely meant "little or precious garden where many crops can be grown," reflecting the rich alluvial soils of the area. As a nineteenth century California Spanish idiomatic expression, the reason Alviso used Milpitas to name his rancho, occupying more than 4,000 acres (1,618 hectares), is, for the present, lost to us. Given the extended meaning attached to milpa, however, the most reasonable modern American equivalent expression to Milpitas might be "backyard vegetable garden." Such an understatement for a seven square mile (eighteen square kilometers) rancho reveals that Alviso may have possessed a sense of humor. And reminds one of Governor Leland Stanford referring to his ten square mile ranching and timber complex near Palo Alto, CA as his "farm."

Milpitas is a middle-class suburban community that is demographically similar to San Jose's Berryessa and Evergreen Valley communities. Milpitas has a large middle-class Vietnamese American population. Other significant ethnic groups, respectively in size, are Filipino Americans, Latinos, Caucasians, Chinese Americans, African Americans, and Samoans.

Contents 1 History 2 Geography 2.1 Urban layout 2.2 Climate 3 Demographics 4 Law and government 4.1 Local 4.2 State and Federal 5 Economy 6 Education 7 Issues and concerns 7.1 Crime 7.2 Pollution 7.3 Controversy 7.3.1 Sunshine Law 8 Culture and recreation 8.1 Parks 9 Media 9.1 Radio 9.2 Television 10 Infrastructure 10.1 Communications 10.2 Transportation 11 Notable Movies featuring Milpitas 12 Trivia 13 See also 14 References 15 Bibliography 16 External links

[edit] History

Milpitas was first inhabited by the Tamyen (also spelled Thomien, Tamien, Thamien, or Tamiayn), a linguistic subgroup of the Muwekma Ohlone Indians who had resided in the San Francisco Bay Area for thousands of years. The Ohlone Indians lived a traditional life based on everyday hunting and gathering. Some of the Ohlone lived in various villages within what is now modern-day Milpitas, including sites underneath what are now the Elmwood Correctional Facility, the Calvary Assembly of God Church, and Higuera Adobe Park.⁴

During the Spanish expeditions of the late 1700s, several missions were founded in the San Francisco Bay Area. During the mission period, Milpitas was only an unnamed region that served as a crossroads between Mission San José de Guadalupe in modern-day Fremont and Mission Santa Clara de Asis, now on the Santa Clara University’s campus. After the Mexican government took over the vast missions lands and distributed them among the Californios (Mexican pioneers living in California), the brief but lively "rancho" period began. The land in modern-day Milpitas was divided between the 6,352.9-acre (25.7 km²) Rancho Rincon de los Esteros, the 4,457.66-acre (18.0 km²) Rancho Milpitas and the 4,394-acre (17.8 km²) Rancho Tularcitos. [2] Ignacio Alviso was granted Rancho Rincon de Los Esteros, José Higuera was granted Rancho Tularcitos, and José María Alviso occupied Rancho Milpitas (The latter now has a middle school named after it in southeast Milpitas.). Jose Maria Alviso was the son of Francisco Xavier Alviso and Maria Bojorquez, both of whom arrived in San Francisco as children with the Anza Expedition. (A son of Ignacio Alviso was also named Jose Maria Alviso, this has led to some confusion by researchers.) Due to Jose Maria Alviso's descendents' difficulty securing his claims to the Rancho Milpitas property, much of his land was either swindled from the Alviso family or had to be quickly sold to American settlers. Both landowners had built Spanish-style adobes on their properties. Today, both adobes still exist and are the oldest structures in Milpitas. The seriously eroded walls of the Higuera Adobe, now in Higuera Adobe Park, are encapsulated in a brick shell built c.1970 by Marian Weller, a descendant of pioneer Joseph Weller. [3], but the Alviso Adobe can be seen mostly in its original form. Prior to the city acquiring the Alviso Adobe it was the oldest continuously occupied adobe house in California dating from the Mexican period and is gradually being restored and undergoing seismic upgrades by the City of Milpitas. Alviso Adobe History Park is to be opened, after the restoration is completed, as an educational museum with historic items, trees, buildings, and documents.

In the 1850s, large numbers of Americans of English, German, and Irish descent arrived to farm the fertile lands of Milpitas. The Burnett, Rose, Dempsey, Jacklin, Trimble, Ayer, Parks, Wool, Weller, Minnis, and Evans are among the early settlers of Milpitas. ¹ (Today many schools, streets, and parks have been named in honor of these families.) These early settlers farmed the land and set up many businesses on a section of what was then called Mission Road, which by the late 20th century became known as the "Midtown" district. Yet another influx of immigration came in the 1870s and 1880s as Portuguese sharecroppers from the Azores came to farm the Milpitas hillsides. Many of the Azoreans had such locally well-known surnames like Coelho, Covo, Mattos, Nunes, Spangler, Serpa, and Silva.

There is a local legend that during the late 1800s, when the U.S. Postal Service wanted to locate a Post Office in the town, there was some support for naming the town, Penitencia, after a Roman Catholic confessional that served local Indians and ranchers and that stood near a creek running along the Mission Road. Prominent land owner and civic leader, Joseph Weller, felt the Spanish word Penitencia might be confused with the English word "penitentiary." Instead of choosing Penitencia, he suggested another popular name for the area, Milpitas, after the name of Alviso's property, Rancho Milpitas. [4]

In the early 1900s, Milpitas served as a popular rest stop for travelers on the old Oakland–San Jose Highway. At the intersection of that road with the Milpitas-Alviso Road, Smith's Corners, built in 1895 and later renamed Campbell's Corners, was a saloon that served beer and wine to patrons for a century before becoming a restaurant in 2001 and still stands. In the 1920s, one of America's earliest "fast food" chain restaurants, "The Fat Boy", opened nearby but was demolished in 1985. Another of Milpitas' most popular restaurants was the "Kozy Kitchen" established in 1940 by the Carlos family in the former "Central Market" building. (Kozy Kitchen was recently demolished in 1999 when Jim Carlos closed the restaurant. [5].) Even in the early 1950s, Milpitas was still a farming community of 800 people who walked a mere one or two blocks to work.

On January 26, 1954, Milpitas was incorporated as a city. However, the newly formed city soon faced what some local residents considered a serious threat. When San Jose attempted to annex Milpitas, the "Milpitas Minutemen" were quickly organized to oppose annexation and keep Milpitas independent. Almost all Milpitas registered voters voted "No" to annexation in the 1961 election as a result of a vigorous anti-annexation campaign. Following the election, the anti-annexation committee, who had compared themselves to the Revolutionary War Minutemen who fought the British on Lexington Green - a role filled in this case by the neighboring city of San Jose - adopted an image of Daniel Chester French's Minuteman statue, that stands near the site of the Old North Bridge in Concord, MA, as part of the official city seal. In the 1960s, the city approved the construction of the Calaveras overpass. Formerly at a junction with the Union Pacific railroad, Calaveras Boulevard had a bridge passing over the railroads after the construction was completed. Even though the result was that local residents could now drive over the railroads without waiting for a slow freight train to pass, but it resulted in the loss of the historical residential area. Here houses owned by city leaders had to be purchased by the city at full market value and either moved or demolished. ²

Starting in the 1950s with the construction of the Ford Motor Assembly Plant, and accelerating in the 1960s and 1970s, extensive residential and retail development took place. Hayfields in Milpitas rapidly disappeared as high-tech industries and residential developments sprang up. Soon, the once rural town of Milpitas found itself as a bustling San Jose suburb. In a mere 30 years, the population jumped from about 20,500 in 1970 to 62,698 in 2000. Because the high-tech computer industries increased labor demand which was met in large part by skilled workers from China, Taiwan, Vietnam, and the Philippines, the percentage of Asian American residents skyrocketed from 12% of the population in 1980, to 37% in 1990, and boomed to 51% in 2000. [6]

In the early twenty-first century, Milpitas light rail transit system station was added, making it the northeasternmost light rail destination in the region. On January 26, 2004, the city celebrated its 50th anniversary of incorporation and issued the book Milpitas: Five Dynamic Decades to commemorate 50 years of Milpitas' history as a busy, exciting crossroads community.

[edit] Geography

Milpitas is located at 37°26′5″N, 121°53′42″W (37.434586, -121.895059)^[1]. Milpitas lies in the northeastern corner of the Santa Clara Valley, which is south of San Francisco. [7] [8]. Milpitas is generally considered to be a San Jose suburb in the South Bay, a term used to denote the southern part of the San Francisco Bay Area.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 35.3 km² (13.6 mi²). 35.1 km² (13.6 mi²) of it is land and 0.2 km² (0.1 mi²) of it (0.44%) is water.

The median elevation of Milpitas is 19 feet (6 m). At Piedmont Road, Evans Road, and North Park Victoria Avenue, the elevation is generally about 100 feet (30 m), while the western area is almost at sea level. The highest point in Milpitas is a 1,289-foot (393 m) peak in the southeastern foothills.

To the east of Milpitas lie the foothills, rolling hills, and mountains of the Diablo Range. Monument Peak, the most prominent summit in the eastern Milpitas hills, is one of the oldest and most well-known symbols of Milpitas. It currently has a broadcasting antenna which provides several television channels to the South Bay.

Although not within Milpitas' city limits, Monument Peak, Calaveras Reservoir, Arroyo Hondo, Laguna Valley, and the surrounding region are culturally and historically considered part of Milpitas. (Loomis, Patricia - Milpitas: A Century of Little Cornfields) Many Portuguese farmers from the Azores have settled there, including the Coelho, Covo, Mattos, Serpa, and Silva families. They are often nicknamed by longtime Milpitans as the "hill people." These Azorean families still own the undeveloped lands in the Milpitas foothills, such as the Silvas living on Old Calaveras Road. ⁴ The southeasternmost hills belong to the City of Milpitas, which then leases the lands to cattle livestock companies.

There are also many creeks in Milpitas, most of which are part of the Berryessa Creek watershed. Calera Creek, Arroyo de los Coches, Penitencia Creek and Piedmont Creek are some of the creeks that flow from the Milpitas hills and empty into the San Francisco Bay. (See Berryessa Creek)

[edit] Urban layout

Milpitas is divided into three sections by Interstates 680 and 880. To the west of I-880 is a largely industrial and commercial area. Between I-880 and its eastern counterpart freeway, I-680, is an industrial zone in the south and residential neighborhoods in the north. Other residential neighborhoods and undeveloped mountains lie east of I-680.

In reality, Milpitas has no concentrated downtown "center," but instead has several small retail centers generally located near residential developments and anchored by a supermarket. The so-called "Midtown" area, the oldest part of Milpitas, has few remaining historic residences and was the only commercial district that existed before 1945. Midtown is situated in the region where Main and Abel Streets run parallel to each other bordered by Montague Expressway in the south and Weller Street at the north end. A USPS post office, Saint John the Baptist's Elementary & Junior High Catholic School, the old Milpitas Grammar School building, the Smith/DeVries mansion, the Senior Center, and Elmwood Correctional Facility are all in the Midtown section of Milpitas. The Milpitas Civic Center, which includes the City Hall and local branch of the Santa Clara County Library, is not located in Midtown, but stands at the intersection of Milpitas and Calaveras Boulevards. The Civic Center is separated from Midtown by the Calaveras overpass. The boundaries that divide major Milpitas neighborhoods and districts include Calaveras Boulevard and the Union Pacific railroad, which runs from north to south. The newest retail centers are west of Interstate 880. There are two predominantly Asian retail centers, one is Milpitas Square centered around the 99 Ranch Market supermarket west of Interstate 880 and the other is gathered around Lion Supermarket off Dixon Landing Road.

Almost all of Milpitas' homes were built after World War II. The first housing developments constructed after the war were Sunnyhills and Milford Village, which were both built in the 1950s. (Source: ²)

• The Pines sits off by itself in southern Milpitas. It has a strong homeowners' association that jointly maintains Pinewood park. Its homes are ranch style and its neighborhood elementary school, Pearl Zanker, forms the center of this tight knit family community.
• Starlite Manor and Milpitas Manor were developed in the late 1950s and early 1960s on the flood plain west of Penitencia Creek. The once frequent winter flooding of the streets has been ended by prudent flood control measures along the creek. Today this area is commonly known as "the Manor". It is a picturesque neighborhood of ranch style homes, wide streets and huge Modesto ash trees.
• Beresford Village is a townhome community constructed in the late 1990s by local builder Shapell Homes. It is adjacent to the City Hall and the newly renovated Town Center shopping area.
• Sunnyhills is one of the first successful racially integrated neighborhoods in the United States. It was built to house the blue collar workers at the local Ford Motor plant. Minority leaders Ben Gross, Al Augustine, and Oliver Jones played a major role in the development of Sunnyhills. Many of the houses were designed as two-story homes. The Sunnyhills Neighborhood Association is one of the most active in Milpitas.
• The Milford Village homes were designed to be affordable and sold rapidly. It is bound to the north by Calaveras Boulevard, to the east by La Crosse Avenue, to the south by Yosemite Drive, and to the east by Carnegie Drive. The western and northern sections contain many of the city's more affordable homes. [9]
• Parktown, south of Yosemite Drive, was developed by Art Sassone in the 1960s. Sassone designed it so that its residents could walk to nearby parks without crossing a busy thoroughfare. Though it did not meet a few minimum requirements, the Milpitas City Council immediately accepted the Parktown Plan. Parktown's streets are named after famous national parks in the United States. Today, the houses remain in good condition. Parktown lies east of Interstate 680 in the extreme southeast section of Milpitas.

• Hillcrest, south of Parktown, is a new condominium and single-family home development built in the early 1990s. Besides the construction of much new housing, Hillcrest Park was also built, along with an expansion of Ben Rogers Park. Before its construction, Hillcrest was undeveloped land that bordered Sinnott Elementary School and Piedmont Road.
• Sylvan Gardens is a 104-home tract located between modern-day Elmwood Correctional Facility and Calaveras Boulevard. It is located in the Midtown area.
• Summitpointe, built in the 1990s, is the site of multimillion dollar homes and is located on the eastern hillside near Summitpointe Golf Course and Ed R. Levin County Park. There are currently 88 homes in this exclusive, gated community.
• Spring Valley Homes, on Vista Ridge Drive near Ed R. Levin County Park, are new multimillion dollar homes overlooking Los Coches Creek and Spring Valley Golf Course. There are currently 19 homes and 26 total lots, and the development was constructed in 1978.
• Parc Metro and other small, in-fill developments around the Great Mall were built after the turn of the century and are charming, cozy town homes and condominiums.

Apartments:

• Driftwood, Calaveras Heights, and Laura Apartments on Adams Avenue provide housing for low-income families and guest workers from Mexico.
• Monte Vista and Parc West Apartments are middle-class apartments on South Main Street. The apartments lie directly west of the Great Mall of the Bay Area.
• Spinakker Pointe and Mill Creek are another group of middle-class apartments located off Dixon Landing Road exit of I-880. They surged in residency during the technology boom.

[edit] Climate

Set within a mild Mediterranean climate zone in California, Milpitas enjoys warm, sunny weather with no extreme temperatures or snow. Having one of the mildest climates in the United States, the city's temperature seldom drops below 35 °F (2 °C) and very rarely experiences snow. The ice storms, or blizzards found in the eastern US are unknown in Milpitas. During the winter, temperatures are relatively warm at an average of 40 °F (4 °C) to 58 °F (4 °C to 14 °C). Showers and cloudy days are frequent during this season dropping most of the city's annual 18 inches (460 mm) of precipitation, and as spring approaches, the gentle rains gradually dwindle. In summer, the grasslands on the hillsides dehydrate rapidly and form bright, golden sheets on the mountains set off by stands of oak. As opposed to Milpitas' rainy, cool winters, the summer is dry and warm but not hot like the Central Valley. Temperatures infrequently reach over 100 °F (38 °C) with most days in the mid 70s to mid 80s. From June to September, Milpitas experiences little rain, and as autumn approaches, the weather gradually cools down. Many temperate-climate trees drop their leaves during fall in the South Bay but the winter temperature is warm enough for evergreens like date palms to thrive.

See also: San Jose's climate

[edit] Demographics

As of the census^[2] of 2000, there were 62,698 people,^[3] 17,132 households, and 13,996 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,785.2/km² (4,622.9/mi²). There were 17,364 housing units at an average density of 494.4/km² (1,280.3/mi²). The racial makeup of the city was 51.81% Asian, 30.87% White, 3.66% African American, 0.62% Native American, 0.63% Pacific Islander, 7.48% from other races, and 4.94% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 16.61% of the population.

There were 17,132 households out of which 43.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 65.1% were married couples living together, 10.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 18.3% are nonfamilies. 11.5% of all households were made up of individuals and 2.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.47, and the average family size was 3.72.

In the city, the population was spread out with 24.6% under the age of 18, 9.5% from 18 to 24, 38.0% from 25 to 44, 20.9% from 45 to 64, and 7.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 33 years. For every 100 females, there are 110.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 111.4 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $84,429, and the median income for a family was $84,827. Males had a median income of $51,316 versus $36,681 for females. The per capita income for the city was $27,823. About 3.3% of families and 5.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 5.5% of those under age 18 and 6.4% of those age 65 or over. [10]

Income levels, like ethnicity are mixed in Milpitas. However, some areas may have newer developments with larger more expensive homes. There are also a few very high priced homes in gated developments in the foothills. Though the city is middle-class (for the Bay Area, at least) on average, some residents earn high-incomes, and some are also low-income. In many parts of Milpitas, new housing developments can be seen next to older ones. In essence, the city is not predominately rich or poor, but rather a blend of people with many different education levels, incomes, and occupations.

Compared to many rural parts of California, living in Milpitas is somewhat more expensive, as it is throughout Silicon Valley. But compared to other South Bay bedroom communities Milpitas is considered affordable. For example, a regular one-story, detached single-family home with a 1,300-square-foot (140 m²) size sells for between $600,000 to $700,000 in the city. These prices are slightly more affordable than the rest of the San Francisco Bay Area, as a similar sized house may cost well over a million dollars in nearby cities such as Palo Alto, Cupertino or Saratoga. Reasons for the expensive housing in the South Bay Area include the regional high tech industries, mild climate, strong foreign investment in the West Coast's housing, and a huge demand for limited homes.

[edit] Law and government

[edit] Local

The city is headed by one mayor, one vice mayor, and three council members. As of 2005, Milpitas is served by mayor Jose "Joe" Esteves, vice mayor Robert Livengood, and council members Armando Gomez, Jr., Althea Polanski, and Debbie Giordano. Jose "Joe" Esteves, Armando Gomez, Jr., and Althea Polanski were recently reelected in the 2006 midterm elections. The city manager is Thomas C. Williams, and the city clerk is Mary Lavelle. The city's seal shows Daniel Chester French's Minuteman statue, musket in hand, standing in the Santa Clara Valley, with the golden hills of Milpitas rising to the east. He faces defiantly south toward San Jose because early residents of Milpitas considered themselves like minutemen when they defeated efforts by San Jose to annex newly incorporated Milpitas.

The Milpitas Municipal Code, which has eleven sections, can also be found online.

The Milpitas Police Department has a long tradition of reaching out to the community and its citizens. Most recently, in the Spring of 2007, the police department conducted a youth academy, in which teenagers were able to experience various aspects of policing, including the K-9 program, use of force issues and Internet safety.^[4]

The police department has an ethnically diverse employee composition.^[5]

The Milpitas fire department is headed up by Chief Clare Frank, who has been serving as chief since 2005.

Milpitas fire fighters and police employees are among the best compensated in the state.

[edit] State and Federal

In the state legislature Milpitas is located in the 10th Senate District, represented by Democrat Ellen Corbett, and in the 20th Assembly District, represented by Democrat Alberto Torrico. Federally, Milpitas is located in California's 15th congressional district, which has a Cook PVI of D +14^[6] and is represented by Democrat Mike Honda.

[edit] Economy

Most people who live in Milpitas work out of the city. While most of the workers employed in Milpitas come from other cities. This results in heavy traffic commutes along key arterial roads twice each day.

The computer industry, which includes computer equipment manufacturing and software programming, is the largest source of employment in Milpitas. In Milpitas, more than 50% of all Asian Americans are employed in the computer industry. [11]

Milpitas is home to the headquarters of Sandisk, Linear Technology, LSI Logic, Solectron, JDSU and Adaptec. Many other companies have offices in Milpitas including Quantum, Maxtor, Cisco Systems, Avaya, KLA Tencor, Seagate, LifeScan,Gaia Online, Sipex, and Symantec. Creative Technology's well-known U.S. subsidiary, Creative Labs, is based in Milpitas.

[edit] Education

Main article: Milpitas Unified School District

Milpitas' public schools are run by the Milpitas Unified School District (MUSD). The area schools are among the most ethnically diverse in the United States. [12] The school district was originally Milpitas Elementary S.D. when it was started as a separate district in the 1950s. Formerly, James Lick High School in Alum Rock was the closest high school to Milpitas. Samuel Ayer High School (now the Milpitas Sports Center, Teen Center and Adult Education Center on Calaveras Road) was built as the only high school located in the city. In the late 1960s MUSD was formed and included Ayer High which had previously been part of East Side Union High School District. In 1970s, Milpitas High School was built on Escuela Parkway and, due to declining enrollment, Samuel Ayer High School closed. See Milpitas High School.

Milpitas has one library, a branch of the Santa Clara County Library system. It is the most used facility in the system with over 2 million check-outs per year. With the City Council's decision to restore and convert the Milpitas Grammar School building (c. 1915) into a regional library of more than twice the size of the former building, the many citizens who utilize the library will be better served. This new library will anchor the north end of Main Street where a senior housing complex and a county medical clinic will be located by 2010.

[edit] Issues and concerns

Milpitas is a small suburban community in the South Bay of the San Francisco Bay Area, and like all small towns, it has a few areas of concern.

[edit] Crime

Overall, Milpitas is a relatively safe city^{[citation needed]} with a low crime rate and has an average of only two or three homicides annually^{[citation needed]}. Over the last ten years, the crime rate has dropped 17%. This city (like that of Sunnyvale and Mountain View) is seeing an enormous Hispanic shift, and the number of lower-income neighborhoods and gangs are expected to grow by 2010. While the "XIV" Norteño gang is suspected to be somewhat active in scattered areas and a gang tag is occasionally seen in public areas, it is not overtly active, especially compared to the gang activity in Southern California. This gang is based around extremely small plots of land that serve as housing for illegal immigrants and migrant workers from rural areas of Mexico. The Milpitas Youth Advisory Commission sponsors a graffiti eradication program that has been very successful at keeping the city free of graffiti of all kinds.

Methamphetamine is the most widely abused narcotic^{[citation needed]} in the South Bay and is produced locally in the San Jose region^{[citation needed]}. Because of the West Coast’s cheaper methamphetamine prices, the drug is more widely used in Northern California than any other narcotic.

The movie River's Edge was based on a 1981 murder that happened in Milpitas. [13]

[edit] Pollution

Milpitas often experiences odorous air emanating from salt marshes that were formerly part of the Cahill salt works, from the Newby Island landfill and from the San Jose sewage treatment plant's percolation ponds. Most malodorous during the autumn, it is especially pungent west of Interstate 880 because of its close location to the San Francisco Bay and the direction of the prevailing winds out of the north-northwest. The City of Milpitas would like to remedy this air quality problem to the extent it can and encourages its residents to file odor complaints [14].

Local creeks and the nearby San Francisco Bay suffer somewhat from water pollution originating from street water runoff and industrial wastes. The creeks in Milpitas, especially Calera, Scott, and Berryessa Creeks, used to be prime fishing spots for native steelhead until pollutants from urban development and industry killed the fish starting from the 1950s. While small populations of steelhead and even salmon still may be seen in area streams these are generally not fished.

The I880 corridor has experienced relatively elevated levels of air pollution from freeway traffic. For example eight hour standards for carbon monoxide have been near to maximum levels for the last two decades.^[7]

[edit] Controversy

[edit] Sunshine Law

The Milpitas City Council voted 3-2 on January 16, 2007 to do away with the idea of having citizens oversee a commission that monitors the city's sunshine law, opting instead to name two councilmen to supervise the post. ^[8]

In the late twentieth century and early twenty-first century, Milpitas voters enacted measures to protect the view of the hillsides from development.

[edit] Culture and recreation

As a suburb within the ethnically diverse San Francisco Bay Area, Milpitas has a unique culture and a sense of community. In Milpitas, no ethnic group can be thought of as either a majority or minority. The ethnic mix includes Indonesians, Chinese, Taiwanese, Vietnamese, Filipinos, Mexicans, Indians, and African Americans. As a result, the city is a virtual melting pot, which is quite evident in the community's culture.

Milpitas residents also enjoy various visual and performing arts. The Milpitas Alliance for the Arts, founded in 1997, is an organization which promotes and funds murals, plays, sculptures, and many other forms of art. The "Art in Your Park" project has put many sculptures in local Milpitas parks, including a ceramic tower in Hillcrest Park, a sundial in Augustine Park, and a historical memorial in Murphy Park. The Celebrate Milpitas Festival is held annually every August, featuring vendors of crafts-type merchandise and providing local talent with a performance venue while selling visitors samplings of exotics like garlic fries or lumpia and even offerings from one or two Californian wineries.

Because of Milpitas' diverse ethnic mix, the town has a rich variety of different restaurants and cuisines. Pakistani, Mexican, Salvadoran, Filipino, Indonesian, Japanese, Chinese, American, Vietnamese, Polynesian, Italian, and many other cuisines offer Milpitans a wide choice of quality foods. With a large manufacturing workforce, Milpitas also has many fast food restaurants and other regional/national brand franchised eateries such as McDonalds (8), Carl's Jr., Burger King, Taco Bell, Applebee's, Marie Calendar, and Wienerschnitzel allowing corporate employees to get a quick lunch and return to work. For the coffee lover, there are eight Starbucks outlets, drive through Caffino's, and a few independent shops like Ola's or Cafe Roma around the city.

The large recreational and community services in Milpitas gives it a reputation as having one of the South Bay's best recreational programs. The Milpitas Sports Center on Calaveras Road hosts a variety of sports, including swimming, tennis, soccer, and baseball. The Milpitas Recreational Services Department offers a wide range of tutors and coaches in basketball, dancing, karate, and other leisure activities. The Miliptas Teen Center and the Milpitas Senior Center also provide residents with fun, activities, and educational opportunities.

Milpitas is also home to the largest Bay Area enclosed shopping mall (in terms of land area), the Great Mall of the Bay Area. Great Mall's premises is the conversion of a Ford automobile assembly plant that shut down in the 1970s as a corporate cost-cutting measure.

A large outdoor shopping center called Milpitas Square is anchored by the 99 Ranch Market west of Interstate 880. It is home to dozens of Asian retail businesses and restaurants.

Other Milpitas shopping centers and plazas include Milpitas Town Center, Jacklin Square, McCarthy Ranch, Parktown Plaza, Beresford Square, and the City Square.

There is one car dealership in Milpitas. It is Piercey Toyota covering a vast area near Great Mall Parkway and Interstate 880. There are plans for a second dealership to open next to the Piercey site by 2010.

In the past, Milpitas had a very different culture from that of its modern suburban state. As late as the 1950s, Milpitas was an unincorporated rural town with the Midtown district on Main Street as its main center of business and social activities. Back then, many people knew each other and walked only one or two blocks to familiar workplaces. Many old businesses, such as Main Street Gas (operated by the Azorean Spangler brothers), Smith's Corner Saloon, and Kozy Kitchen were well-known places which were favorite spots for old-timers to chat or stop by. The Cracolice Building was one of the oldest commercial buildings in Milpitas and was the site of many political conventions and meetings. "As Milpitas Goes, So Goes the State" used to be a popular slogan around the town. Most of the land now within modern-day Milpitas' boundaries were used for strawberry, asparagus, apricot, and potato cultivation until the postwar boom during the 1950s and 1960s.

[edit] Parks

Ed R. Levin County Park is the largest county regional park near Milpitas. The County of Santa Clara Parks and Recreation Department runs the park. Monument Peak can be accessed through trails that lead north through the county park. The park also provides facilities for hang gliding and paragliding and includes a newly built dog park that was a joint effort by the county and the city of Milpitas. Two golf courses, Spring Valley Golf Course and Summitpointe Golf Course, are located in the Milpitas foothills. Both have expensive gated residential developments located adjacent to them. Milpitas itself has 17 traditional neighborhood parks which are generally 3 to 10 acres (12,000 to 40,000 m²). There also is a sports complex and sports parks with baseball and tennis play areas fenced off. There are also smaller parks of less than three acres scattered in newer developments. Milpitas has begun to develop the San Francisco Water District's Hetch Hetchy right-of-way as park land in lieu of using land from new high density residential developments adjacent to it. Together, these parks total 166 acres (672,000 m²) of land area or less than 2% of the city's acreage. The ratio of resident to park land in Milpitas is one of the highest in the San Francisco Bay area.

[edit] Media

Milpitas' local newspaper is the weekly Milpitas Post. The city is also served by a daily newspaper, the San Jose Mercury News. Other available newspapers in Milpitas include the San Francisco Chronicle , the Oakland Tribune , and the San Francisco Examiner. No radio stations broadcast from Milpitas, but signals can be received from many other South Bay stations.

[edit] Radio

Note: FM channels have decimal points, but AM do not. [15][16]

Country:

• KRTY, 95.3 (Empire Broadcasting)

News:

• KCBS, 740 (CBS Radio)
• KGO, 810 (ABC)
• KLIV, 1590 (Empire Broadcasting)

Light rock/Adult alternative:

• KBAY, 94.5 (San Jose)
• KOIT, 96.5

Modern Rock:

• KITS, 105.3 "Live 105"
• KCNL, 104.9, "Channel 104.9"

Hip-hop/R&B:

• KYLD, 94.9 "Wild" 94.9 (San Francisco)
• KDON, 102.5 (Monterey)
• KMEL, 106.1 – "106.1 KMEL" (San Francisco)

Urban AC/R&B:

• KISQ, 98.1 Kiss FM
• KBLX, 102.9 "The Quiet Storm" (Berkeley)

Heavy metal/Classic rock:

• KFOX-FM, 98.5
• KEZR, Mix 106.5
• KSAN-FM, 107.7 - "The Bone"

Pop:

• KMKY, 1310 - Radio Disney

Classical:

• KDFC, 102.1

Jazz:

• KCSM, 91.1 (noncommercial)
• KKSF, 103.7

Regional Mexican:

• KRZZ, 93.3 - La Raza (San Francisco)
• KSOL, 98.9 - Estereo Sol (San Francisco)
• KZSF, 1370 - La Caliente (San Jose)
• KAZA, 1290, Radio Casa (Gilroy)

Asian:

• KSQQ, 96.1
• KSJX, 1500

[edit] Television

Analog television service available to Milpitas includes: [17]

• KTVU, 02 - FOX news station
• KRON, 04 - My Network TV news station
• KPIX, 05 - CBS news station
• KGO, 07 - ABC news station
• KQED, 09 - PBS
• KNTV, 11 - NBC, "NBC 11," broadcast from San Jose's Loma Prieta Peak in the Santa Cruz Mountains
• KDTV, 14 - Univision (broadcast from Mount Allison in Fremont)
• KBWB, 20 - independent, "Your TV20"
• KTSF, 26 - San Francisco Asian TV
• KMTP, 32 - European (German, Italian) and Asian TV
• KICU, 36 - independent, "Action 36, Cable 6" (broadcasted from Monument Peak in Milpitas)
• KBCW, 44 - The CW
• KSTS, 48 - Telemundo (broadcast from Mount Allison in Fremont; shares same antenna as KDTV)
• KTEH, 54 - PBS (broadcast from Monument Peak in Milpitas; shares same antenna as KICU)
• KKPX, 65 - i
• KSFS, 66 - Spanish language TV

[edit] Infrastructure

[edit] Communications

Like most other Bay Area cities, USPS, UPS, FedEx, and DHL are readily available to Milpitas. The USPS post office on Abel Street is Milpitas' main office for postal mail and is the only USPS post office in the city. ZIP code 95035 is exclusively for Milpitas and is the only standard ZIP code for the city. 95036 is a new ZIP that is used sometimes for post office boxes in Milpitas. Until the merge with SBC, Milpitas had relied on Pacific Bell for its telecommunications services. American Telegraph and Telephone (AT&T) acquired Southern Bell (SBC) in 2006 and became the land-line telephone provider in the city. As part of the agreement for the merger of AT&T with SBC, Milpitas residents were offered high speed DSL internet access with AT&T for only $10 per month until December, 2009, although few residents are aware of the offer.

[edit] Transportation

From north to south, the major east-west roads in Milpitas are Dixon Landing Road, Jacklin Road, Calaveras Boulevard, and Landess Avenue/Montague Expressway. From east to west, the major north-south roads are Piedmont Road, Evans Road, Park Victoria Drive, Milpitas Boulevard, Main Street, Abel Street, and Barber Lane. Milpitas roads that reach into the hills are, from north to south, Country Club Drive, Old Calaveras Road, Calaveras Road, and a private ranch drive, the historic Urridias Ranch Road.

As with many other Californian suburbs, Milpitas has divided roads that are maintained well by the local city government. Street signs are in green, as opposed to San Jose's blue ones. Like the San Jose public works system, all pedestrians must manually press a button in order to turn the pedestrian signal lights on (unlike the South Bay cities, San Francisco has automatic pedestrian lights at intersections and do not have "press to cross" buttons for pedestrians).

Not all streets in Milpitas have bicycle lanes or sidewalks. Piedmont Road, Evans Road, and Jacklin Road have excellent bike lanes and sidewalks with ample spacing, but Montague Expressway and South Milpitas Boulevard have limited sidewalks and narrow bike lanes, which causes some problems for workers commuting by bike or on foot. The roads most favorable for recreational jogging and biking are Evans and Piedmont Roads.

State Route 237, Interstate 680, and Interstate 880 link Milpitas to the rest of the Bay Area. Interstates 680 and 880 lead north to Fremont and south to downtown San Jose. On the other hand, Highway 237 begins at Milpitas and goes west to Sunnyvale and Mountain View.

The Santa Clara Valley Transportation Authority (VTA) runs light rail (high-speed transit) and local buses for public transportation. VTA bus routes in Milpitas are 46, 47, 66, 70, 71, 77. [18]

The Altamont Commuter Express provides 3 morning express train service towards Milpitas from neighboring cities in San Joaquin and Alameda County, and 3 returning evening trips. Although the nearest stop is located near Great America Park, in San Jose, shuttle busses are provided with stops in Milpitas.

The nearest airports to the city are the Norman Y. Mineta San Jose International Airport (SJC) and Reid-Hillview Airport in East San Jose, the latter which is for small private airplanes. Although Milpitas is bordered by the San Francisco Bay in the extreme northwest, that area is not accessible to ships and boats. Being landlocked, the city depends on the Port of Oakland for oceangoing freight and on the Union Pacific Railroad for cargo transport.

An extension of Bay Area Rapid Transit from Fremont to San Jose is being studied, and would include one or two stations in Milpitas, including a BART-light rail transfer at Montague. [19]

In addition, China Airlines operates bus services to San Francisco International Airport from Lion Food Center at 1838 North Milpitas Boulevard to feed its flight to Taipei, Taiwan. ^[9]

[edit] Notable Movies featuring Milpitas

The "Milpitas Monster" was filmed in the town in 1976. Originally started as a high school project it developed into a feature length film. In the quiet town of Milpitas, California, a gigantic creature is spawned in a polluted, overflowing waste disposal site. The townspeople rally to destroy the creature, which has an uncontrollable desire to consume large quantities of garbage cans.

The movie "River's Edge" was inspired by the true story of a murder that happened in Milpitas in 1981. It is a story about a teenage boy that murders a classmate and shows off the body to his friends. The names and races of the individuals involved were changed. The story was "Hollywood-ized" for dramatic purposes. The filmmakers added stories that did not occur and characters that did not exist. It starred some relatively unknown actors at the time named Keanu Reeves, Crispin Glover and Ione Skye as well as veteran actor Dennis Hopper.

[edit] Trivia

Trivia sections are discouraged under Wikipedia guidelines. The article could be improved by integrating relevant items and removing inappropriate ones.

The top marquee of Atari Games' 720° arcade videogame, released in 1986, has a boombox-like design, with the words "Made in Milpitas" on the bottom, a homage to Milpitas, where Atari was formerly located.

In an episode of Sesame Street, character "Guy Smiley" hosts a contest and announces that the winner will receive a round trip ticket to Milpitas, CA.

[edit] See also

Nearby cities:

• San Francisco
• Oakland
• San Jose
• Santa Clara
• Sunnyvale
• Fremont
• Hayward
• Los Gatos
• Cupertino
• Palo Alto
• Mountain View

Physical features:

• Monument Peak
• Calaveras Reservoir
• Oak Ridge (California)
• Arroyo Hondo (Santa Clara County, California)
• Black Mountain (near Milpitas, California)
• Berryessa Creek
• Calaveras Road

[edit] References

[edit] Bibliography

The following books on Milpitas have been used as significant references for this article. Many of the books are not available at a regular store or are out of print, but all are available at the Milpitas branch of the Santa Clara County Library. These books are also recommended as resources for further reading.

• Milpitas: A Century of Little Cornfields. By Patricia Loomis. ISBN 0-935089-07-1 Available from the Milpitas Historical Society.
• Milpitas: Five Dynamic Decades. By Mort Levine, et al. Available at the Milpitas city hall or call the City of Milpitas. Note: Some of the information in this article is derived from this reference.
• History of Milpitas. By Madge Craig.
• Historic Sites Inventory. Prepared by Judith Marvin-Cunningham
• Images of America: Milpitas By Robert Burrill. ISBN 0-7385-2910-9 Available from the Milpitas Historical Society.

[edit] External links

• City of Milpitas
  • Milpitas Police Department
  • City of Milpitas official statistics
  • City Council
  • Planning Division
• GoMilpitas.com, Milpitas Community Website since 1997
• The Milpitas History Homepage
• Milpitas Chamber of Commerce
• Milpitas Alliance for the Arts
• The Milpitas Post, Milpitas' weekly newspaper
• Wikitravel guide to Milpitas

• Milpitas, California is at coordinates 37°26′05″N 121°53′42″W / 37.434586, -121.895059 (Milpitas, California)Coordinates: 37°26′05″N 121°53′42″W / 37.434586, -121.895059 (Milpitas, California)

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