Michael Žygimantaitis

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Michael Žygimantaitis^[1] (Lithuanian: Mykolas Žygimantaitis, Polish: Michał Bolesław Zygmuntowicz, born before 1406 – died shortly before February 10, 1452 in Moscow) was the last male descendant of Kęstutis, Grand Duke of Lithuania.^[2] He supported his father Sigismund Kęstutaitis in power struggles with Švitrigaila. In 1435 he led his father's army to victory in the Battle of Pabaiskas. After his father's assassination in 1440, Michael unsuccessfully fought against Casimir IV Jagiellon for the title of Grand Duke of Lithuania. At first Michael was supported by Samogitia, but in 1441 Casimir issued a privilege confirming Samogitia's semi-autonomous status and thus avoiding a civil war.^[1] Until 1447 he was supported by Dukes of Masovia. In 1448 Michael asked help from the Crimean Khanate. With their help he attacked and shortly took control of Kiev, Starodub, Novhorod-Siversky.^[2] Soon he was captured and transported to the Grand Duchy of Moscow where he died under unclear circumstances (possibly poisoned).^[2] He was buried in Vilnius Cathedral.

At different times Michael was married to two daughters of Alexandra of Lithuania and Siemowit IV, Duke of Masovia.^[3]

[edit] References

^ ^a ^b Kiaupa, Zigmantas; Jūratė Kiaupienė, Albinas Kunevičius [1995] (2000). The History of Lithuania Before 1795, English, Vilnius: Lithuanian Institute of History, 213. ISBN 9986-810-13-2.
^ ^a ^b ^c (Lithuanian) Gudavičius, Edvardas (2004). "Mykolas Žygimantaitis". Lietuvos valdovai (XIII-XVIII a.): enciklopedinis žinynas. Ed. Vytautas Spečiūnas. Vilnius: Mokslo ir enciklopedijų leidybos institutas. 97. ISBN 5-420-01535-8.
^ (Lithuanian) "Aleksandra". Lietuviškoji enciklopedija I. (1933–1944). Ed. Vaclovas Biržiška. Kaunas: Spaudos Fondas. 219.