Metopium toxiferum
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| Metopium toxiferum |
Metopium toxiferum (Poisonwood, Florida poisontree, Hog gum) is a species of tree found in Florida known for producing the irritant urushiol.
Poisonwood is related to poison sumac and poison oak, all members of the cashew or sumac (Anacardiaceae) family. This tree grows abundantly in the Florida Keys and can also be found in various ecosystems in southern Florida. Its range in tropical America extends from Florida to the Bahamas, Honduras, and the West Indies.
The sap contains alkaloids that cause serious skin and mucus irritations after skin contact. Any part of the tree may carry the sap, so handling any part of the poisonwood should be avoided. Poisonwood is found inhabiting hammocks, pinelands, and sandy dunes near salt water.
The wood is dark brown, streaked with red, and is heavy and hard, but is not strong. The wood has no commercial value. The gummy sap of the bark has been used medicinally. The fruit of the poisonwood is a favorite food source for the rare white-crowned pigeon. Other birds and animals also enjoy the fruit.
