Metastatic urothelial carcinoma
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Results with Chemotherapy
"Patients with refractory advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma derive only minor benefit from chemotherapy"(1). Various studies have shown combination chemotherapy to have an effect. Treatment with chemotherapy and "infusion cisplatin and high-dose 5-fluorouracil/leucovorin (P-HDFL)"(2)results in a median survival of 38 months (2). Donald Kaufman worked on a study using a combination of gemcitabine and cisplatin, which resulted in a median survival of 14.3 months (3). Generally speaking, treatment with chemotherapy will not with any amount of certainty, extend one's life.
Bibliography
(1). Treating refractory advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma with interleukin-2: a phase II study Authors: Kim J.1; Millikan R.E.; Smith T.L.; Tu S.-M.; Pagliaro L.C.; Logothetis C.J. Source: Urologic Oncology: Seminars and Original Investigations, Volume 21, Number 1, January 2003 , pp. 21-26(6) Publisher: Elsevier
(2). TI - Prognostic factors for metastatic urothelial carcinoma treated with cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil-based regimens. AU - Lin CC; Hsu CH; Huang CY; Tsai YC; Huang KH; Cheng AL; Pu YS SO - Urology. 2007 Mar;69(3):479-84.
(3).Phase II Trial of Gemcitabine Plus Cisplatin in Patients With Metastatic Urothelial Cancer By Donald Kaufman, Derek Raghavan, Michael Carducci, Ellis Glenn Levine, Barbara Murphy, Joseph Aisner, Timothy Kuzel, Steven Nicol, William Oh, Walter Stadler From the Massachusetts General Hospital and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; University of Southern California–Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA; Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY; Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN; Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ; University of Chicago and Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, IL; and Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN.
