Metabolic intermediate

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Metabolic intermediates refers to molecules which are the precursors or metabolites of biologically significant molecules.

Although these intermediates are of relatively less direct importance to cellular function, they can play important roles both in the allosteric regulation of enzymes.

Some can be useful in measuring rates of metabolic processes (for example, Dopac or 3-aminoisobutyrate).

[edit] See also

• metabolism

v • d • e Cholesterol metabolic intermediates to HMG-CoA Acetyl-CoA - Acetoacetyl-CoA - HMG-CoA to Dimethylallyl pyrophosphate Mevalonic acid - Phosphomevalonic acid - 5-Diphosphomevalonic acid - Isopentenyl pyrophosphate - Dimethylallyl pyrophosphate Geranyl- Geranyl pyrophosphate - Geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate To Cholesterol Farnesyl pyrophosphate - Squalene - 2,3-Oxidosqualene - Lanosterol see also enzymes

v • d • e Amino acid metabolism metabolic intermediates K→acetyl-CoA lysine→ Saccharopine - Allysine - Alpha-aminoadipate - Alpha-ketoadipic acid - Glutaryl-CoA - Glutaconyl-CoA - Crotonyl-CoA - Beta-hydroxybutyryl-CoA leucine→ Alpha-ketoisocaproic acid - Isovaleryl-CoA - 3-Methylcrotonyl-CoA - 3-Methylglutaconyl-CoA - HMG-CoA tryptophan→alanine→ N'-Formylkynurenine - Kynurenine - Anthranilic acid - 3-hydroxykynurenine - 3-Hydroxyanthranilic acid - 2-Amino-3-carboxymuconic semialdehyde - 2-Aminomuconic semialdehyde - 2-Aminomuconic acid - Glutaryl-CoA G→glutamate histidine→ Urocanic acid - Imidazol-4-one-5-propionic acid - Formiminoglutamic acid - Glutamate-1-semialdehyde proline→ 1-Pyrroline-5-carboxylic acid arginine→ Ornithine - Putrescine - Agmatine G→propionyl-CoA methionine→ S-Adenosyl methionine - S-Adenosyl-L-homocysteine - Homocysteine - Cystathionine - alpha-Ketobutyric acid isoleucine→ 2,3-Dihydroxy-3-methylpentanoic acid - 2-Methylbutyryl-CoA - Tiglyl-CoA - 2-methylacetoacetyl-CoA valine→ Alpha-ketoisovalerate - Isobutyryl-CoA - Methacrylyl-CoA - 3-Hydroxyisobutyryl-CoA - 3-Hydroxyisobutyrate - 2-methyl-3-oxopropanoate threonine→ Alpha-ketobutyric acid propionyl-CoA→ Methylmalonyl-CoA G→fumarate phenylalanine→tyrosine→ 4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvic acid - Homogentisic acid - 4-Maleylacetoacetate Other cysteine+glutamate→glutathione gamma-Glutamylcysteine glycine→creatine Glycocyamine - Phosphocreatine - Creatinine Other Glycerate 3-phosphate (serine) - Cysteine sulfinic acid see also enzymes, disorders

v • d • e Nucleotide metabolic intermediates Purine metabolism Anabolism: formation of IMP Ribose 5-phosphate - Phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate Anabolism: formation of AMP/GMP Adenylosuccinate - Xanthosine monophosphate Catabolism Hypoxanthine - Xanthine - Uric acid Pyrimidine metabolism Anabolism Carbamoyl phosphate - Carbamoyl aspartic acid - 4,5-Dihydroorotic acid - Orotic acid - Orotidine 5'-monophosphate - Uridine monophosphate Catabolism uracil: Dihydrouracil - 3-ureidopropionate - Beta-alanine thymine: Dihydrothymine - beta-ureidoisobutyric acid - 3-aminoisobutyrate see also enzymes, disorders

v • d • e Neurotransmitter metabolic intermediates tyrosine→dopamine→epinephrine Dihydroxyphenylalanine - Levodopa - Norepinephrine Catecholamine metabolites epinephrine/norepinephrine: 3,4-Dihydroxymandelic acid - Metanephrine/Normetanephrine - Vanillyl mandelic acid - 3-Methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol dopamine: Dopac - 3-Methoxytyramine - Homovanillic acid tryptophan→serotonin anabolism: 5-Hydroxytryptophan catabolism: 5-Hydroxyindoleacetic acid serotonin→melatonin Normelatonin see also enzymes

v • d • e Heme metabolic intermediates Breakdown of heme spleen: Heme → Biliverdin → Bilirubin blood: Bilirubin+Albumin liver: Bilirubin diglucuronide Intestine, excretion in feces Stercobilinogen - Stercobilin - Urobilinogen Kidney, excretion in urine Urobilin see also enzymes