Menkyo kaiden
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| Menkyo kaiden | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Japanese name | |||||
| Kanji: | 免許皆伝 | ||||
| Hiragana: | めんきょかいでん | ||||
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Menkyo kaiden (免許皆伝?) is a Japanese term meaning "license of total transmission." It is a certificate that is granted by a school, ryū, or other organization meaning that the recipient has learned everything that the organization or school can teach, and is licensed to pass on all aspects of his training.[1]
[edit] Menkyo
In the older menkyo system of licenses and certificates that predates the more prevalent kyū/dan (dan'i) system of colored belts created by Jigoro Kano in the 19th century for Kodokan judo,[1] the menkyo kaiden is typically the highest level of license that exists, and the highest rank achievable under the menkyo system. A holder of a menkyo kaiden is often, but not always, the de facto successor to the sōke of the ryū. Some schools that use the dan'i system still retain the menkyo kaiden as a method of denoting a successor to the head of the school.[1]
Many Jujutsu schools still use the menkyo system.
Different ryū use different rankings; one outline is[1]:
- okuiri : enter into art
- mokuroku : certificate : in official rolls
- shomokuroku
- gomokuroku
- menkyo : authorized to teach
- kaiden
[edit] See also
[edit] References
- ^ a b c d Ranking Systems in Modern Japanese Martial Arts: Modern vs. Classical by Donn F. Draeger, Lecture on April 1, 1976]]
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