Mehdi Al-Khalissi

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Sheikh Mahdi Al-Khalissi was a prominent religious leader in Iraq during the British occupation of the early 20th century. At a time he was the Supreme Marja (Shiite scholar and spiritual leader) in Iraq. In 1920 Sheikh Mahdi Al-Khalissi played a leading role in the Iraqi revolt against the British. In 1922 he issued a fatwa telling his followers and all Shiites in Iraq not to participate in the upcoming elections, so that they would not give legitimacy to a government established by occupation forces. Shiites, Sunnis, Christians and many minorities answered the calls of Sheikh Mahdi Al-Khalissi and did not participate in the elections. This led to the failure of the elections. The British attempted to deport him to Bombay, India but a large group of angry Indian Muslims arrived at the ports forcing the British to leave Sheikh Mahdi Al-Khalissi on the ship and transfer him elsewhere in fear of him becoming a leader to the Indian community. He was then transferred to a port in Aden. There he received an invitation from Sharif Hussein, ruler of Mecca, to attend Hajj (Muslim pilgrimage to Mecca). After Hajj, Sheikh Mahdi Al-Khalissi received an invitation from the Iranian minister of foreign affairs Mohammed Mosaddeq to come to Iran where many religious leaders from Najaf would be waiting for him. Sheikh Mahdi Al-Khalissi was welcomed at the Iranian port of Bushehr but an official of the Iranian Oil Company attempted to assassinate him by firing ten shots at him. Later, Sheikh Mahdi Al-Khalissi rejected King Faisal's offer for exiled religious leaders to return to Iraq, providing they not to interfere in politics. In 1925 Sheikh Mahdi Al-Khalissi would suddenly die in the city of Mashhad. It was claimed that he died of disease but many of his follower believed that he was poisoned by the British consul in Mashhad.

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