Medardus
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Saint Medardus | |
|---|---|
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| Bishop and Confessor | |
| Born | c. 457, Salency, Oise, Picardy, France |
| Died | c. 545, Noyon, Oise, Picardy, France |
| Venerated in | Roman Catholic Church |
| Major shrine | Abbey of Saint-Médard, Soissons, France |
| Feast | June 8 |
| Attributes | Bishop; Confessor; Episcopal garments |
| Patronage | the weather; invoked against toothache |
 Saints Portal |
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Saint Medardus (French Médard; c. 457 - c. 545) was the Bishop of Vermandois who removed the seat of the diocese to Noyon.
St Medardus was born at Salency, Oise), in Picardy. His father, Nectaridus, was of Frankish origin, while his mother Protagia was Gallo-Roman. The Roman Martyrology includes the fanciful tale that Saint Gildardus, Bishop of Rouen, was his brother, "born on the same day, consecrated bishops on the same day, and on the same day withdrawn from this life." A pious fiction links his childhood to his future bishoprics: "He often accompanied his father on business to Vermand and Tournai, where he frequented the schools, carefully avoiding all worldly dissipation".
At the death of Bishop Alomer, when Medard was 33, he was chosen to succeed him as bishop of Vermand due to his exemplary piety and his knowledge, considerable for that time. Despite his objections, he found himself obliged to accept the heavy responsibilities of the position, to which he devoted himself zealously.
Evidence for his deeds as bishop is thin. He is held to have removed the see from Vermand, a little city with no defences, to Noyon, the strongest place in that region. The year is traditionally given as 531, the year in which Clotaire marched against the Thuringii with his brother Theuderic I, but struggles with the Burgundians also troubled Frankish Neustria. He was a councillor to Clotaire, the Merovingian king at Soissons.
It is also claimed that in the following year, after the death of Saint Eleutherius, bishop of Tournai, Medardus was invited to assume the direction of that diocese also. He refused at first, but being urged by Clotaire himself he at last accepted. The union of the two dioceses of Noyon and Tournai lasted until 1146, when they were again separated. Tournai was a center for evangelizing the pagan Flemings. There he accepted Radegund of Thuringia as a deaconess and nun, until she removed to her own foundation at Saix.
King Clotaire, who had paid Medardus a last visit at Noyon, where he died, had his body transferred to his own manor of Crouy, at the gates of the royal city of Soissons; there over his tomb was erected the celebrated Benedictine abbey which bears his name, the Abbey of Saint-Médard. The selection of the site was given authenticity through a familiar trope of hagiography:
"When the procession reached Crouy, which is about three miles from Soissons, the bier became wholly immovable. The king then promised to give half the borough of Crouy to the new church. On trying again to lift the bier, it was found that the half facing the part given to the church was loose and could be moved, but the other half was as fast as ever. Clotaire now promised the whole borough to the church. The bier instantly became so light that it could be lifted and carried without any trouble to its final destination." (Walsh 1897)
Doubts have been cast about the ecstatic behavior of the female convulsionaries of the saint at the chapel of Abbé Paris, with some speculating that these convulsions were in fact female orgasms. Rachel Maines mentions these in passing in her book "The technology of orgasm"[1].
The Bibliothèque Royale Belgique, Brussels, (MS. 1221 = 9850-52) conserves a fragment of a Psalter and patristic writings written at the Abbey of Saint-Médard in Soissons, in the time of Childebert III (Lowe and Rand, note 9). The Abbey's early 9th century "Gospel Codex," produced at Aachen, is a monument of book production of the Carolingian renaissance. During the Carolingian fraternal struggles, in 833, Louis the Pious in a public ceremony at the Abbey, was forced to lay down his sword, was stripped of his royal vestments and made to don a penitent's coarse robe. There Raoul of France was later crowned king on July 9, 923.
[edit] Veneration
Saint Medardus was one of the most honored bishops of his time. His memory has always been popularly venerated, first in the north of France, then in Cologne and extending to western Germany,[2] and he became the hero of numerous legends. His cultus is mentioned by both Saint Venantius Fortunatus and Saint Gregory of Tours. His feast day is celebrated on June 8.
He is invoked for toothache. St Medardus is the patron saint of lifelong male partners and as such, the Order of St. Medardus was a status level available in the Mattachine Society formed by Harry Hay. It is believed also that, as with Saint Swithun, whatever the weather on his feast day, it will continue for the forty days following.
[edit] References
[edit] Sources
- Early Life, ed. B. Krusch, Monumenta Germaniae Historica, Auctores Antiquissimi, iv (part 2), 67-73
- Butler's Lives of the Saints, vi 66-67
- William Walsh, 1897. Curiosities of Popular Customs ...
This article incorporates text from the public-domain Catholic Encyclopedia of 1913.
