ME/CFS outbreaks

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Myalgic Encephalomyelitis is often associated with outbreaks.[citation needed] This leads to the firm belief among many researchers and patient groups that the illness is, at least in its initial forms, a contagious virus or triggered by one or more such viruses.[citation needed]

Especially in early documented cases, the name of the condition varies significantly, even in cases where it is believed by the people attending to it at the time to be a form of polio.

Clusters of symptoms also vary between outbreaks.[citation needed]

[edit] Outbreaks in chronological order

[edit] 1934

  • Los Angeles County Hospital
Responsible for the term Atypical Poliomyelitis[1]
198 people infected, including all doctors and nurses[2]

[edit] 1936

  • St Anges Convent, Fond-du-Lac, Wisconsin
Referred to as Encephalitis[1]
53 people infected, all novices and convent candidates[2]

[edit] 1937

  • Erstfeld, Switzerland and Frohburg, Switzerland
Referred to as Abortive Poliomyelitis[1]
158 people infected[2]

[edit] 1939

  • Harefield Sanatorium in Middlesex, England
Referrred to as "Persitent myalgia following sore throat"[1]
7 hospital staff infected[2]
  • Switzerland
Referred to as Abortive Poliomyelitis[1]
73 soldiers infected[2]

[edit] 1945

  • University Hospital of Pennsylvania
Referred to as "pleurodynia with prominent neurological symptoms and no demonstrable cause"[1]

[edit] 1946

  • Iceland in 1946 and 1947
Referred to as "Mixed epidemics of poliomyelitis and a disease resembling poliomyelitis with the character of the Akureyri Disease"[1]

[edit] 1948

  • Three north coast towns in Iceland in 1948-1949
Referred to as "A disease epidemic in Iceland simulating Poliomyelitis"[1]
1090 people infected[2]

[edit] 1949

  • Adelaide, South Australia in 1949-1951
Referred to as resembling poliomyelitis.[1]
800 people infected[2]

[edit] 1950

  • Louisville, Kentuky in 1950
Later confirmed as Epidemic Neuromyasthenia.[1]
37 nursing students infected[2]
  • Upper New York State
Referred to as resembling Iceland Disease simulating Acute Anterior Poliomyelitis.[1]
19 people infected[2]

[edit] 1952

  • Middlesex Hospital Nurse's Home in London, England, 1952
Referred to as Encephalomyelitis associated with Poliomyelitis Virus[1]
14 nursing students infected[2]
  • Copenhagen, Denmark
Referred to as Epidemic Myositis[1]
More than 70 people infected[2]
  • Lakeland, Florida
Identified as Epidemic Neuromyasthenia[1]
27 people infected[2]

[edit] 1953

  • Coventry District, England
Referred to as "An illness resembling Poliomyelitis"[1]
13 people infected[2]
  • Rockville, Maryland at Chestnut Lodge Hospital
referred to as Poliomyelitis-like Epidemic Neuromyasthenia.[1]
50 people infected[2]
  • Jutland, Denmark
referred to as "Epidemic Encephalitis with Vertigo."[1]

[edit] 1954

  • Tallahassee, Florida[1]
450 people infected[2]
  • Seward, Alaska
Referred to as Benign Myalgic Encephalomyelitis (Iceland Disease)[1]
175 people infected[2]
  • British Army stationed in Berlin, Germany
Referred to as a "further outbreak of a disease resembling poliomyelitis."[1]
7 people infected[2]
  • Liverpool, England at Liverpool Hospital[1]
  • Johannesburg, South Africa, through 1955
14 people infected[2]

[edit] 1955

  • Dalston, Cumbria, England[1]
  • London, England at the Royal Free Hospital
Responsible for the terms Benign Myalgic Encephalomyelitis and Myalgic Encephalomyelitis[1]
300 hospital staff infected[2]
  • Perth, Western Australia
Referred to as "Virus Epidemic in Recurrent Waves"[1]
  • Gilfach Goch, Wales
Referred to as Benign Encephalomyelitis[1]
  • Durban City, South Africa at Addington Hospital
Referred to as "The Durban Mystery Disease"[1]
140 people infected[2]
  • Segbwema, Sierra Leone through 1956
Referred to as An outbreak of encephalomyelitis[1]
  • Patreksfordur and Thorshofn, Iceland
Referred to as Unusual response to poliomyelitis vaccination[1]
  • North West London, England at a residential home for nurses
Referred to as acute infective encephalomyelitis simulating poliomyelitis[1]

[edit] 1956

  • Ridgefield, Connecticut, United States
Referred to as an epidemic of neuromyasthenia[1]
70 people infected[2]
  • Punta Gorda, Florida, United States
Referred to as Epidemic Neuromyasthenia[1][3][4]
124 people infected[2]
  • Newton-le-Willows, Lancashire, England
Referred to as "lymphocytic meningo-encephalitis with myalgia and rash"[1]
  • Pittsfield and Williamstown, Massachusetts, United States
Referred to as Epidemic Neuromyasthenia[1]
  • Coventry, England through 1957
Referred to as Epidemic Malaise and Benign Myalgic Encephalomyelitis[1]
7 people infected[2]

[edit] 1957

  • Brighton, South Australia
Referred to as Benign Myalgic Encephalomyelitis, Coxsackie, Echo Virus Meningitis, Epidemic Myalgic Encephalomyelitis, and Mylagic Encephalomyelitis[1]

[edit] 1958

  • Athens, Greece, in a nursing school[1]
27 nursing students infected[2]

[edit] 1959

  • Newcastle upon Tyne, England
Referred to as Benign Myalgic Encephalomylitis[1]

[edit] 1961

  • A New York State convent (United States)
Referred to as Epidemic Neuromyasthenia[1]

[edit] 1964

  • Northwestern London, England through 1966
Referred to as Epidemic Malaise and Epidemic Neuromyasthenia[1]
  • A Franklin, Kentucky factory in the United States
Referred to as Neurmyasthenia[1]

[edit] 1965

  • Galveston County, Texas, United States through 1966
Referred to as an Epidemic Neuromyasthenia Variant and Epidemic Diencephalomyelitis[1]

[edit] 1968

  • Fraidek, Lebanon
Referred to as Benign Myalgic Encephalomyelitis[1]

[edit] 1969

  • State University of New York Medical Centre, United States
Referred to as Epidemic Neuromyasthenia and as an unidentified symptom complex[1]

[edit] 1970

  • Lackland Air Force Base, Texas, United States[1]
  • London, England at the Hospital for Sick Children on Great Oromond Street
Referred to as Epidemic Neuromyasthenia[1]

[edit] 1975

  • Sacramento, California, United States at the Mercy San Juan Hospital[1]
200 hospital staff infected[2]

[edit] 1977

  • Dallas and Fort Worth, Texas, United States
Referred to as Epidemic Neuromyasthenia[1]

[edit] 1979

  • Southampton, England at a girls' school
Referred to as Myalgic Encephalomyelitis[1]

[edit] 1980

  • West Kilbridge, Ayrshire, Scotland through 1981
Referred to as Myagic Encephalomyelitis[1]
  • Helensburgh, Scotland through 1983
Referred to as Coxsackie[1]

[edit] 1982

  • West Otago, New Zealand through 1984
Referred to as Myalgic Encephalomyelitis[1]
More than 20 people infected[2]

[edit] 1983

  • Gunnedah, New South Wales, Australia
Referred to as Myalgic Encephalomyelitis[5][6]

[edit] 1984

  • Incline Village in Lake Tahoe, Nevada, United States
Responsible for the term Chronic Fatigue Syndrome[1]
  • Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States affecting the North Carolina Symphony Orchestra
Referred to as LNKS[1]
  • Montreal, Quebec and Ontario, Canada[1]
  • Truckee, California through 1985[1]

[edit] 1985

  • Lyndonville, New York, United States[1]
  • Yerington, Nevada, United States at a reservation[1]

[edit] 1986

  • Placerville, California, United States
Later referred to as an "outbreak of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome"[1]

[edit] 1988

  • Columbia Community College and Sonora, California[1]

[edit] 1989

  • Rosedale Hopital, Roseville, California[1]

[edit] 1990

  • Elk Grove, California[1]


[edit] References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi Byron M. Hyde (1992). The Clinical and scientific basis of myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome. Ogdensburg, N.Y: Nightingale Research Foundation, X. ISBN 0969566204. 
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z Roberto Patarca-Montero (2004). Medical Etiology, Assessment, and Treatment of Chronic Fatigue and Malaise. Haworth Press, 6-7. ISBN 078902196X. 
  3. ^ Clement WB, Gorda P, Henderson DA, Lawrence JW, Bond JO. (October), “"Epidemic neuromyasthenia, an outbreak in Punta Gorda, Florida; an illness resembling Iceland disease"”, The Journal of the Florida Medical Association: 422-6 
  4. ^ Poskanzer DC, Henderson DA, Kuncle C, Kalter SS, Clement WB, Bond JO (22 August), “"Epidemic neuromyasthenia; an outbreak in Punta Gorda, Florida"”, The New England journal of medicine: 356-64 
  5. ^ Johnston, Elizabeth (Mon. Feb. 6, 1984), ““Town striken by mystery disease””, The Australian: 3 
  6. ^ Vol 12, No 42 (February 26), ““BME challenge and mystery””, North West and Hunter Valley Magazine: 1,2,6 
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