Mayo people
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Mayo Yoreme |
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|---|---|---|---|
| Total population | |||
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40,000 |
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| Regions with significant populations | |||
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| Languages | |||
| Mayo, Spanish | |||
| Religions | |||
| Roman Catholicism | |||
| Related ethnic groups | |||
| Yaqui |
The Mayo are a Mexican indigenous people living in the states of Sonora and Sinaloa, originally living near the Mayo River in Sonora. In their own language they call themselves Yoreme.
The Mayo language is an Uto-Aztecan language similar to Yaqui and it is spoken by approximately 40,000 people (Ethnologue 1995 census).
The Mayo substain themselves mainly by agriculture and fishing, but also practice traditional artisanry.
[edit] History of the Mayo People
1599 - Diego Martínez de Hurdaide defeats the Mayo and they sign a document of submittance to the Spanish crown.
1601 - Epidemic pox, smallpox and typhus in Sonora and Sinaloa drastically reduces the numbers of indigenous populations.
1605 - Juan Bautista Velasco, author of the "Relación de Chínipas", makes first contact with the inhabitants of the Mayo River.
1610 - Incursion of the Jesuit Pérez de Ribas in the area of the Mayo River.
1613 - Beginning conversion to Catholicism of the Mayo by Jesuits.
1615 - Pedro Méndez founds the first mission in the Mayo area.
1684 - The beginning exploitation of natural resources in the Álamos mines, provoke the displacement of the Mayo in this area.
1740 - Allying with the Yaqui, their traditional enemies, the Mayo rise against the Spanish authorities under a common Yaqui leader named Juan Calixto o Muni. The Mayo are defeated and remain subdued until 1825.
1867 - The conflicts in the Yaqui-Mayo area becomes worse because of a government campaign to subdue and pacify the Yaqui, however Mayo are also much affected by the hostile policy towards indigenous people.
1887 - Indian leader José María Leyva Cajeme is captured and killed. The Yaqui and Mayo are ultimately defeated.
1907 - Agriculture booms with the arrival of railroads in the Mayo area.
1923 - Mayo volunteers join the Obregonista army of General Helidorio Charis, fighting in the decisive battle of Ocotlán against the delahuertist rebellion
1930 - President Lázaro Cárdenas del Río begins a policy of giving land property to Mayo communities.
1934 - With the help of President Cárdenas, the Mayo begin to recuperate and obtain some basic services.
1940 - The Mexican government stops assistance to the Mayo people.
1950 - Construction of the "Adolfo Ruiz Cortines" or Mocúzari dam. The Mayo village of Conicarit is abandoned and flooded.
[edit] References
- Aguilar Zeleny, Alejandro S. "Los mayos" Etnografía contemporánea de los pueblos indígenas de México. Región Noroeste Instituto Nacional Indigenista 1995 México
- Acosta, Roberto Apuntes históricos sonorenses: la conquista temporal y espiritual del Yaqui y del Mayo Imprenta Aldina,. Mèxico (1a. ediciòn) Gobierno del Estado de Sonora 1983 México
