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Mauerbach is a village on the western boundary of Vienna, Austria. Its number of inhabitants lies between 3000 and 4000; an exact figure is difficult to determine due to the high number of secondary residences in Mauerbach. According to the 2001 census, it has a population of 3,415. It hosts the summer houses of many rich Viennese families as well as Mauerbach Charterhouse (Kartause Mauerbach), a Carthusian monastery founded in 1313, closed in 1782 and used as a hiding place for artwork extorted by Nazi Germany from Jewish people and other emigrants during the Second World War.