Mattawa River
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Mattawa River | |
| River | |
 Pimisi Lake on the Mattawa River.
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| Name origin: Algonquin language | |
| Country | Canada |
|---|---|
| State | Ontario |
| District | Nipissing District |
| Source | Trout Lake |
| - location | North Bay, Ontario |
| - coordinates | |
| Mouth | Ottawa River |
| - location | Mattawa, Ontario |
| - coordinates | |
| Length | 72 km (45 mi) |
The Mattawa River is a river in central Ontario, Canada. It flows east from Trout Lake east of North Bay and enters the Ottawa River at the town of Mattawa. It is 72 km in length. The river's name comes from the Algonquin word for "meeting of waterways".
Two provincial parks are located along it: the Mattawa River Waterway Provincial Park stretches along both sides of the river's banks for almost its full length; and Samuel de Champlain Provincial Park, located about 10 km from the river's end.
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[edit] Geography
The river follows inside an ancient fault line through the Algoma Highlands called the Mattawa Fault. This fault line marks the northern edge of an ancient rift valley called the Ottawa-Bonnechere Graben. From Lake Talon to Mattawa the river flows through a rock-walled canyon up to 150 meters (500 ft) in places.
Tributaries include the:
- Amable du Fond River
- Kaibuskong River
- North River
An interesting feature is the Porte de l'Enfer (Hell's Gate). This is a peculiar cave in the river's bank speculated to be a native ochre mine. As far back as 1761, Alexander Henry reported on this cave and the myths surrounding it. It was said to be inhabited by an evil and fierce demon, hence its name [1].
[edit] History
The Mattawa River had been used by native peoples as an important transportation corridor for many centuries. In 1615, Samuel de Champlain became the first European to travel the river [2]. For some 200 years thereafter, it formed part of the important water route leading from Montreal west to Lake Superior. It was the primary access to the vast Canadian interior in the days of the fur trade. Canoes travelling west up the Ottawa turned left at "the Forks" (the mouth of the Mattawa) to enter the "Petite Rivière" ("Small River", as compared to the Ottawa), reaching Lake Nipissing by way of "La Vase Portage", an 11 kilometers (7 mi) stretch of water and portages [3].
Other notable travellers on the Mattawa included Jean Nicolet in 1620, Jean de Brébeuf in 1626, Gabriel Lallemant in 1648, Pierre-Esprit Radisson and Médard des Groseilliers in 1658, La Verendrye in 1731, Alexander MacKenzie in 1794, and David Thompson in 1812 [2].
In the 19th century, the river provided access to large untouched stands of white pine. The river was also used to transport logs to sawmills. Almost the full length of the river was protected as a provincial park in 1970 and has been designated as a Canadian Heritage River in 1988 [4]. While logging is still an important industry in this region, its shores are now protected from further development and logging.
Today, the river and lakes are mainly used for recreation.
[edit] Canoeing the Mattawa River
The Mattawa River is a popular destination for weekend canoe camping trips. Because of well maintained portages, the river can be travelled in both directions. The route description below follows the river's flow from west to east.
Public access is on Trout Lake. Continue east on the river. Some older maps may still show the Tortue Rapids but these were blasted and no longer present. Turtle Lake follows.
From here the river goes north through several sets of small lakes (requiring a lift-over or short portage between each), before looping back and flowing into the north end of Lake Talon. But the historic canoe route bypasses this section by going to Lake Talon through Pine Lake, via Portage de la Mauvaise Musique and Portage Pin de Musique.
At the end of Lake Talon, portage around the dam. After Pimisi Lake, there are a few Class 1 rapids until the Paresseux Falls. Shortly after follows the Porte de l'Enfer (Hell's Gate) on the north bank.
There are 2 sections inside Champlain Park where the river becomes shallow and in low water is a rock-garden. The last portage before Mattawa and the Ottawa River is around the Hurdman Dam.
[edit] Mattawa River Canoe Race
The Mattawa River Canoe Race has been held each year since 1976, usually to coincide with the Mattawa Voyageur Days Festival in late July. The race runs the full length of the river from Olmsted Beach in North Bay to Mattawa, some 64 km. This popular race is open to several classes of competition, including solo and tandem canoeing, recreational, and "voyageur".
The record times for the racing classes are:
- C-1 open: 6:10:18 (2004)
- C-2 open: 5:27:53 (1995)
- C-2 mixed: 5:46:27 (2003)
[edit] See also
[edit] References
- ^ Hap Wilson, Rivers of the Upper Ottawa Valley, 1993, ISBN 1-895465-05-2
- ^ a b Archeological and Historic Sites Board of Canada
- ^ Historic Sites and Monuments Board of Canada
- ^ Mattawa River. Ontario Parks. Retrieved on 2008-02-29.
[edit] External links
- Ontario Parks - Mattawa River Waterway Park
- North Bay Mattawa Conservation Authority (includes info on the Mattawa River Canoe Race)
- Darren's Outdoor Page - Canoeing on the Mattawa River
