Marseille turn

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The 360, also known as the Rocastle Manoeuvre, is a specialised dribbling skill unique to the game of football. It is sometimes known as the 360 turn, the Roulette, Rolie Polie or the Pirouette.^[1] A number of famous footballers have been known to use it, including Diego Maradona, Zinedine Zidane, Kaká, Robinho, Ronaldo, Franck Ribéry, Ricardo Quaresma, Lionel Messi, Ronaldinho .

1 Origin
2 Execution
3 Uses and Effectiveness
4 Variations
5 Notes and references
6 External links

[edit] Origin

Its inventor is said to be the late David Rocastle, an English football player who spent the majority of his career at Arsenal F.C. However, it is believed that the player who may well be most responsible for the popularisation of the move, is Diego Maradona. The manoueuvre is widely recognised as one of his trademark moves and he has used it with a high success rate in competitive games throughout his career. The grace and flair with which Maradona executes it has led many commentators to comment on its beauty and elegance. The move has been termed “the Maradona Spin” in his honour, as it is now called "Maradona Spin" for Maradona using it.^[2] In some Playstation football games, that name is recognised as the official name for the move.

[edit] Execution

The Maradona Spin can be simplified into three basic steps; the master foot drag-back, the body spin, and the weaker foot drag-back. It can be executed while the player is stationary or during a run. The first step may be performed with either foot(in which case the other foot performs the second drag-back); however it is more common for players to initiate it with their master foot, or the foot they most prefer to kick the ball with.

[edit] Master Foot Drag-Back

The move begins with the player facing the ball, with the ball just a step away or less. The player launches off with his weaker foot, extends his master foot, steps lightly on the ball with the tips of his sole and pulls the ball along the floor towards himself. The foot should remain in contact with the ball momentarily only; once the ball is set in motion, the master foot continues in its original direction of motion and lands on the floor to provide support for the second part of the body spin.

[edit] Body Spin

The Body Spin actually commences at the same time as the master foot drag back. The executing player throws his body forward and over the ball as it is being pulled back. Concurrently, he spins his body 90 degrees by turning to facing the side of his weaker foot.

The second part of the body spin commences as the ball approaches the player's weaker foot; the master foot touches the floor and the player uses it to continue pivoting his body. He spins until he faces the the direction of his master foot in his original position.

[edit] Weaker Foot Drag-Back

The player steps on the ball with his weaker foot as it approaches to stop its motion, then pulls the ball back with the sole of his boots, in the direction of his master foot in his original position. This drag-back is performed simultaneously with the second part of the body spin. With the completion of the body spin, the direction the player faces coincides with that of the motion of the ball.

[edit] Uses and Effectiveness

The manoeuvre is most effective when the opposing player approaches head on or from the side of the player's master foot.

The first drag back enables the player to retain control of the ball by removing the ball from the arc of the opposing player's tackle. The body spin positions the back of the dribbling player's body in between the opposing player and the ball to shield the ball.^[3] The second drag-back changes the direction of the ball, and, when combined with the completion of the spin, allows for both player and ball to move in the same direction and hence gain momentum for a continued run or a shot.

When performed at speed, the manoeuvre is almost impossible to defend against as it incorporates a sudden change in direction with a continuous shielding of the ball..^[4] One tactic the defending player can call upon is to use his body to shove the dribbler off balance during the move. This may invite a foul called upon the defending player, depending on the referee's judgement. The reason players like Zidane and Maradona have been able to use it with a high success rate is due in no small part to their own considerable body mass, as well as their excellent balance.

The manoeuvre can also be used when the ball is going out of play away from the player. By using a lunging step for the first drag-back in the roulette, the player can rescue the ball and continue dribbling along the touchline in one fluid motion.

A prime example of the manoeuvre's use was given by Thierry Henry in a 2003 FA Cup tie between Arsenal and Chelsea whereby Henry used the manoeuvre to round Chelsea's goalkeeper Carlo Cudicini and place the ball into a subsequently empty net.

[edit] Variations

Zidane has been known to use different variations of the Maradona Spin instead of using his sole to drag the ball back in the move's first phase, he sometimes uses his instep, especially if he is performing the move while running at high speed. The possible merits of this variation can be derived from the difference between flat-soled court soccer shoes and soccer boots with studs. The studs of soccer boots provide less contact area with the ball when compared to a flat soled shoe. Thus a pull-back of the ball may be more effective than a dragback if studded boots are worn.