Mark Twain effect

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In some stock markets, the Mark Twain effect is the phenomenon of stock returns in October being lower than in other months. The name comes from the following quotation in Mark Twain's Pudd'nhead Wilson: "October. This is one of the peculiarly dangerous months to speculate in stocks. The others are July, January, September, April, November, May, March, June, December, August, and February."

Both the 1929 and 1987 stock market crashes occurred in October.

Evidence in support of this effect was provided by Cadsby (1989)[citation needed] based on data on Canadian stock market.

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