Mark Trail
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Mark Trail is a daily newspaper comic strip created by the American cartoonist Ed Dodd. Introduced April 15, 1946, the strip centers on environmental and ecological themes. Mark Trail, the main character, is a photojournalist and magazine writer whose assignments lead him into danger and adventure. His assignments inevitably lead him to discover environmental misdeeds, most often solved with a crushing right cross. In 2006, King Features syndicated the strip to nearly 175 newspapers.
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[edit] Dodd and his conservationist hero
Mark Trail was introduced and syndicated through the New York Post in 1946 to 45 newspapers. Dodd, working as a national parks guide, had long been interested in environmental issues. The character is loosely based on the life and career of Charles N. Elliott (November 29, 1906 - May 1, 2000), at the time a U.S. forest ranger who edited Outdoor Life magazine from 1956-1974. Dodd once said that the physical model for Trail was John Wayt, his former neighbor in north Atlanta.
Mark Trail, a soft-spoken outdoor magazine writer and photojournalist, lives in the fictional Lost Forest National Forest with his St. Bernard, Andy; veterinarian Doc Davis; Doc's daughter, and Trail's girlfriend and eventual wife, Cherry, and their adopted son, Rusty.[1] "Mark reflects a reverence for God's creatures, nature, and the conservation of woods, water, and wildlife" (Hill, 2003). His assignments in recent years have involved more sleuthing than wildlife photojournalism.
[edit] Jack Davis, Jack Elrod, Tom Hill
During the late 1940s, the cartoonist Jack Davis worked one summer inking Mark Trail, which he later parodied in Mad as "Mark Trade." In addition to Davis, Dodd also hired Jack Elrod, Tom Hill, Barbara Chen (who did the lettering) and Rhett Carmichael. Advertising illustrator Jack Elrod, who as a Boy Scout had met Dodd when the latter was a Scout leader, joined the Mark Trail team at its Atlanta, Georgia studio in 1950 as background artist (Agena). The strip's popularity grew through the mid-1960s, with Mark Trail appearing in nearly 500 newspapers through the North America Syndicate.
Tom Hill, a naturalist and artist who joined Dodd on Mark Trail in 1946, drew the Sunday strip, devoted to natural history and wildlife education, until 1978; according to his son Jack (Hill 2003), Hill drew most of the daily strip art too after 1950, freeing Dodd to specialize in the scripting. Dodd retired in 1978 shortly after the death of Hill. Elrod then continued the strip, adding new characters and taking over the Sunday edition. Based on the complaint of a reader in 1983, Elrod had Mark Trail abandon the trademark pipe that had been part of him from the beginning under likewise pipesmoking Dodd; and in 1993, Mark and Cherry finally married.
[edit] Honors
In 1991, Congress allocated 16,400 acres (67 km²) of former logged forest along the Appalachian Trail in Georgia to be designated the Mark Trail Wilderness. As of 2006, Mark Trail remains the only comic strip character to be recognized in such a manner, although an official association between Walt Kelly's Pogo and the Okefenokee Swamp was established in 1987, with an Annual Pogo Fest, followed by Pogo and the U.S. Postal Service's 1989 inauguration of a National Wetlands postcard dedicated to the Okefenokee Swamp.
An annual Mark Trail Award is presented to individuals, organizations or corporations that assist in expanding the radio network, or recognizing courageous effort in saving lives during weather or civil emergencies. Mark Trail has also appeared in a number of publications by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service in efforts to educate children concerning conservation and environmentalism.
[edit] Controversies
According to the Fish and wildlife Service, "Elrod's comics typically present information promoting public awareness of imperiled species."[2] This is most typically true of the Sunday strips, which are presented not as part of the plot continuity of the weekday strips, but as a lecture, frequently with Mark Trail in the foreground addressing the audience about the interesting facts and perhaps the vulnerable plight of a creature illustrated in the background.[3]
A notable exception is the strip that ran on March 11, 2007, which depicted the African Elephant not as imperiled, but as a peril itself.[4] Letters to the editor appeared in numerous papers where the strip had long run with little note, taking particular issue with the strip's contention that "The two main killers in East Africa are HIV/AIDS and wild animals, particularly elephants."[5]
A more general issue has been changes in the strip. When it began in 1946, Mark was a young man just out of the army, looking up the Davises for a job. Subsequently, in well-written stories of adventure, drama, danger, and romance, he and Cherry faced problems with interesting people, and with each other, and not always with happy endings. They were good people who stood up for their principles, but remained believably human, and they showed gradual maturing to middle age over the years as Mark's earlier ward Scotty grew up, went to college, and became a ranger. The stories were enhanced by a unique, richly detailed art style that Dodd and Hill developed, giving the strip an evocative ambiance of the great outdoors.
But as noted by Jack Hill (2003), "the quality of Mark Trail declined after 1978," with a loss of accuracy and detail and "a free-floating approach to perspective." In addition, time froze: scenes and plots have been recycled from the past, Mark now stays "forever 32" (King Features Syndicate), and the characters no longer evolve or show much of their earlier personalities. Ironically, these changes, along with predictable villains (who invariably have facial hair with especially pronounced sideburns), uneven art work, quirky dialog, and misplaced speech balloons (often pointed at foregrounded animals), created an amusing charm that attracted a new following among fans called "Trailheads" (Hill 2003, and Adventures).
[edit] Radio
On January 30, 1950, Mutual Broadcasting System launched a radio adaptation, Mark Trail, featuring Matt Crowley in the title role. The 30-minute episodes aired three times weekly, and 174 episodes were produced, running until June 8, 1951. A second radio series, starring Staats Cotsworth, was broadcast on ABC beginning September 18, 1950, with 51 half-hour shows that ran thrice weekly until January, 1952. The series then switched to a 15-minute format, producing 125 episodes that aired weekdays through June 27, 1952. Only a handful of the 15-minute episodes are known to have survived.
The Minneapolis-St. Paul, public radio station KFAI hosted Mark Trail Radio Theatre starting in 1991. Produced by Babs Economon, its 17 adventures aired in 228 weekly installments on Friday evenings through September 2002.
In 1997, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) began using Mark Trail as its official mascot, making him the voice of the National Weather Service and NOAA Weather and All Hazards Radio.
[edit] Books
Between 1955 and 1959, Mark Trail's adventures were reprinted in comic books by Fawcett Publications and then Standard/Nedor/Pines. Through the 1950s and into the 1980s, Ed Dodd did numerous books and coloring books, including:
- Mark Trail's 2nd book of Animals: (North American Mammals) by Ed Dodd (1959)
- Mark Trail's Book Of Animals (North American Mammals) by Ed Dodd (1965)
- Mark Trail's Hunting Tips by Ed Dodd (1969)
- Mark Trail's Cooking Tips by Ed Dodd (1971)
- Mark Trail's Camping Tips by Ed Dodd (1971)
- Mark Trail in the Smokies!: A Naturalist's Look at Great Smokey Mountains National Park and the Southern Appalachians by Ed Dodd (1989)
- Wetlands Coloring Book
- Take Pride in America: A Coloring Book
- Mark Trail Tells the Story of a Fish in Trouble
There was also a 1950s magazine beginning with the title Mark Trail: The Magazine of Adventure for Boys that merged with The American Boy and The Open Road for Boys.
[edit] Characters
- Mark Trail - Wildlife photographer and writer for Woods and Wildlife Magazine. In his early 30s; honest and upright; his strongest imprecation is famously "What th'?!"
- Rusty - Introduced in 1999, Rusty is the son of an alcoholic and abusive father. Mark's intervention saved his life and he was adopted by Trail in 2001.
- Andy - Mark's faithful Saint Bernard. Neutered 2000.
- Cherry Davis - Longtime (47 years) girlfriend of Mark until they married in 1993, living with Mark and her father (Doc) at Lost Forest; usually a support character, although she has sometimes (e.g., 1998) had her own wildlife adventures.
- "Doc" Davis (Tom Davis) - Veterinarian; Cherry's elderly father.
- Johnny Malotte – A presumably French-Canadian outdoorsman friend of Mark's since the 1950s, living with his family in the Quetico area of western Ontario, and recently reintroduced into the strip.
- Kelly Welly – Pretty wildlife photographer whose flirtations with Mark, and competitiveness with him, land both of them in trouble; a semiregular character.
- Bill Ellis – Mark and Kelly's editor at Woods and Wildlife Magazine, appearing intermittently when sending Mark on another assignment.
- Ranger Rick Rogers - Wildlife ranger (2006), one of Mark's ubiquitous friends and contacts around the country who tend to appear in single adventures (possibly named for the National Wildlife Federation's mascot Ranger Rick)
[edit] Environmentalism themed comics
Several other environmentalism, conservation or outdoor themed comics have appeared over the years, including Woodsy Owl and Smokey Bear.
[edit] References
[edit] Sources
- Adventures of Mark Trail.
- King Features Syndicate. Mark Trail.
- Agena, Eric. Mark Trail, by Ed Dodd. ComicStripFan
- Hill, Jack. 2003. Memories of Lost Forest. Talk before the Pleasant Oaks Gem and Mineral Society, June 5, 2003.
- Gunn, Jerry. 2007. Mark Trail, alive and well and now 60. AccessNoGeorgia.com, NE Georgia History Center.
[edit] Notes
[edit] External links
- King Features' description of the Mark Trail comic
- New Georgia Encyclopedia: Ed Dodd
- Toonopedia article on Mark Trail
