Maria Grinberg

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Maria Grinberg (Russian: Mария Израилевна Гринберг, Marija Israilevna Grinberg) (1908 - July 14, 1978), was a Russian pianist and teacher.

Maria Grinberg was probably one of the greatest pianists of the 20th century.^[1] However, she was unsuccessful in making her own artistic career work, and is virtually unknown in the West. Maria Grinberg was born in 1908 in Odessa, Ukraine into a family of the local intelligentsia. Her father was a Hebrew scholar and her mother taught piano privately. Until the age of 18, Maria took piano lessons from Odessa's noted teacher David Aisberg. Eventually she became a pupil of Felix Blumenfeld (who also taught Vladimir Horowitz) and later, after his death, continued her studies with Konstantin Igumnov at the Moscow Conservatory. In 1935, she won the Second Prize at the Second All-Union Pianist Competition. Grinberg seemed set to become a major figure of the Russian piano school. However, in 1937 both her husband and her father were arrested and executed as "enemies of the people".^{[citation needed]} The pianist was fired by the state-run management and got a job as an accompanist of an amateur choreography group. During that time, she occasionally participated in concert performances playing timpani. Somehow, she later was readmitted as a piano soloist. She became a much-sought after pianist in Moscow, with concerts in Leningrad, Riga, Tallinn, Voronezh, Tbilisi, Baku and other cities all over the Soviet Union. At the age of 50, after Stalin died in 1953, she was allowed to travel abroad. All in all, Grinberg went on 14 performing tours - 12 times in the Soviet bloc countries and twice in Holland where she became a nationally acclaimed figure. Critics compared her performances with those of Horowitz, Rubinstein, and Clara Haskil.^{[citation needed]} Only at the age of 55, she was granted her first - and last - honorary title of Distinguished Artist of the Russian Soviet Federation.^{[citation needed]} At 61, she was given a professorship at the the Gnessin Institute of Music, but neither the Moscow Conservatoire nor the jury of the Tchaikovsky International Competition offered her a seat. When she was in her late 40s, she noticed that her vision had become significantly worse. She addressed the problem, and it turned out that she had a brain tumor which required surgery. Within a few months, she celebrated her 50th anniversary by performing three piano concertos in one evening - Bach's f minor, Beethoven Third, and Rachmaninoff's Third with Moscow Philharmonic Orchestra.^{[citation needed]}

In 1970, her personal 13-LP album set featuring all Beethoven's 32 sonatas was released. This was the first time a Russian pianist recorded the complete set of the Beethoven piano sonatas.^{[citation needed]} Three months before the pianist died, in 1978, critic Yudenich called these recordings in the Sovetskaya Muzyka magazine "a true feat of art".^{[citation needed]}

Maria Grinberg died on the 14th of July, 1978 in Tallinn, some ten weeks before her seventieth birthday. When her daughter Nika came to Tallinn's funeral home, the undertaker declined to take money for the last services, as he knew who the deceased lady was.^{[citation needed]} Gnessin Institute's director, chorus master Vladimir Minin (the one who a year before forced Grinberg to resign from her teaching position), refused to hold a mourning ceremony on the Institute's premises, and only thanks to the efforts of Deputy Minister of Culture Kukharsky, the great pianist was given her last honor in a proper way.^{[citation needed]}

Her sense of humor was legendary. Those who knew her recall a story. Her patronymic [the name of the father, customarily used in Russian names] was Israilyevna (that is, "daughter of Israel", the latter being the first name of her father). During the period of heightened hostilities between the Soviet Union and the State of Israel in 1967, which the Soviets always addressed as "Israeli aggressors," Maria Grinberg always introduced herself as "Maria Aggressorovna."^{[citation needed]}