Marcin Dunin
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| Marcin Dunin Sulgostowski | |
 Statue of Marcin Dunin in Poznań Archcathedral Basilica
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| Born | 11 November 1774 Wał, Poland |
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| Died | 26 December 1842 (aged 68) Poznań, Grand Duchy of Posen |
| Occupation | Minister of Religion |
| Parents | Felicjan, Brygida (née Szczakowska) |
Marcin Dunin Sulgostowski of Łabędź coat of arms (German: Martin von Dunin) (born 11 November 1774 in Wał - died 26 December 1842 in Poznań) was archbishop of Poznań and Gniezno, primate of Poland.
He was the oldest son of the not wealthy land owner Felicjan and Brygida née Szczakowska. He grew up under the protection of his uncle Wacław Szczakowski. His education started in the Jesuits school in Rawa Mazowiecka, at this time a community in Congress Poland. He passed Abitur on the German-languaged gymnasium in Bromberg, now Bydgoszcz, at this time the capital of the Royal Prussian Bromberg district. Between 1793 - 1797 he studied theology in Rome (Polish Rzym) at the Collegium Germanicum. After his graduation he became a priest.
After his return to Prussia he started his ecclesial career, he served as a canon in Wiślica (Wislica) and Włocławek (Leslau), at this time Prussian communities. In 1815 he became chancellor of the Gniezno (Gnesen) Curia. He also held some secular offices - in 1817 he became the royal Prussian counsellor for education in Posen District.
Prussian authorities, considering Dunin's loyalty to the King of Prussia, recommended him in 1830 as a candidate for the thrones of archbishops of Poznań and Gniezno. He was appointed for those offices in 1830 and became bishop one year later. As a proof of his loyalty, on demand of the president of Grand Duchy of Posen Eduard Flottwell, Dunin wrote a pastoral letter condemning the November Uprising. On the other hand Dunin got a permission for Polish priests that did not know German language enough to write to German authorities in Polish.
In 1837 the conflict between Prussian authorities and the archbishop began. Dunin, according to the breve of Pius VIII (1830), announced that all mixed marriages between Catholics and Protestants had to swear in that all their children will be raised as Catholics. For this reason the Prussian authorities sentenced Dunin for 6 months of internment and losing his archbishopric thrones. His penalty started on April 3 in 1839 in Berlin. The archbishop, considering that this sentence is an unjustified intervention of secular authority into ecclesial law he left Berlin and went to Poznań, were he was arrested. He was later send to prison in stronghold at Kolberg (Kołobrzeg). After ten months of penalty the new king Frederick William IV deigned him freedom. The monarch, to prevent a possible uprising of the partial Polish majority of the Grand Duchy, decided the dismissal of Flottwell.
Dunin held the Prussian Order of the Black Eagle.
After his return to Poznań Dunin swore loyalty to the new king, but he continued his anti-Prussian politics in church until his death. He was buried in the archcathedral of Poznań.
[edit] Works
- Wilhelm von Schütz; Martin von Dunin: Ueber die preussische Rechtsansicht wegen der gemischten Ehen. Beigefügtes Werk: Nebst Rechtfertigung des Herrn v. Dunin auf die von der königl. Regierung in Berlin durch die Staatszeitung vom 31. Dezember 1838 veröffentlichte Erklärung. Regensburg: Manz, 1839.
- Martin von Dunin und Franz Pohl: Erzbischof von Gnesen und Posen: eine biographische und kirchenhistorische Skizze. Marienburg: Dormann 1843. Posen: W. Stefański, 1850.
- Marcin Dunin: Książka do nabożeństwa z polecenia najprzewielebniejszego śp. arcybiskupa Dunina dla wszystkich katolików szczególniej zaś dla wygody katolików Archidiecezyi Poznańskiéj i Gnieźnieńskiéj. 2. ed. 1850.
- Marcin Dunin: Książka do nabożeństwa dla wszystkich katolików, szczególniéj zaś dla wygody katolików archidyecezyi gnieźnieńskiéj i poznańskiéj / z polecenia najprzewielebniejszego arcybiskupa Dunin ułożone. Leszno: E. Günther, 1853.
- Marcin Dunin: Książka do nabożeństwa dla wszystkich katolików, szczególniéj zaś dla wygody katolików archidyecezyi gnieźnieńskiéj i poznańskiéj z polecenia najprzewielebniejszego X. arcy-biskupa Dunina ułożona, na nowo z rozkazu najprzewielebniejszego arcy-biskupa X. Leona Przyłuskiego przejrzana. Gnesen: J. B. Lange, 1861.
- Marcin Dunin: Książka do nabożeństwa dla wszystkich katolików, szczególniéj zaś dla wygody katolików archidyecezyi gnieźnieńskiéj i poznańskiéj / z polecenia najprzewielebniejszego X. arcy-biskupa Dunina ułożona, na nowo z rozkazu najprzewielebniejszego arcy-biskupa X. Leona Przyłuskiego przejrzana. Gnesen: J. B. Lange, 1864.
- Marcin Dunin: Książka do nabożeństwa dla wszystkich katolików / ułożona podług książki wydanéj z polecenia Najprzewielbniejszego Arcy-biskupa Dunina. Tschenstochau: Kohn und Oderfeld, 1887.
- Marcin Dunin: Nowy pana naszego Jezusa Chrystusa Testament z łacińskiego na język kpolski prezełożony przez Jakóba Wujka. Posen: Nakł. Ksiegarni Katolickiej, 1888.
[edit] References
- Antoni Gąsiorowski, Jerzy Topolski (red.): Wielkopolski Słownik Biograficzny. Warszawa-Poznań,1983. PWN ISBN 83-01-02722-3
- Anton Graf: Die Erzbischöfe von Cölln und Posen. Darstellung der welthistorischen Bedeutung der katholischen Frage in Preussen. Leipzig, Müller 1838.
- Martin von Dunin und Franz Pohl: Erzbischof von Gnesen und Posen: eine biographische und kirchenhistorische Skizze. Marienburg: Dormann 1843. Posen: W. Stefański, 1850.
- Józef Knjaź Walkowski: Ważne źródło do historyi arcybiskupa Dunina; Ks. Józefa Walkowskiego Pamiętniki pisane w niewoli kołobrzeskiej. Wyd. i wstępem poprzedził Ks. Tadeusz Trzcíński. Poznań: Księgarnia Św. Wojciecha, 1908.
- Manfred Laubert: Die Wahl Martin von Dunin zum Erzbischof von Gnesen und Posen. Aus: Jahrbücher für Kultur und Geschichte der Slaven; 2.1926, S. 35 - 45.
- Bernhard Stasiewski: Martin von Dunin. In: Neue Deutsche Biographie, Bd. 4, 1959, S. 197 f.
[edit] External links
| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| NAME | Dunin, Marcin |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Dunin, Martin;Dunin, Marcin;Dunin-Sulgostowski, Marcin;Dunin, Martin von |
| SHORT DESCRIPTION | Roman catholic archbishop of Gnesen and Posen |
| DATE OF BIRTH | 11 November 1774 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Wał, Poland |
| DATE OF DEATH | 26 December 1842 |
| PLACE OF DEATH | Poznań, Poland |
