Manganese(II) oxide
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| Manganese(II) oxide | |
|---|---|
| Other names | manganous oxide |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS number | [1344-43-0] |
| Properties | |
| Molecular formula | MnO |
| Molar mass | 70.937 g/mol |
| Appearance | green |
| Density | 5.37 g/cm3 |
| Melting point |
?°C |
| Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) Infobox disclaimer and references |
|
Manganese(II) oxide is the chemical compound with formula MnO. It occurs in nature as the rare mineral manganosite[1].
[edit] Preparation and chemistry
MnO can be prepared by the reduction of any higher oxide with hydrogen[2] e.g.:
- MnO2 + H2 → MnO + H2O
Commercially it is prepared by reduction of MnO2 with hydrogen, CO or methane [1] e.g. :
- MnO2 + CO → MnO + CO2
MnO can also be prepared by heating MnCO3 in vacuo: [3]
- MnCO3 → MnO + CO2
MnO is insoluble in water[1]and is a basic oxide which dissolves in acids, forming MnII salts.[2]
[edit] Structure and Properties
MnO has the NaCl, rock salt structure, where cations and anions are both octahedrally coordinated.[2] The composition of MnO can vary from MnO to MnO1.045.[2]
Below 118 K MnO is antiferromagnetic.[2] MnO has the distinction of being one of the first compounds[4] to have its magnetic structure determined by neutron diffraction in 1951.[5]. This study showed that the Mn2+ ions form a face centered cubic magnetic sub-lattice where there are ferromagnetically coupled sheets which are anti-parallel with adjacent sheets.
[edit] References
- ^ a b c Pradyot Patnaik (2002) Handbook of Inorganic Chemicals, McGraw-Hill Professional, ISBN 0070494398
- ^ a b c d e Greenwood, N. N.; Earnshaw, A. (1997). Chemistry of the Elements, 2nd Edition, Oxford:Butterworth-Heinemann. ISBN 0-7506-3365-4.
- ^ W.H. McCarroll (1994) Oxides- solid sate chemistry, Encyclopedia of Inorganic chemistry Ed. R. Bruce King, John Wiley & Sons ISBN 0471936200
- ^ J.E Greedon, (1994), Magnetic oxides in Encyclopedia of Inorganic chemistry Ed. R. Bruce King, John Wiley & Sons ISBN 0471936200
- ^ Neutron Diffraction by Paramagnetic and Antiferromagnetic Substances C. G. Shull, W. A. Strauser, and E. O. Wollan, Phys. Rev. 83, 333 - 345 (1951), doi:10.1103/PhysRev.83.333
