Malagasy presidential election, 1996
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The Malagasy presidential election, 1996 was held shortly after the impeachment of President of Madagascar Albert Zafy and the appointment of his interim successor, Norbert Ratsirahonana.
In the first round held on 3 November 1996, former President Didier Ratsiraka took first place with 36.6% of the vote, necessitating a second round against Zafy, who had been able to run despite his impeachment and received 23.4%.[1] LEADER-Fanilo candidate Herizo Razafimahaleo, who took third place with 15.1%, backed Ratsiraka for the second round.[2] Ratsirahonana, the acting president and prime minister, who stood as a candidate and received fourth place with 10.1% of the vote,[3] backed Zafy.[1]
In the second round, held on 29 December, Ratsiraka achieved a narrow victory. On 6 January 1997, Zafy alleged that vote rigging and irregularities had occurred.[4] Final results confirming Ratsiraka's victory were announced by the High Constitutional Court on 31 January,[5] and he was sworn in on 9 February.[6]
| First round | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Candidate | Party | Number of votes | Percentage of votes |
| Didier Ratsiraka | Pillar and Structure for the Salvation of Madagascar | 1,321,388 | 36.61 |
| Albert Zafy | National Union for Development and Democracy | 844,459 | 23.39 |
| Herizo Razafimahaleo | Economic Liberalism and Democratic Action for Recovery | 546,211 | 15.13 |
| Norbert Ratsirahonana | Judged By Your Work Party | 365,896 | 10.14 |
| Richard Andriamanjato | Party of the Independence Congress of Madagascar - Renewal | 178,352 | 4.94 |
| Jean Eugène Voninahitsy | Independent | 100,652 | 2.79 |
| Alain Ramaroson | Independent | 55,930 | 1.55 |
| Guy Willy Razanamasy | Confederation of Civil Societies for Development | 42,873 | 1.19 |
| Jérôme Marojama Razanabahiny | Independent | 32,812 | 0.91 |
| Tovonanahary Rabetsitonta | Action and Reflection Group for the Development of Madagascar | 32,518 | 0.90 |
| Philippe Rakotovao | Independent | 28,777 | 0.80 |
| Evariste Vazaha | Independent | 16,071 | 0.45 |
| Albert Andriamanana | Independent | 15,202 | 0.42 |
| Charles Ramanantsoa | Independent | 15,160 | 0.42 |
| Désiré Rakotoarijaona | Independent | 13,488 | 0.37 |
| Turnout: 58.41% Source: Francophonie observer mission report |
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| Second round | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Candidate | Party | Number of votes | Percentage of votes |
| Didier Ratsiraka | Pillar and Structure for the Salvation of Madagascar | 1,608,321 | 50.71 |
| Albert Zafy | National Union for Development and Democracy | 1,563,137 | 49.29 |
| Turnout: 49.66% Source: Philip M. Allen, "Impeachment as Parliamentary Coup d'Etat", in Checking Executive Power: Presidential Impeachment in Comparative Perspective (2003), ed. Jody C. Baumgartner, Naoko Kada, page 91. |
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[edit] References
- ^ a b Philip M. Allen, "Impeachment as Parliamentary Coup d'Etat", in Checking Executive Power: Presidential Impeachment in Comparative Perspective (2003), ed. Jody C. Baumgartner, Naoko Kada, page 91.
- ^ "Leader Fanilo sous la IIIe République" (timeline), Herizo.com (French).
- ^ "Rapport de la Mission d'Observation de l'Élection Présidentielle du 29 décembre 1996 (2è tour)", democratie.francophonie.org (French).
- ^ "Madagascar: Zafy alleges vote rigging, "irregularities" in presidential final ballot", Malagasy National Radio, Antananarivo, January 6, 1997.
- ^ "Madagascar: Didier Ratsiraka wins presidential election by small margin", AFP, January 31, 1997.
- ^ "Ratsiraka sworn in as Madagascar's new president", Television Malagasy (Antanarivo), February 9, 1997.
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