Madrid (Spanish Congress Electoral District)

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Madrid is one of the 52 electoral districts (circunscripciones) used for the Spanish Congress of Deputies - the lower chamber of the Spanish Parliament, the Cortes Generales. It has the largest electorate of all the 52 districts. Madrid is the largest city. Other municipalities with an electorate over 100,000 are (in descending order) Móstoles, Leganés, Alcalá de Henares, Fuenlabrada, Alcorcón and Getafe. ^[1]

Traditionally the two main parties candidates for Prime Minister are the heads of the Madrid list for their respective parties.

Contents 1 Boundaries and electoral system 2 Eligibility 3 Number of members 4 Party strength by municipality 4.1 Party strength in largest muncipalities 5 Summary of seats won 1977-2004 5.1 Vote share summary 1977-2004 6 2008 Election 7 Results 7.1 2004 General Election 7.2 2000 General Election 7.3 1996 General Election 7.4 1993 General Election 7.5 1989 General Election 7.6 1986 General Election 7.7 1982 General Election 7.8 1979 General Election 7.9 1977 General Election 8 External links 9 References

[edit] Boundaries and electoral system

Under Article 68 of the Spanish constitution ^[2] the boundaries must be the same as the province of Madrid and under Article 140 this can only be altered with the approval of congress. Voting is on the basis of universal suffrage in a secret ballot. The electoral system used is closed list proportional representation with seats allocated using the D'Hondt method. Only lists which poll 3% or more of all valid votes cast, including votes "en blanco" i.e. for "none of the above" can be considered for seats. Under article 12 of the constitution, the minimum voting age is 18.

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[edit] Eligibility

Article 67.3 of the Spanish Constitution prohibits dual membership of the Cortes and regional assemblies, meaning that candidates must resign from Regional Assemblies if successfully elected. Article 70 also makes active judges, magistrates, public defenders, serving military personnel, active police officers and members of constitutional and electoral tribunals ineligible. ^[3]

[edit] Number of members

In the general elections of 1977, 1979 and 1982 Madrid returned 32 members. That figure was increased to 33 members for the 1986 General Election, to 34 members for the 1993 election and then to its current figure of 35 from the 2004 General Election.

Under Spanish electoral law, all provinces are entitled to a minimum of 2 seats with a remaining 248 seats apportioned according to population. ^[4] These laws are laid out in detail in the 1985 electoral law. (Ley Orgánica del Régimen Electoral General) The practical effect of this law has been to overrepresent smaller provinces at the expense of larger provinces like Madrid.

In 2004 for example Spain had 34,571,831 voters giving an average of 98,777 voters per deputy ^[5]. In Madrid however the number of voters per deputy was 127,377^[6] the second largest ratio after Barcelona. In contrast the ratio was 38,714 and 26,177 respectively in the smallest provinces of Teruel ^[7] and Soria. ^[8]

[edit] Party strength by municipality

Generally certain patterns have emerged in recent elections. The Popular Party (PP) normally polls best in the City of Madrid, with the PSOE polling best in the smaller municipalities, particularly those in the 'sur metropolitano' (South Metropolitan region) area which consists of the satellite towns to the immediate south and of Madrid. ^[9]

Within the Madrid autonomous community, PP generally polled best in the municipalities in the north and west of the community, while PSOE does best in the south and east of the community. IU normally failed to break the 10% barrier, but did do relatively well in many of the smaller municipalities and in one of them, Berzosa del Lozoya, in the north of the autonomous community, outpolled the other parties, albeit by just one vote out of 106 cast.

Exactly the same pattern was evident in 2004 within Madrid city itself with PP polling best in the districts in the north western half of the city and PSOE doing best in the south eastern half. PP polled best in the districts of Chamartín (67.9%), Salamanca (67.7%) and Chamberí (64.9%) while PSOE's best vote shares came in the Vallecas districts where they polled 61.4% in Puente de Vallecas and 56.9% in Villa de Vallecas. IU's best result was in Centro where they polled 10.4%. ^[10]

[edit] Party strength in largest muncipalities

Municipality	PP	PSOE	IU
Madrid Autonomous Community	46.0	45.0	6.6
Madrid	48.7	42.7	6.4
Móstoles	39.0	51.7	6.5
Leganés	33.8	54.9	8.4
Alcalá de Henares	40.9	48.9	7.1
Fuenlabrada	31.5	59.0	6.5
Alcorcón	39.0	51.7	6.5
Getafe	33.8	53.7	9.8
Torrejón de Ardoz	38.0	50.1	7.0
Alcobendas	46.1	44.0	4.9
Coslada	32.9	52.1	9.8
Parla	26.5	62.3	7.0
Pozuelo de Alarcón	62.8	29.3	3.2

Only municipalities with more than 50,000 voters shown.

Source: ^[11]

[edit] Summary of seats won 1977-2004

	1977	1979	1982	1986	1989	1993	1996	2000	2004	2008
Democratic Centre Union (UCD)	11	12	1
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE)	11	12	18	15	12	13	11	12	16	15
United Left (IU)	4	4	1	2	5	5	6	3	2	1
People's Party (PP)	3	3	11	11	12	16	17	19	17	18
Popular Socialist Party (PSP)	3
National Union (UN)		1
Democratic and Social Centre (CDS)			1	5	4
Union, Progress and Democracy (UPyD)										1

Seats shown for the People's Party include seats won by their predecessors, the Popular Alliance and the Popular Coalition before 1989. Seats shown for United Left include seats won by the Communist Party of Spain before 1986.

[edit] Vote share summary 1977-2004

	1977	1979	1982	1986	1989	1993	1996	2000	2004
Democratic Centre Union (UCD)	32.0	33.1	3.4
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE)	31.7	33.3	52.1	40.8	33.5	34.5	31.4	33.1	44.1
United Left (IU)	10.7	13.5	5.0	6.0	15.4	14.6	16.4	9.1	6.4
People's Party (PP)	10.5	8.6	32.3	32.0	34.2	43.9	49.3	52.5	45.0
Popular Socialist Party (PSP)	9.2
National Union (UN)		4.8	0.8
Democratic and Social Centre (CDS)			4.1	13.9	11.0	3.0	0.4	0.1	0.2

[edit] 2008 Election

As traditionally the prime ministerial candidate of each party is the leader of the Madrid list, PSOE's, PP's and IU's lists will be led by Jose Luis Rodriguez Zapatero, Mariano Rajoy and Gaspar Llamazares respectively. In many political parties it is usually the number two on these lists who are considered the leader and left for discussion within the regional party branches. Up to December 2008 it is only clear that current Second Vice-President Pedro Solbes has been offered this position ^[12] and that current confederal environment Secretary of the Workers' Commissions trade union, Joaquin Nieto has been offered this position for IU ^[13] Pending ratificton by the Regional and Federal Political Councils of the organisation. Manuel Pizzarro, former Chairman of ENDESA, was chosen to run as number two in the madrid list of the Peoples's Party, his draft was announced at the time that current Mayor Madrid Alberto Ruiz Gallardón was rejected to take part in the party list.

[edit] Results

PSOE had their best result in Madrid since 1982 although the PP still narrowly retained the top position. IU lost a seat and had their biggest drop in percentage terms in any of the 52 districts.

[edit] 2004 General Election

[discuss] – [edit]
Summary of the 14 March 2004 Congress of Deputies election results in Madrid.

Parties and alliances	Votes	%	Seats	Members elected
People's Party (Partido Popular)	1,576,636	45.02	17	Mariano Rajoy, Rodrigo Rato (Resigned), Carlos Aragonés, Rogelio Baón, Ismael Bardisa, Gabriel Elgorriaga, Elena Garcia-Alcañiz, Fernando López-Amór, Jesús López-Medel, Mario Mingo, Eugenio Nassare, Beatriz Rodríguez Salmones, Soraya Sáenz de Santamaria, Julio Sanchez Fierro, Roberto Soravilla, Juan Carlos Vera, Francisco José Villar
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (Partido Socialista Obrero Español)	1,544,676	44.11	16	José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero, María Fernández, Alfredo Pérez Rubalcaba, Mercedes Cabrera, Cristina Narbona, José Acosta Cubero, Elviro Aranda, Juan Antonio Barrios Rosa Blanco, Lucila Corral, Juan Julián Eloa, Luis Fernández, Dolores Garcia-Hierro, Antonio Gutierrez, Antonio Hernando, Joaquín Leguina, Diego López Garrido
United Left	225,109	6.43	2	Gaspar Llamazares, Ángel Pérez (Resigned), Montserrat Muñoz
Los Verdes	19,600	0.56	0
Others	63,719	3.88	0

[edit] 2000 General Election

[discuss] – [edit]
Summary of the 12 March 2000 Congress of Deputies election results in Madrid.

Parties and alliances	Votes	%	Seats	Members elected
People's Party (Partido Popular)	1,625,831	52.52	19	Jose Maria Aznar
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (Partido Socialista Obrero Español)	1,023,212	33.06	12	Joaquin Almunia
United Left	282,180	9.12	3	Francisco Frutos
Others	106,130	3.40	0

[edit] 1996 General Election

[discuss] – [edit]
Summary of the 3 March 1996 Congress of Deputies election results in Madrid.

Parties and alliances	Votes	%	Seats	Members elected
People's Party (Partido Popular)	1,642,489	49.29	17	Jose Maria Aznar
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (Partido Socialista Obrero Español)	1,046,904	31.42	11	Felipe Gonzalez
United Left	547,901	16.44	6	Julio Anguita
Others	52,825	1.60	0

[edit] 1993 General Election

This election saw the CDS fall just short of the 3% threshold needed to secure representation and as a result they failed to win the seat that they would have won had there been no threshold. To date this was the only election where the threshold has cost a party representation.

[discuss] – [edit]
Summary of the 6 June 1993 Congress of Deputies election results in Madrid.

Parties and alliances	Votes	%	Seats	Members elected
People's Party (Partido Popular)	1,373,042	43.92	16	Jose Maria Aznar
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (Partido Socialista Obrero Español)	1,093,015	34.96	13	Felipe Gonzalez
United Left	455,685	14.58	5	Julio Anguita
Democratic and Social Centre	93,347	2.99	0
Others	80,507	2.60	0

[edit] 1989 General Election

[discuss] – [edit]
Summary of the 29 October 1989 Congress of Deputies election results in Madrid.

Parties and alliances	Votes	%	Seats	Members elected
People's Party (Partido Popular)	919,357	34.22	12	Jose Maria Aznar
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (Partido Socialista Obrero Español)	899,723	33.49	12	Felipe Gonzalez
United Left	414,392	15.42	5	Julio Anguita
Democratic and Social Centre	295,189	11.00	4	Adolfo Suarez
Others	130,751	4.90	0

[edit] 1986 General Election

[discuss] – [edit]
Summary of the 22 June 1986 Congress of Deputies election results in Madrid.

Parties and alliances	Votes	%	Seats	Members elected
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (Partido Socialista Obrero Español)	1,054,730	40.81	15	Felipe Gonzalez
People's Party (Partido Popular)	826,206	31.97	11	Manuel Fraga
Democratic and Social Centre	295,189	13.94	5	Adolfo Suarez
United Left	155,932	6.03	5	Gerardo Iglesias
Others	162,634	6.30	0

[edit] 1982 General Election

[discuss] – [edit]
Summary of the 28 October 1982 Congress of Deputies election results in Madrid.

Parties and alliances	Votes	%	Seats	Members elected
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (Partido Socialista Obrero Español)	1,439,137	52.09	18	Felipe Gonzalez
Popular Alliance (Alianza Popular)	826,206	32.26	11	Manuel Fraga
Communist Party of Spain (Partido Comunista de España)	137,459	4,98	1	Santiago Carrillo
Democratic and Social Centre (Centro Democrático y Social)	113,384	4.10	1	Adolfo Suarez
Union of the Democratic Centre (Unión de Centro Democrático)	92,508	3.35	1	Landelino Lavilla
New Force (Fuerza Nueva)	22,602	0.82	0
Others	54,735	2.00	0

[edit] 1979 General Election

[discuss] – [edit]
Summary of the 1 March 1979 Congress of Deputies election results in Madrid.

Parties and alliances	Votes	%	Seats	Members elected
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (Partido Socialista Obrero Español)	769,328	33.34	12	Felipe Gonzalez
Union of the Democratic Centre (Unión de Centro Democrático)	764,830	33.14	12	Adolfo Suarez
Communist Party of Spain (Partido Comunista de España)	310,496	13,46	4	Santiago Carrillo
Democratic Coalition (Coalicion Democratica)	198,345	8.60	3	Manuel Fraga
New Force (Fuerza Nueva)	110,730	4.80	1	Blas Piñar
Others	145,224	6.30	0

[edit] 1977 General Election

[discuss] – [edit]
Summary of the 15 June 1977 Congress of Deputies election results in Madrid.

Parties and alliances	Votes	%	Seats	Members elected
Union of the Democratic Centre (Unión de Centro Democrático)	737,699	31.95	12	Adolfo Suarez
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (Partido Socialista Obrero Español)	731,380	31.68	11	Felipe Gonzalez
Communist Party of Spain (Partido Comunista de España)	247,038	10,70	3	Santiago Carrillo
Popular Alliance (Spain) (Alianza Popular)	242,077	10.48	3	Manuel Fraga
Popular Socialist Party (Partido Socialista Popular)	211,440	9.16	3	Enrique Tierno Glavan
Others	133,171	5.80	0

Source: ^[14]

[edit] External links

• List of members by year
• Number of voters by Municipality

[edit] References

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