Mad Max
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| Mad Max | |
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 Original movie poster |
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| Directed by | George Miller |
| Produced by | Byron Kennedy Bill Miller |
| Written by | George Miller Byron Kennedy James McCausland |
| Starring | Mel Gibson Steve Bisley Joanne Samuel Hugh Keays-Byrne Tim Burns |
| Music by | Brian May |
| Cinematography | David Eggby |
| Editing by | Cliff Hayes Tony Paterson |
| Distributed by | - Australia - Village Roadshow Pictures - USA - American International Pictures - non-USA/Australia - Warner Bros. |
| Release date(s) | April 12, 1979 |
| Running time | 95 min |
| Country | Australia |
| Language | English |
| Budget | A$350,000 (estimated) |
| Followed by | Mad Max 2: The Road Warrior |
| Allmovie profile | |
| IMDb profile | |
Mad Max is an Australian apocalyptic action thriller film from 1979 directed by George Miller and written by Miller and Byron Kennedy. The film, starring the then little-known Mel Gibson, was released internationally in 1980.
This low-budget film's story of social breakdown, murder, and vengeance became the top-grossing Australian film, and has been credited for opening up the global market to Australian films. The movie was also notable for being the first Australian film to be shot with a widescreen anamorphic lens.
Mad Max was followed by two sequels, Mad Max 2: The Road Warrior and Mad Max: Beyond Thunderdome. As of April, 2008, a third sequel, Mad Max 4: Fury Road, remains "in pre-production."
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[edit] Plot summary
The story is set in Australia in the near future, depicting a poorly-funded police unit called the Main Force Patrol (MFP), which struggles to protect the Outback's few remaining townspeople from violent motorcycle gangs. The film depicts the future Australia as a bleak, dystopian and impoverished society that is facing a breakdown of civil order, the causes of which are not detailed in this film but which Mad Max 2: The Road Warrior explains as being caused by widespread oil shortages and Mad Max: Beyond Thunderdome explains resulted in a nuclear war following the shortages. The film introduces a young MFP police officer, Max Rockatansky (Mel Gibson), who is considered to be the MFP's "top pursuit man".
One of the biker gang members, nicknamed the Nightrider, escapes from police custody by killing an officer and stealing his vehicle. Max pursues the Nightrider in a high-speed chase, which results in the Nightrider's death by fiery explosion. Following the dangerous chase, which resulted in injuries for a number of officers, the police chief warns Max (who thinks nothing of it at the time) that now the bandits are out for him because of the death of the Nightrider.
The biker gang, which is led by the Toecutter (Hugh Keays-Byrne) plans to avenge Nightrider's death by killing MFP officers. Toecutter's young protegé, the biker Johnny the Boy (played by Tim Burns), sets a trap for Max's close friend and fellow officer, Jim Goose (played by actor Steve Bisley). When Goose's vehicle is flipped over, the bikers burn him alive ("the Goose is cooked") in retaliation for the Nightrider's death. The Goose survives and Max, after seeing Goose's charred body in the hospital's burn ward, becomes angered and disillusioned with the police force. He resigns from the MFP with no intentions to return. Max takes a road trip to spend time with his wife and infant son in the relatively peaceful coastal area north of their region.
Meanwhile, the gang's vicious leader, the Toecutter, is still thirsting for revenge against Max. The two cross paths once more when Max and his family are on vacation in a remote beachfront area. The gang runs down Max's wife (played by Joanne Samuel) and son, leaving their crushed bodies in the middle of the road. Max arrives too late to intervene. His son is pronounced dead on the scene, while his wife suffers massive injuries. (It is revealed in Mad Max 2: The Road Warrior that she later died from her injuries.)
Filled with a burning, obsessive anger, Max once again dons his leather police outfit and straps on his sawn-off shotgun. Driving the supercharged, black Pursuit Special, he goes out to avenge the death of his family. He hunts down and kills the gang members one by one, including the Toecutter. When Max finds Johnny the Boy, he handcuffs his ankle to a wrecked, overturned vehicle with a ruptured gas tank. Max lights a crude time-delay fuse and gives Johnny a hacksaw, leaving him the choice of trying to saw through the handcuffs (10 minutes) or his ankle (five minutes), and then drives off into the desolate outback as the ruptured gas tank explodes.
[edit] Conception
George Miller was a medical doctor in Australia, working in a hospital emergency room, where he saw many injuries and deaths of the types depicted in the movie. While in residency at a Melbourne hospital, he met amateur film maker Byron Kennedy at a summer film school in 1971. The duo produced the short film Violence in the Cinema, Part 1, which was screened at a number of film festivals and won several awards. Eight years later, the duo created Mad Max, with the assistance of first time screenwriter James McCausland (who appears in the film as the bearded man in an apron in front of the diner).
Miller believed that audiences would find his violent story to be more believable if set in a bleak, dystopic future. The film was shot over a period of twelve weeks in Australia, between December 1978 and February 1979, just outside Melbourne. Many of the car-chase scenes for the original Mad Max were filmed near the town of Lara, just north of Geelong (Victoria, Australia). The movie was shot with a widescreen anamorphic lens, the first Australian film to use one.
Mel Gibson, a complete unknown at this point, went to auditions with his friend and classmate Bisley (who would later land the part of Jim Goose). Gibson went to auditions in poor shape, as the night before he had gotten into a drunken brawl with three men at a party, resulting in a swollen nose, a broken jawline, and various other bruises. Mel showed up at the audition the next day looking like a "black and blue pumpkin" (his own words). Mel did not expect to get the role and only went to accompany his friend. However, the casting agent liked the look and told Mel to come back in two weeks, telling him "we need freaks." When Gibson returned, he was not recognized because his wounds had healed almost completely; he received the part anyway.[1]
Due to the film's low budget, only Mel Gibson was given a jacket and pants made from real leather. All the other actors playing police officers wore vinyl outfits. The police cars were repeatedly repainted to give the illusion that more cars were used; often they were driven with the paint still wet. The film's post-production was done in Kennedy's house, with Wilson and Byron editing the film in Byron's bedroom on a home-built editing machine that Byron's father, an engineer, had designed for them. The duo also edited the sound in Kennedy's house.
[edit] Reception
The film initially received a mixed reaction from critics. Tom Buckley of the New York Times called it "ugly and incoherent" [2], though Variety magazine praised the directorial debut by Miller.[3]
Though the film had a limited run in the United States and earned only $8 million there, it did very well elsewhere around the world and went on to earn $100 million worldwide.[4] Since it was independently financed with a reported budget of just $300,000 AUD, it was a major financial success. For twenty years, the movie held a record in Guinness Book of Records as the highest profit-to-cost ratio of a motion picture, conceding the record only in 2000 to The Blair Witch Project. The film was awarded three Australian Film Institute Awards in 1979 (for editing, sound, and musical score).[5]
[edit] Releases
When the film was first released in America, all the voices, including that of Mel Gibson's character, were dubbed by U.S. performers at the behest of the distributor, American International Pictures, for fear that audiences would not take warmly to actors speaking entirely with Australian accents. Much of the Australian slang and terminology was also replaced with American usages (examples: "See looks!" became "Look see!", "windscreen" became "windshield", "very toey" became "super hot", and "probie" became "rookie"). AIP also altered the operator's duty call on Jim Goose's bike in the beginning of the movie (it ended with "Come on, Goose, where are you?"). The only dubbing exceptions were the voice of the singer in the Sugartown Cabaret (played by Robina Chaffey), the voice of Charlie (played by John Ley) through the mechanical voice box, and Officer Jim Goose (played by Steve Bisley), singing as he drives a truck before being ambushed.
The original Australian dialogue track was finally released in the U.S. in 2000 in a limited theatrical reissue by MGM, the film's current rights holders (it has since been released in the U.S. on DVD with both the US and Australian soundtracks on separate tracks). Both New Zealand and Sweden initially banned the film.
Two sequels followed, Mad Max 2 (known in North America as The Road Warrior), and Mad Max 3 (known in North America as Mad Max Beyond Thunderdome) while a fourth movie, Mad Max 4: Fury Road, is in pre-production.
[edit] Vehicles
Max's yellow Interceptor was a 1974 Ford Falcon XB sedan (previously, a Melbourne police car) with a 351ci Cleveland V8 engine and many other modifications. The Big Bopper, driven by Roop and Charlie, was also a 1974 Ford Falcon XB sedan, but was powered by a 302ci Cleveland V8. The March Hare, driven by Sarse and Scuttle, was an in-line-six-powered 1972 Ford Falcon XA sedan (this car was formerly a Melbourne taxi cab).
The most memorable car, Max's black Pursuit Special was a limited GT351 version of a 1973 Ford XB Falcon Coupe (sold in Australia from December 1973 to August 1976) which was modified by the film's art director Jon Dowding. After filming was over, this Interceptor was bought and restored by Bob Forsenko, and is currently on display in the Cars of the Stars Motor Museum in Cumbria, England [6].
The Nightrider's vehicle, another Pursuit Special, was a 1972 Holden HQ LS Monaro coupe.
The car driven by the civilian couple that is destroyed by the bikers is a 1959 Chevrolet Impala sedan.
Of the motorcycles that appear in the film, 14 were donated by Kawasaki and were driven by a local Victorian motorcycle gang, the Vigilantes, who appeared as members of Toecutter's gang. By the end of filming, fourteen vehicles had been destroyed in the chase and crash scenes, including the director's personal Mazda Bongo (the small, blue van that spins uncontrollably after being struck by the Big Bopper in the film's opening chase).
[edit] See also
- Pursuit Special – Max’s black car.
[edit] References
- ^ (2001) in Mary Packard and the editors of Ripley Entertainment: Ripley's Believe It or Not! Special Edition, Leanne Franson (illustrations), 1st ed., Scholastic Inc.. ISBN 0-439-26040-X.
- ^ http://movies.nytimes.com/movie/review?res=EE05E7DF173BBB2CA7494CC6B6799C836896
- ^ http://www.variety.com/review/VE1117792854.html?categoryid=31&cs=1&p=0
- ^ http://www.the-numbers.com/movies/1980/0MMX1.php
- ^ http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0079501/awards
- ^ Cars of the Stars Motor Museum
- Mick Broderick, "Heroic Apocalypse: Mad Max, Mythology, and the Millennium", in Christopher Sharrett, ed., Crisis Cinema: The Apocalyptic Idea in Postmodern Narrative Film.
- Delia Falconer, "'We Don't Need to Know the Way Home': The Disappearance of the Road in the Mad Max Trilogy," in Steven Cohen and Abe Vigoda, eds., The Road Movie Book.
- Peter C. Hall and Richard Erlich. "Beyond Topeka and Thunderdome: Variations on the Comic-Romance Pattern in Recent SF Film," Science-Fiction Studies, 14 (November 1987).
- Adrian Martin. The Mad Max Movies, Sydney and Canberra: Currency Press and Screenbound Australia, 2003.
- Meaghan Morris. "White Panic or Mad Max and the Sublime," Kuan-Hsing Chen, ed., Trajectories: Inter-Asia Cultural Studies. London and NewYork: Routledge, 1998.
- Jerome F. Shapiro, Atomic Bomb Cinema: The Apocalyptic Imagination on Film, New York: Routledge, 2002.
- To the Max - Behind the Scenes of a Cult Classic, Mad Max DVD (Village Roadshow).
[edit] External links
- Mad Max at the Internet Movie Database
- Mad Max Online – Home to the original Mad Max movie, maintained by members of the cast and crew.
- Mad Max Replica Stats – Displays a comprehensive list of all known Mad Max Replicas in the world.
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