M-84

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This article is about the Yugoslav tank. For other uses, see M84.
Not to be confused with T-84, a Ukrainian main battle tank.
M-84

Serbian Army M-84 MBT
Type Main battle tank
Place of origin Flag of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia Yugoslavia
Service history
In service 1985 – present
Used by Flag of Serbia Serbia
Flag of Kuwait Kuwait
Flag of Croatia Croatia
Flag of Bosnia and Herzegovina Bosnia and Herzegovina
Flag of Slovenia Slovenia
Wars Gulf war
Yugoslav wars
Production history
Designed 1979 - 1983
Unit cost 700.000 USD during the late 80's
Produced 1984 - 1991
Number built ~652
Specifications
Weight 45 tonnes (Jane's Fighting Vehicles)
Length 9.53 m
Width 3.57 m
Height 2.19 m
Crew 3 (Commander, gunner, driver)
Armor 5 lance grenades fumigating, composite alloy; including high-hardness steel, tungsten and plastic filler with ceramic component.
Primary
armament		 125 mm 2A46 smoothbore gun
Secondary
armament		 7.62 mm M86 coaxial machine gun, 12.7 mm M87 anti-aircraft machine gun
Engine diesel V-46TK
1,000 hp (750 kW)
Power/weight 24.10 hp/tonne
Suspension torsion bar
Fuel capacity 1200 + 400l
Operational
range		 700 km
Speed 68 km/h
v • d • e
Post-Cold War tanks

The M-84 is a modern 2nd generation main battle tank manufactured by the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. The M84 is in service with the Armed Forces of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatian Ground Army, Kuwaiti Army, Slovenian Armed Forces and Armed Forces of Serbia.

Contents

[edit] Development and production

The M-84 main battle tank is a Yugoslavian version of the Soviet T-72. Some improvements over the T-72 include a domestic fire-control system, improved composite armor, and a 1000-hp engine. The M-84 entered service with the Yugoslav People's Army in 1984. The improved M-84A entered service a few years later.

There were about 240 factories from ex-Yugoslavia which directly participated in production of the M-84 MBT plus about 1000 of them which participated indirectly. Main factories were:

In the late 1980s, a project for a replacement tank called the Vihor (Whirlwind) was started. Unlike the M-84, the Vihor was not a copy of a Soviet tank, but a new design from scratch. However, due to the disintegration of Yugoslavia, the Vihor project was abandoned.

The latest Serbian version of the M-84 is the M-84AB1, unveiled in 2004. It features a new fire control system, Kontakt-5 ERA armor, AT-11 Sniper anti-tank missiles, Agava-2 thermal sight, and the Shtora defensive suite. It is very similar to the Russian T-90S, both in appearance and in capability.

Croatia developed a highly modernized prototype version of the M-84 under the designation M-95 Degman. The M-84D will be the series production version, essentially an M-95 Degman with minor changes and upgrades to which standard all Croatian M-84s and T-72s will be brought.

About 150 M-84 tanks have been exported to Kuwait. About $500 million was earned from the sale in 1990-91, representing the Yugoslav military industry's most successful export at the time. The disintegration of Yugoslavia in 1991 prevented all further exports. Kuwait in fact ordered 215 tanks but the whole number never came. Croatia is now in negotiations with Kuwait to modernize their fleet to the M-84D standard and to produce and sell another 65 M-84D tanks. This represents an interesting information because Kuwait rejected America's proposal to replace their M-84s with the M1 Abrams.[citation needed]

[edit] Armament

The M-84A is armed with a 2A46 125 mm smooth bore cannon. The gas cylinder positioned in the middle of the barrel is shielded with a thermal coating that minimizes deformation of the barrel from high temperatures and ensures it is cooled at the same rate during rapid firing. The M84 uses an automatic loader, which enables it to sustain a firing rate of 8 rounds per minute.

The cannon's ammunition is stowed underneath the turret (40 rounds) within the hull of the tank. This concept was inherited from the original Soviet design for T-72 and is arguably the tank's greatest flaw. While it enables fast rates of fire, it also makes the M-84 vulnerable. This weakness was exploited by Croatian soldiers in the Croatian War of Independence and Slovenian soldiers in the Ten-Day War, to the detriment of the YPA's tank crews. In later stages of the conflict, losses were reduced by adjusting and improving tactics.

Along with its primary armament, the M-84 is also armed with one 7.62 mm M86 coaxial machine gun, and one 12.7 mm M87 anti-aircraft machine gun mounted on the commander's turret.

[edit] Equipment

Twelve smoke grenades are positioned in front of the turret in banks of five and seven grenades. Thermal imaging and infrared guidance are positioned on the top-right side of the turret. The M-84 has a search light used in short-range combat situations.

The tank can ford 1.2 meters of water at any time, or up to 5 meters with a proper snorkel applied.

The M-84 tank has excellent nuclear, biological, and chemical (NBC) prtection capabilities, and the engine filter is of very good quality.

The armour of the M-84AB1 tank consists of cylindrical pad, high-hardness steel, titanium,Tungsten, aluminum, Nera, as well as modular Kontakt-5 reactive armour plates. Croatian M-95 Degman versions use improved armor protection with four layers of titanium, two layers of tungsten and three layers of ceramic armor giving protection of 592 mm against HEAT, APSF and Chemical attacks. In addition to this, the Degman is extensively covered with explosive reactive armour plating.

All versions of the M-84 have a crew of three. The commander sits on the right side of the turret, the gunner on the left, and the driver sits centered at the front end of the vehicle. Like most Soviet derived vehicles, the M-84 series of tanks do not have a loader, due to the tank's autoloader.

[edit] Engine

The base M-84 engine is a 12-cylinder water-cooled V46-6 diesel engine, rated at 574 kW. The improved M-84A has a more modern and more powerful, V46-TK 735 kW (1,000 hp) engine. With maximum fuel capacity (1,200 Litres) the tank's range is 450 km, and with external fuel tanks, this range can be extended to 650 km.

The Croatian-made variants have enhanced power plants. The M-84A4 Sniper model has a German-built 820 kW (1,100 hp) engine, while the M-95 Degman has a 895 kW (1,200 hp) engine, the most powerful of all M-84 variants. Degman also has maximum fuel capacity (1,450 Litres).

[edit] Modernization

In 2005, the Yugoipmort SDPR displayed its new MBT, M-84AB1 later M-2001, a largely modernized variant of the M-84AB tank. This new tank is equipped with an improved fire-control system with integrated day/night sight. The M84A1 gun was replaced with a similar but improved gun which, along with better control characteristics, enables easy and fast replacement of the cannon barrel in field conditions. The M-2001 tank is able to fire Anti-tank guided missiles with laser guidance through the barrel, which enables accurate engagement of enemy tanks up to 9 km.

The M-2001 is equipped with Non-explosive and non-energetic reactive armour (NERA) which offers protection against modern tandem cumulative warheads. Beside better armor, the new tank is equipped with modern electro-optical system for defense against wire and laser guided anti-tank missiles.

M-2001 MBT

M-84AB1 under testing in Kuwait.

[edit] Similar tanks

The M-84 in its very nature is nearly identical to the Soviet T-72, upon which it is based. However, Yugoslavia was not the only one to wish to license-produce a T-72 variant for its armed forces. Other former Eastern Bloc nations, as well as successor states to the Soviet Union, today produce tanks very similar to the M-84 and its offshoots.

The 3rd-generation Russian T-90 MBT is highly comparable to the Serbian M-84AB1. The majority of the M-84AB1's parts come directly from Russia, insuring a high degree of similarity and interchangeability.

[edit] Variants

M-84AB MBT of Kuwaiti 35th Fatah (Martyr’s) Armoured Brigade
M-84AB MBT of Kuwaiti 35th Fatah (Martyr’s) Armoured Brigade

[edit] M-84AB, Flag of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia Yugoslavia

The M-84AB comes with the new SUV-M-84 computerized fire-control system, including the DNNS-2 gunner's day/night sight, with independent stabilization in two planes and integral Laser range-finder. It also comes with the TNP-160 periscope, TNPA-65 auxiliary periscope, and DNKS-2 day/night commander's periscopes, as well as the TNPO-168V driver's periscope. Furthermore, the M-84AB is fitted with new gyrocompass, communication and intercom systems. This variant is in service in Kuwait. The Kuwaiti 35th Fatah (Martyr’s) Armoured Brigade, armed with several dozen M-84AB's, took part in Operation Desert Storm. During the fighting, only two M-84ABs were lost, but both were later recovered.

[edit] M-84ABN, Flag of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia Yugoslavia

This variant is simply a M-84AB, fitted with land navigation equipment.

[edit] M-84ABK command tank, Flag of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia Yugoslavia

This is a M-84AB fitted with extensive communication equipments, land navigation equipment, and a generator for the command role.

[edit] M-84A4 Sniper, Flag of Croatia Croatia

This version includes the all-new SCS-84 day/night sight, DBR-84 ballistic computer and improved elevation and traverse sensors. Croatia purchased 20 of these models in 2003 from its domestic factory. These tanks have a different engine of German origin, rated at 1,100 hp instead of the 1,000 hp powerplant originally installed. A Racal communication suite also replaced the older communication set. As of 2008, The entire Croatian M-84 tank fleet was upgraded to M-84A4 standard.

M-84AI
M-84AI

[edit] M-84AI armoured recovery vehicle, Flag of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia Yugoslavia

During the mid-1990s, an armoured recovery vehicle variant was created from the chassis of a M-84A tank, in the factory "14 October" in Kruševac. This vehicle was completed with the help of Polish experts, resulting in a vehicle similar to the WTZ-3. There was also a plan for a M-84ABI for Kuwait, but this idea failed. It is armed only with a M-87 12.7 mm machine-gun fitted to the commander’s hatch and 12 smoke grenade mortars (8 right and 4 left). Standard equipment includes: A TD-50 crane, front-mounted stabilizing dozer blade, main and secondary winches.

M-2001
M-2001

[edit] M-84AB1 later M-2001, Flag of Serbia Serbia

Main article: M-2001

This is the latest upgrade package of the M-84 in the Serbian army, adding a new fire control system, new armour consisting of cylindrical pad, high-hardness steel, titanium, aluminum, and NERA as well as modular Kontakt-5 armour, new AT-11 Sniper and Agava-2 thermal sights, and the Shtora defense suite. The first time M-84AB1 (initially known as the M-2001) appeared in public was in July of 2004 at the Nikinci military base. It appeared to be very similar to the Russian T-90S, both in appearance and in capability. The differences reportedly consist of better armour on the T-90S, whereas the M-84AB1 has superior maneuverability. The M-84AB1 was also tested in Kuwait as part of an international tender, but its bid was not answered. Fuel and ammunition are located in armoured compartments with blow-out panels to protect the crew from the risk of the tank's own ammunition exploding if the tank is damaged. It can also survive multiple hits at relatively close ranges from ATGMs or other hits from tanks. New thermal imaging cameras were mounted for the commander and driver so that the tank can operate at night. The speed is 70 km/h and also the Engine is a 1,200 hp diesel, and it's 125 mm 2A46M smooth bore gun that can take out enemy for 800 m away.

[edit] M-84D & the Degman, Flag of Croatia Croatia

Main article: M-95 Degman

This variant brings existing M-84 variants to the M-84D standard, equipped with a new 1,200 hp (895 Kw) engine and new RRAK ERA armour. The M-84D is equipped with a Rafael - Samson Remote Controlled Weapon Station, and a new Omega ballistic computer (Slovenian Fotona-made digital ballistic computer). The M-84D has an electric cupola, which means it can fire at two targets at once. It has a new SDZ defence system, which has the capability to protect the crew from biological, chemical and nuclear strikes. The M-84D is also equipped with new thermal imaging that is able to see at night, through fog, in shade, and during a storm. A new Racal communication system was also installed, which now comes as standard on all new M84D and M84A4 tanks. Diehl, the German firm which supplies track for the Leopard 2 is also supplying tracks for the Croatian M-84D and M8-4A4 tanks. The M-84A4 and M-84D have an operational range of 700 km and a maximum speed of 70 km/h.The M-84D has also a 15% faster auto loader, meaning 9 shells per minute instead of 8 shells per minute.[1].The M-84D is a second version of the upgraded tanks.It has also chains on the back of the tank to protect the engine and has SLAT armour around the ammunition to prevent an ATG or a shell from hitting it. M-84D received few additional upgrades, Turret basket was added to provide extra space for extra ammunition and to provide increased armour protection. Turret basket has additional slat armour, which adds additional armour to the exterior of the tank. M-84D will also feature LIRD-4B - Laser irradiation detector and warner and LAHAT anti tank missiles. There is a potential for integration of Swiss 120 mm compact gun developed by RUAG. This option is being now seriously considered as this would allow Croatia to use NATO 120 m standard ammunition. 120 mm RUAG compact gun is a preferred option over German Rheinmetall L44 120 mm cannon which is more expensive and would require German support, where as RUAG will provide technical knowhow and technology transfer to Đuro Đaković specijalna vozila d.d.. NOTE: M-95 Degman although similar in concept to M-84D development, is a separate development based on M-91 Vihor tank. Croatian Army had 2 M-91 prototypes and all necessary documentation for full serial production of M-91 Vihor tank. Only 2 M-91 Vihor tanks were ever built, and these were subsequently used for Croatian development of M-95 Degman tank. Therefore, M-95 Degman is a totally brand new tank based on M-91 Vihor and not on the M-84 series.

[edit] Combat service

[edit] Desert Storm

Several months prior to the Gulf war, Kuwait ordered 170 M-84ABs, 15 M-84ABI ARVs and 15 command M-84ABK tanks, from the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, in order to replace older British tanks. After the signature of the contract, four M-84A tanks were taken from Niš military camp and delivered, however the Iraqi Army soon captured them, during the occupation. Further deliveries were stopped for the duration of the invasion. The Kuwaiti 35th Fatah Armoured Brigade, is equipped with 70 M-84s in its "order of battle". The brigade did not directly take part in battles with Iraqi tanks because the M-84s were very similar to T-72s. The M-84 was however very effective against T-62s and T-55s, and it was very simple to operate, which wasn't the case with the US-made M1 Abrams.[citation needed] Also, few of these tanks have been destroyed in friendly fire.

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In a recent new tank acquisition tender, involving the Polish PT-91 Twardy, US M1A2 Abrams, and two variants of the M-84, the Croatian M-95 Degman and the Serbian M-84 AB1, the Kuwaiti Army let the Polish, Serbian, and American bids expire, and only responded to the Croatian one.[2] The Kuwaiti army currently has 146 M-84AB MBTs, 3 M-84ABK command tanks and 3 M-84ABN tanks, in its inventory.

M-84AB in Desert Storm

A Kuwaiti M-84 main battle tank lays a smoke screen during a capabilities demonstration at a Kuwaiti outpost during Operation Desert Shield

[edit] Yugoslav wars

[edit] Slovenia

JNA M-84 MBT during first operations in Slovenia.
JNA M-84 MBT during first operations in Slovenia.

During the Ten-Day War in Slovenia, М-84 tanks serving with the Yugoslav People's Army (YPA) units, were tasked with opening border/frontier posts and regaining control over all Yugoslav borders. Given the fact that Slovenia had no army at the time and no armoured units the YPA saw no need to deploy M-84 tanks at the frontier.

Nonetheless, M-84s saw some action; they were heavily used to break through truck barricades with varying degrees of success; most often, tanks tried to punch through, with little or no success.

The YPA lost some 20 M-84s in these actions and also it has abandoned about 60 of them. Slovenia inherited all the M-84s within its territory, once the ceasefire and Slovene independence, was agreed upon.

[edit] Croatia

Two JNA M-84A MBTs destroyed by Croats during the Borovo Selo battle.
Two JNA M-84A MBTs destroyed by Croats during the Borovo Selo battle.

The M-84 saw action in the Battle of Vukovar, where the JNA, perhaps naïvely deployed large columns of Main battle tanks without the support of the infantry. Tanks and APC's found themselves extremely exposed, and in one single day of fighting the YPA suffered losses of over 100 armored vehicles, mostly T-55's and about 20 M-84 tanks. Croatian Army had captured about 50 M-84 MBTs from Yugoslav Peoples Army during the Battle of the Barracks. Afther the JNA has left Croatia, about 30 M-84 and M-84A main battle tanks have beacome part of Krajina Serbs army in some small operations against Croatian Army.

[edit] Bosnia and Herzegovina

During the war in Bosnia, M-84s saw little action; the mainstay of all 3 warring parties was the, now-obsolete, T-55. At the beginning of war, JNA units located in Bosnia and Herzegovina had passed all their equipment to the Army of Republika Srpska (VRS). VRS had about 150-200 M-84s, while the Army of Bosnia and Herzegovina captured only three M-84 tanks. A number of M-84 tanks were used during the Siege of Sarajevo, as well during smaller localized conflicts. The number of M-84 tanks destroyed during the Bosnian war is unknown.

[edit] Kosovo War and Preševo Valley conflict

During the Kosovo war, the М-84 was used by the 211th and 252nd armored Brigades of the Yugoslav Army (now Serbian Land Forces). They were keeped for fight against possible NATO ground invasion on Kosovo and Metohija, while for fights against Albanian rebels army used T-55 tanks which were wery successful in combinations with infantry (Yugoslav army and Serbian police), BVP M-80 IFV's, BOV-3 and M53/59 Praga SPAAGs.

NATO had originally claimed to have destroyed around 300 of the Yugoslav Army's tanks (26%), but withdrew their claims after it was clearly visible that the army itself was untouched as it withdrew from Kosovo in an orderly fashion while passing NATO troops, along with documented proof to counter NATO claims. From 300 Yugoslav Army tanks at Kosovo, only 14 were destroyed by NATO air strikes. From that number, 9 M-84 and 5 T-55's destroyed both by NATO aviation and KLA rebels.

The army used clever tactics to conceal their forces throughout Serbia and place countless "dummy" targets in their midst ranging from tanks, camps, bridges, roads, anti-aircraft units and other potential targets. M-84s saw their most recent action during Preševo Valley conflict, when the Yugoslav army and Serbian special police forces fought against UCPMB separatists.

An M-84 MBT of the Yugoslav Army, Kosovo 1999.

Yugoslav Army M-84 tanks withdrawing from Kosovo.

Yugoslav Army M-84 tanks withdrawing from Kosovo.

The M-84s last combat operations. Behind this soldier is M-84A MBT of Yugoslav Army during fights in Preševo.

[edit] Gallery

M-84 MBT of Serbian army in Požarevac military camp.

M-84 MBT of Serbian army.

Serbian army M-84A with new camouflage.

M-84 MBT of VRS.

Croatian Army M-84 MBT

Slovenian M-84

[edit] Operators of the M-84

[edit] Flag of Serbia Serbia

Serbia has 212 M-84 MBT's in M-84, M-84A, M-84AI and M-84AK versions in active service plus about ten tanks in reserve. There are plans for modernization of Serbian M-84s in to M-2001.[3]

Serbian Land Forces
  • 15. Tank battalion of LF 1st Brigade equipped with 53 main battle tanks.
  • 26. Tank Battalion of LF 2nd Brigade equipped with 53 main battle tanks.
  • 36. Tank Battalion of LF 3rd Brigade equipped with 53 main battle tanks.
  • 46. Tank Battalion of LF 4th Brigade equipped with 53 main battle tanks.

[edit] Flag of Kuwait Kuwait

Kuwait is equipped with 149 M-84AB MBT's in M-84AB, M-84ABK and M-84ABN versions bought during the Desert Storm from SFR Yugoslavia. Kuwait will modernize its tank fleet on M-84D standard, and it will by 66 new ones produced from Croatia.[4]

Kuwaiti Army
  • 35th Fatah (Martyr’s) Armoured Brigade equipped with 70 main battle tanks.

[edit] Flag of Bosnia and Herzegovina Bosnia and Herzegovina

The are currently 86 M-84 MBT's in use by the Bosnian armored brigade. They will most likely be withdrawn from service.

Armed Forces of Bosnia-Herzegovina
  • Armored Battalion in Tuzla operating 86 M-84 main battle tanks.

[edit] Flag of Croatia Croatia

Croatian army is operating 75 M-84 MBT's of which about 60 were captured during the war. At least 20 were newly produced M-84A4 Sniper variants. All tanks have been brought to this level as of 2008.

Croatian Ground Army

Operating 75 M-84 tanks which will be upgraded to M-84D standard, as well as at least 28 new M-95 to be procured as a long term policy.

[edit] Flag of Slovenia Slovenia

Slovenian army is operating 54 M-84 tanks. Most of them are in active service, modernized to the M-84A4 Sniper standard, but there is also a number of those which aren't operational. They will be replaced after 2010.

Slovenian Army
  • 45th Armoured Battalion of 72nd Brigade equipped with 54 main battle tanks.

[edit] Former Operators

[edit] Flag of Yugoslavia Yugoslavia

Yugoslav Peoples Army operated about 450 M-84 MBT's in M-84 and M-84A versions. The plan was to build about 1000 M-84s to repalce old T-34, M4 Sherman, M-47 Patton tanks and a number of T-55 MBT's. moust of JNA tanks were passed to successor states, FR Yugoslavia and Republika Srpska, while the number of them was also captured by Croatia and Slovenia.

Yugoslav Peoples Army
  • 1. Armoured Brigade of 14th Corps at Vrhnika.
  • 4. Armoured Brigade of 10th Corps at Jastrebarsko (only one Battalion equipped with M-84 main battle tanks).
  • 211. Armoured Brigade of 21st Corps at Niš.
  • 252. Armoured Brigade of 37st Corps at Kraljevo equipped with M-84 main battle tanks from first set.
  • 329. Armoured Brigade of 5th Corps at Banja Luka equipped with M-84 and T-72M main battle tanks.
  • 51. Armoured Brigade of 24th Corps at Pančevo.
  • 243. Armoured Brigade of 41st Corps from Skoplje.

[edit] Flag of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia FR Yugoslavia

Yugoslav Army
  • 252. Armoured Brigade of Kragujevac Corps at Kraljevo.
  • 211. Armoured Brigade of Niš Corps at Niš.

[edit] Flag of Republika Srpska Republika Srpska

Durign the Bosnian war, Bosnian Serbs army has operated a big number of ex-JNA M-84 MBTs. Afther the war, a lot of tanks were transfeed to FR Yugoslavia because Republika Srpska had limit on 137 tanks. During the 2004 about 15 M-84 tanks were scarped. Afther the Army of Republika Srpska has beacome part of Armed Forces of Bosnia-Herzegovina, fate of M-84's is unknow.

Army of Republika Srpska
  • 101. Armoured Brigade at Banja Luka operateing about 100 M-84 and T-72M main battle tanks.

[edit] Republic of Serbian Krajina

Serbian Army of Krajina was equipped with about 30 M-84 main battle tanks which were the best tanks used by Krajina Serbs during the war in Croatia. They were used in critical regions by Special Forces Corps, one of the most elite units of Krajina Serbs military forces in battles against Croatian Army. Croats have destroyed about 5 M-84's while rest of them evacuated to Republika Srpska and FR Yugoslavia after the Operation storm.

Serbian Army of Krajina
  • 2. Armoured Brigade of Special Forces Corps located near Petrova Gora operateing 31 M-84 and 2 T-72M main battle tanks.

[edit] Bosnia and Herzegovina

First M-84 tanks operated by Army of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina were captured during the 1992 durign the battles near Doboj.

Army of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina
  • 1. Tesanijska Brigade, operateing 3 M-84 main battle tanks.

[edit] Cancelled Orders[5]

[edit] Flag of Libya Libya

Libyan had ratified a deal with Yugoslavia and ordered about 200 M-84 main battle tanks which were already produced, but they were not delivered because the war in Yugoslavia has started.

[edit] Flag of Pakistan Pakistan

During the 1990, the Pakitani military was interested in buying a number of M-84 main battle tanks from Yugoslavia. One tank has been send to Pakistan on testing and the Pakistani military top was satisfied with it, but the deal was never made because of the situation in Yugoslavia in that period.

[edit] Related content

[edit] Related development

[edit] Comparable AFV

M1 Abrams Leopard 1

[edit] Designation sequence

T-72 - M-84 - Vihor - M-95 Degman & M-2001

[edit] References

  1. ^ Holistic Approach to MBT development
  2. ^ Poslovni dnevnik - Đuro Đaković radit će 65 novih tenkova za Kuvajt?
  3. ^ Serbian Armed Forces
  4. ^ Poslovni dnevnik - Đuro Đaković radit će 65 novih tenkova za Kuvajt?
  5. ^ Interesovanje drugih zemalja za tenk M

[edit] External links

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