Lublin Voivodeship
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| Lublin Voivodeship Województwo lubelskie |
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| — Voivodeship — | |||
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| Coordinates (Lublin): | |||
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| Country |  Poland |
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| Capital | Lublin | ||
| Counties |
4 cities, 20 land counties *
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| Area | |||
| - Total | 25,155 km² (9,712.4 sq mi) | ||
| Population (2006) | |||
| - Total | 2,175,251 | ||
| - Density | 86.5/km² (224/sq mi) | ||
| - Urban | 1,014,548 | ||
| - Rural | 1,160,703 | ||
| Car plates | L | ||
| * further divided into 213 gminas | |||
| Website: http://www.lubelskie.pl/ | |||
Lublin Voivodeship (also known as Lublin Province, or by its Polish name of województwo lubelskie [vɔjɛˈvut͡stfɔ luˈbɛlskjɛ] or simply Lubelskie) is a voivodeship, or province, in eastern Poland. It was created on January 1, 1999, out of the former Lublin, Chełm, Zamość, Biała Podlaska and (partially) Tarnobrzeg and Siedlce Voivodeships, pursuant to the 1998 Local Government Reorganization Act. The province is named after its largest city and regional capital, Lublin.
Lublin Voivodeship is bordered by Subcarpathian Voivodeship to the south, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship to the south-west, Masovian Voivodeship to the west and north, Podlachian Voivodeship along a short boundary to the north, and Belarus and Ukraine to the east. The province's population as of 2006 was 2,175,251. It covers an area of 25,155 square kilometres (9,712 sq mi).
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[edit] History
The Polish historical region that encompasses Lublin, and approximates Lublin Voivodeship as it was prior to the Partitions of Poland, is known as Lubelszczyzna. Provinces centred on Lublin have existed throughout much of Poland's history; for details see the section below on Previous Lublin Voivodeships.
The region was, prior to World War II, one of the world's leading centres of Judaism. Before the middle of the 16th century, there were few Jews in the area, concentrated in Lublin, Kazimierz Dolny, and perhaps Chełm; but the founding of new private towns led to a large movement of Jews into the region to develop trade and services. Since these new towns competed with the existing towns for business, there followed a low-intensity but long lasting feeling of resentment, with failed attempts to limit the Jewish immigration. The Jews tended to settle mostly in the cities and towns, with only individual families setting up businesses in the rural regions; this urban/rural division became another factor feeding resentment of the newly arrived economic competitors. By the middle of the 18th century, Jews were a significant part of the population in Kraśnik, Lubartów and Łęczna. By the 20th century, Jews represented greater than 70% of the population in eleven towns, and close to 100% of the population of Laszczów and Izbica. From this region came both religious figures such as Mordechai Josef Leiner of Izbica, Chaim Israel Morgenstern of Puławy, and Motele Rokeach of Biugoraj, as well as famous secular authors Israel Joshua and Isaac Bashevis Singer. The "Old Town" of the city of Lublin contained a famous yeshiva, Jewish hospital, synagogue, cemetery, and kahal, as well as the Grodzka Gate (known as the Jewish Gate).
Before the war, there were 300,000 Jews living in the region, which became the site of the Majdanek and Belzec concentration camps as well as several labour camps (Trawniki, Poniatowa, Budzyn, Puławy, Zamość, Biała Podlaska, and the Lublin work camps Lindenstraße 7 (Lipowa Street), Flugplatz, and Sportplatz) which produced military supplies for the Wehrmacht and Luftwaffe). This was once one of the biggest forced labour centres in occupied Europe, with approximately 45,000 Jewish prisoners. As well, the Sobibór extermination camp was located in the Lublin Voivodeship. After the war, the few surviving Jews largely left the area; today there is some restoration of areas of Jewish historical interest, and a surge of tourism by Jews seeking to view their families' historical roots.
[edit] Cities and towns
The voivodeship contains 41 cities and towns. These are listed below in descending order of population (according to official figures for 2006 [1]):
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1. Lublin (354,272) |
15. Dęblin (17,933) |
29. Nałęczów (4,243) |
[edit] Administrative division
Lublin Voivodeship is divided into 24 counties (powiats): 4 city counties and 20 land counties. These are further divided into 213 gminas.
The counties are listed in the following table (ordering within categories is by decreasing population).
| English and Polish names |
Area (km²) |
Population (2006) |
Seat | Other towns | Total gminas |
| City counties | |||||
| Lublin | 147 | 354,272 | 1 | ||
| Chełm | 35 | 67,989 | 1 | ||
| Zamość | 30 | 66,613 | 1 | ||
| Biała Podlaska | 49 | 58,010 | 1 | ||
| Land counties | |||||
| Lublin County powiat lubelski |
1,679 | 140,562 | Lublin * | Bełżyce, Bychawa | 16 |
| Puławy County powiat puławski |
933 | 116,829 | Puławy | Nałęczów, Kazimierz Dolny | 11 |
| Biała Podlaska County powiat bialski |
2,754 | 113,764 | Biała Podlaska * | Międzyrzec Podlaski, Terespol | 19 |
| Zamość County powiat zamojski |
1,872 | 110,225 | Zamość * | Szczebrzeszyn, Zwierzyniec, Krasnobród | 15 |
| Łuków County powiat łukowski |
1,394 | 108,393 | Łuków | Stoczek Łukowski | 11 |
| Biłgoraj County powiat biłgorajski |
1,678 | 104,267 | Biłgoraj | Tarnogród, Józefów, Frampol | 14 |
| Kraśnik County powiat kraśnicki |
1,005 | 99,770 | Kraśnik | Annopol | 10 |
| Lubartów County powiat lubartowski |
1,290 | 90,484 | Lubartów | Kock, Ostrów Lubelski | 13 |
| Tomaszów Lubelski County powiat tomaszowski (lubelski) |
1,487 | 88,343 | Tomaszów Lubelski | Tyszowce | 13 |
| Chełm County powiat chełmski |
1,780 | 79,991 | Chełm * | Rejowiec Fabryczny | 15 |
| Świdnik County powiat świdnicki (lubelski) |
469 | 72,290 | Świdnik | Piaski | 5 |
| Krasnystaw County powiat krasnostawski |
1,067 | 69,274 | Krasnystaw | 10 | |
| Hrubieszów County powiat hrubieszowski |
1,269 | 68,822 | Hrubieszów | 8 | |
| Opole Lubelskie County powiat opolski (lubelski) |
804 | 63,026 | Opole Lubelskie | Poniatowa | 7 |
| Radzyń Podlaski County powiat radzyński |
965 | 61,445 | Radzyń Podlaski | 8 | |
| Ryki County powiat rycki |
616 | 59,129 | Ryki | Dęblin | 6 |
| Łęczna County powiat łęczyński |
634 | 57,314 | Łęczna | 6 | |
| Janów Lubelski County powiat janowski |
875 | 47,875 | Janów Lubelski | 7 | |
| Włodawa County powiat włodawski |
1,256 | 40,052 | Włodawa | 8 | |
| Parczew County powiat parczewski |
953 | 36,512 | Parczew | 7 | |
| * seat not part of the county | |||||
[edit] Protected areas
Protected areas in Lublin Voivodeship include two National Parks and 17 Landscape Parks. These are listed below.
- Polesie National Park (this and surrounding areas form the West Polesie biosphere reserve designated by UNESCO in 2002)
- Roztocze National Park
- Chełm Landscape Park
- Janów Forests Landscape Park (partly in Subcarpathian Voivodeship)
- Kazimierz Landscape Park
- Kozłówka Landscape Park
- Krasnobród Landscape Park
- Krzczonów Landscape Park
- Łęczna Lake District Landscape Park
- Podlachian Bug Gorge Landscape Park (partly in Masovian Voivodeship)
- Polesie Landscape Park
- Puszcza Solska Landscape Park (partly in Subcarpathian Voivodeship)
- Skierbieszów Landscape Park
- Sobibór Landscape Park
- South Roztocze Landscape Park (partly in Subcarpathian Voivodeship)
- Strzelce Landscape Park
- Szczebrzeszyn Landscape Park
- Wieprz Landscape Park
- Wrzelowiec Landscape Park
[edit] Most popular surnames in the region
[edit] Previous Lublin Voivodeships
[edit] Lublin Voivodeship 15th century – 1795
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For more details on this topic, see Lublin Voivodeship (1474–1795).
Lublin Voivodeship 15th century – 1795 (Latin: Palatinatus Lublinensis; Polish: Województwo Lubelskie) was an administrative region of the Kingdom of Poland created in 1474 out of parts of Sandomierz Voivodeship and lasting until the Partitions of Poland in 1795. It was part of the prowincja of Lesser Poland.
[edit] Lublin Voivodeship 1816–1837
Lublin Voivodeship was one of the voivodeships of Congress Poland. Formed from Lublin Department, it was transformed into Lublin Governorate.
[edit] Lublin Voivodeship 1921–1939
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For more details on this topic, see Lublin Voivodeship (1919-1939).
Lublin Voivodeship 1921–1939 (Polish: Województwo Lubelskie) was an administrative region of Poland from 1921 until 1939. In early 1939 its area was 26 555 km² and its population 2,116,200 (according to the 1931 census, 85.1% of its population was Polish, 10.5% Jewish, and 3% Ukrainian). It consisted of 16 powiats (counties). These were:
- Biala Podlaska county (area 2 122 km², population 116 000),
- Bilgoraj county (area 1 720 km², population 116 900),
- Chelm county (area 1 975 km², population 162 300),
- Hrubieszow county (area 1 575 km², population 130 000),
- Janow Lubelski county (area 1 960 km², population 152 700),
- Krasnystaw county (area 1 521 km², population 134 200),
- Lubartow county (area 1 389 km², population 108 000),
- city of Lublin county (area 30 km², population 112 300),
- Lublin county (area 1 889 km², population 163 500),
- Lukow county (area 1 762 km², population 129 100),
- Pulawy county (area 1 618 km², population 156 500),
- Radzyn Podlaski county (area 1 621 km², population 99 100),
- Siedlce county (area 1 988 km², population 151 400),
- Tomaszow Lubelski county (area 1 397 km², population 121 100),
- Wlodawa county (area 2 326 km², population 113 600),
- Zamosc county (area 1 662 km², population 149 500).
According to the 1931 census, the largest cities were:
- Lublin (pop. 112 300),
- Siedlce (pop. 36 900),
- Chelm (pop. 29 100),
- Zamosc (pop. 24 700),
- Biala Podlaska (pop. 17 400),
- Miedzyrzec Podlaski (pop. 16 800),
- Lukow (pop. 14 000),
- Hrubieszow (pop. 13 200),
- Krasnik (pop. 12 200),
- Pulawy (pop. 12 100).
Source: Maly Rocznik Statystyczny, Warszawa 1939 (Concise Statistical Year-Book of Poland, Warsaw 1939).
[edit] Lublin Voivodeship 1945–1975
Lublin Voivodeship 1945–1975 (Polish: województwo lubelskie) was an administrative region of Poland between 1945 and 1975. It was superseded by Lublin Voivodeship 1975–1998, Chełm, Zamość, Biała Podlaska, Tarnobrzeg and Siedlce Voivodeships.
[edit] Lublin Voivodeship 1975–1998
Lublin Voivodeship 1975–1998 (Polish: województwo lubelskie) was an administrative region of Poland between 1975 and 1998, superseded by the current (larger) Lublin Voivodeship.
[edit] External links
- Biala Podlaska
- Lublin Voivodeship official website
- Adam Mickiewicz Institute page on Jewish history in the Lublin Region
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