Louis Gonzaga Mendez, Jr.

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Louis Gonzaga Mendez, Jr.
July 14, 1915(1915-07-14) – September 19, 2001 (aged 86)

Colonel Louis Gonzaga Mendez, Jr.
Place of birth Denver, Colorado
Place of death Falls Church, Virginia
Allegiance United States of America
Service/branch United States Army
Years of service 1940–1970
Rank Colonel
Commands held 3rd Battalion, 508th Parachute Infantry Regiment, 82nd Airborne Division
Battles/wars World War II
Awards Distinguished Service Cross
Bronze Star (3X's)
Other work Taught at the infantry school at Fort Benning, Georgia
Military attaché in Spain (1950)

Colonel Louis Gonzaga Mendez, Jr. (July 14, 1915 – September 19, 2001) was a highly decorated United States Army officer of the 82nd Airborne Division who in June 1944, as commander of the 3rd Battalion, 508th Parachute Infantry Regiment during World War II, parachuted behind enemy lines into Normandy and was awarded a Distinguished Service Cross for leading an attack that captured the French town of Prétot-Vicquemare, in the Seine-Maritime department. On June 6, 2002, the people of the village honored his memory by renaming Prétot's main square "La Place du Colonel Mendez".

Contents

[edit] Early years

Mendez, a Mexican American, was born in Denver, Colorado, where he received his primary and secondary education. He received an appointment to attend the United States Military Academy at West Point, New York. He graduated in the Class of 1940 and was commissioned a Second Lieutenant. Mendez earned his Parachutist Badge after attending the Army's Airborne School.[1]

[edit] World War II

82nd Airborne Division behind enemy lines
82nd Airborne Division behind enemy lines

When the United States entered World War II, Mendez was assigned to the 82nd Airborne Division as commander of the 3rd Battalion, 508th Parachute Infantry Regiment.[2]

On June 5–6, 1944, the paratroopers of the 82nd's three parachute infantry regiments and reinforced glider infantry regiment, who were stationed in England, boarded hundreds of transport planes and gliders and began the largest airborne assault in history. They were among the first soldiers to fight in Normandy, France.[3]

Mendez and his men were dropped behind German lines with the mission to disrupt enemy communications, seize vital crossroads, destroy enemy supplies and kill enemy troops to aid the seaborne D-Day assaults on the Normandy beaches. Mendez and his men proceeded and captured the town of Prétot-Vicquemare. For his actions he was awarded the Army's Distinguished Service Cross, which is its highest award for valor except for the Medal of Honor.

Later in the war, Mendez led his battalion in the bloody Operation Market Garden, an operation which sought to secure strategic river crossings behind German lines in the Low Countries. The 82nd Airborne Division was able to capture its objectives.[1]

In December 1944, the Germans launched a massive offensive that came to be known as the Battle of the Bulge against the Allies on the Western Front, catching British and U.S. troops by surprise. Front-line Allied troops reeled back or were quickly overrun. Two days after the German attack, a counterattack was organized; among those involved in the counterattack were Mendez and his battalion, who advanced as infantrymen. The advance of General Gerd von Rundstedt's northern troops came to a halt as result.[1]

[edit] Post-World War II

Mendez continued his academic education and military career after the war. He graduated from the Command and General Staff College and the Industrial College of the Armed Forces. He went on to earn a master's degree in international relations from Georgetown University and taught at the Infantry School at Fort Benning, Georgia. In 1950 he served as a Military Attaché to Spain, and in the 1960s as a Regimental Commander in the 1st Cavalry Division in South Korea. Later he served in the War Histories Division on the Army General Staff and as Secretary of the Organization of American States' Inter-American Defense Board. Mendez retired from the military in 1970.[1]

[edit] Later years

As a civilian, Mendez joined the Virginia Education Department. He was national director of the Right to Read Program, an assistant education commissioner and chief of the department's Vocational and Adult Education Branch before retiring in 1985.

During a ceremony held on March 31, 2001 in which one of Mendez's men, Francis Lamoureux, was awarded the Bronze Star after 50 years, Lamoureux had this to say about his former commander:

"There are so many other men who deserve medals more than I do who haven't received medals. So, what makes it special is the fact that Colonel Mendez is going to make that presentation to me. I really am honored by that."[4]

Colonel Mendez, who was married and had six sons and six daughters, died of a stroke on Wednesday, September 19, 2001 at his home in Falls Church, Virginia. He was buried with full military honors one week later at Arlington National Cemetery.

Mendez's memory was honored on June 6, 2002, for his gallantry leading his men against the enemy and liberating Prétot-Vicquemare when the people of the village renamed its main square "La Place du Colonel Mendez".[5] Historian Cornelius Ryan profiled Colonel Mendez and his leadership in the Market Garden struggle in his best-selling history book, A Bridge Too Far.[1]

[edit] Military decorations and awards

Badges:

[edit] See also

[edit] Further reading

[edit] References

  1. ^ a b c d e Colonel Mendez, Retrieved August 19, 2007
  2. ^ 508th Parachute Infantry Regiment, Retrieved August 19, 2007
  3. ^ 82nd Airborne Division "All American" / "America's Guard of Honor", Retrieved August 19, 2007
  4. ^ WWII Veteran Receives His Bronze Star, 50 Years Later, retrieved August 19, 2007
  5. ^ U.S. Latino Patriots, Retrieved August 19, 2007


Persondata
NAME Mendez, Louis Gonzaga
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Mendez, Louis Gonzaga, Jr.
SHORT DESCRIPTION American WWII soldier
DATE OF BIRTH July 14, 1915
PLACE OF BIRTH Denver, Colorado, United States
DATE OF DEATH September 19, 2001
PLACE OF DEATH Falls Church, Virginia, United States