Lithai

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Lithai (Thai: พญาลิไท), also known as Thammaracha I (พระมหาธรรมราชาที่ 1) was a king of the Sukhothai kingdom, reigning from roughly 1346 until his death in 1374. Lithai was the son of Lelithai, also known as Loethai. The exact chronology of Lithai's rise to the throne is unclear. Popular tradition names him as the fourth king of Sukhothai, but dynastic records seem to indicate that at least one other king (Nguanamthom) ruled between Lithai and his father, as well as the regent Saisongkhram who ruled during Loethai's absence following the death of Ramkhamhaeng the Great.

Lithai served as uparat during his father's reign from the city of Srisatchanalai, an important urban center of the early Sukhothai kingdom.

Lithai is known as the writer of the Traiphuum Phra Ruang ('Three worlds of Phra Ruang', Phra Ruang being the dynastic name of Lithai's linneage), a religious text describing the various world of Buddhist cosmology, and the way in which karma consigns living beings to one world or another. The Traiphuum would go on to serve as an important politicol document, being re-interpreted in response to changes in the domestic and international political scene. King Lithai also build the biggest Buddha image in the northern territory of Siam called Phraputtachinnarat.

[edit] Sources

• Jackson, Peter. 'Re-Interpreting the Traiphuum Phra Ruang' in Buddhist Trends in Southeast Asia. Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, Singapore. 1993. ISBN 981-3035-81-1.