User:Lisa.Cinciripini

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Canine Leishmaniasis (CanL)


Canine Leishmaniasis (LESH-ma-NIGH-ah-sis) is a zoonotic disease (see Human Leishmaniasis) most commonly caused by the bite of an infected [sandfly](link to sandfly). Canine Leishmaniasis was first identified in Europe in 1903 and in 1940 it was determined that 40% of all dogs in rome were positive for Leishmaniasis[1]

Beginning in 2000, Leishmaniasis cases in Foxhounds began appearing and have been reported in 22 states and 2 provinces of Canada as of 2008 (insert CDC reference).


Contents

[edit] Forms and Symptoms of Canine Leishmaniasis


Cutaneous

  • Skin Lesions
  • Alopecia
  • Ulcerative or Exfoliative dermatitis

Visceral

  • Swollen Lymphnodes
  • Ocular signs
  • Progressive loss of weight with decreased appetite
  • Epistaxis (nose bleeds)
  • Kidney failure > increased urniation and drinking


[edit] Known Strains

Old World are L. tropica, L. aethiopica, L. major, L. infantum and L. donovani
new world mexicana are L. mexicana, L. amazonensis, L. venezuelensis, L. pifanoi)
subgenus Viannia is found only in Central and South America. Most important species are L. braziliensis, L. guyanensis, L. panamensis and L. peruviana all of which cause[2]

[edit] Transmission

text here

CDC image of canine transmission right align

[edit] Diagnosis

talk about difference between snap test and PCR method - false+ caused by Lepto vaccine etc..
A veterinary scientist, at Iowa State University, Dr. Petersen DVM PhD has developed a molecular PCR (link to PCR testing) method for detection of Leishmania parasite DNA. A study completed on Foxhounds (link) whom were tested with PCR showed approximately 20% of the tested dogs positive, the same population tested with anti-body serology (the traditional testing method in the US) showed only 5% positive[3]


[edit] Prevention

[edit] Treatment

CDC Walter Reed Army Hospital studies

talk about CDC recommends euthanasia

[edit] Current or Ongoing Research?

Iowa State U only PCR machine for detection in US
groups in S. America, Italy and UK
Sandfly genome project

[edit] Notes or Resources ?

http://www.leishmaniasis.info/
Video of Leishmaniasis positive dog http://www.cvbd.org/4095.0.html

[edit] References

Dereure, Jacques. Pratlong. Dedit, J.P (1999) Geographical distribution and the identification of parasites causing canine leishmaniasis in the Mediterranean Basin. Canine Leishmaniasis: an update. Proceedings of the International Canine Leishmaniasis Forum. Barcelona, Spain.