List of town tramway systems in Europe

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This is a list of cities and towns in Europe that have (or once had) town tramway (urban tramway, or streetcar) systems as part of their public transport system. Separate lists have been created for the following European countries to improve user-friendliness and to reduce article size:

• Belgium
• Czech Republic
• France
• Germany
• Italy
• Netherlands
• Russia
• Spain
• Switzerland
• Ukraine
• United Kingdom

Other geographic regions:

• Africa and Asia
• North America
• Central and South America
• Oceania

Contents 1 Albania 2 Austria 3 Belarus 4 Belgium 5 Bosnia-Herzegovina 6 British crown dependencies 6.1 Guernsey 6.2 Isle of Man 7 Bulgaria 8 Croatia 9 Czech Republic 10 Denmark 11 Estonia 12 Finland 13 France 14 Georgia 15 Germany 16 Greece 17 Hungary 18 Ireland 19 Italy 20 Kazakhstan 21 Latvia 22 Lithuania 23 Luxembourg 24 Republic of Macedonia 25 Malta 26 Moldova 27 Monaco 28 Netherlands 29 Norway 30 Poland 31 Portugal 32 Romania 33 Russia 34 Serbia 35 Slovakia 36 Slovenia 37 Spain 38 Sweden 39 Switzerland 40 Turkey 41 Ukraine 42 United Kingdom 43 References 44 See also

[edit] Albania

Name of System	Location	Traction Type	Date (From)	Date (To)	Notes
	Vlorë	Horse	?	?

• Note: A photograph of a horse-drawn tramcar, dated 1963 (Peschkes, Part Three, 1987, Page 19), establishes that Albania did have a town tramway service.

[edit] Austria

Name of System	Location	Traction Type	Date (From)	Date (To)	Notes
	Dornbirn – Lustenau	Electric	30 Nov 1902	31 Oct 1938
	Gmunden (am Traunsee)	Electric	13 Aug 1894		Ranked as the world's smallest operating town tramway (by system length).
	Graz	Horse	18 Jun 1878	23 Jul 1899
		Electric	29 Jan 1898
	Innsbruck	Steam	1 Jun 1891	1 Jan 1910
		Electric	15 Jul 1905
	Klagenfurt	Horse	30 Jun 1891	1911
		Electric	6 May 1911	16 Apr 1963
	Linz	Horse	18 Ju1 1880	31 Jul 1897
		Electric	31 Jul 1897
	♦ Ebelsberg – Sankt Florian	Electric	1 Sep 1913	31 Dec 1973	Part reopened as a museum tramway.
	Salzburg	Electric	4 May 1909	15 Nov 1940
	Sankt Pölten	Electric	18 Mar 1911	10 Feb 1976
	Unterach	Electric	18 Aug 1907	18 Sep 1949	Located at the south end of Attersee lake.
	Wien /Vienna	Horse	4 Oct 1865	28 Jun 1903
		Steam	27 Oct 1883	23 Jan 1922
		Electric	28 Jan 1897		Ranked as world's second-largest operating town tramway (by system length).
	♦ Mödling – Hinterbrühl	Electric	17 Oct 1883	31 Mar 1932	First permanent electric tramway in Europe.
	♦ Baden (bei Wien)	Horse	16 Jul 1876	Oct 1893
		Electric	16 Jul 1894	14 Feb 1951
	♦ Wien – Baden	Steam	29 Sep 1886 Sep 1917	1906; ?
		Electric	11 May 1899		Wien - Baden electric service began 1 May 1907.
	Ybbs an der Donau	Electric	11 Nov 1907	22 Sep 1953

[edit] Belarus

Name of System	Location	Traction Type	Date (From)	Date (To)	Notes
	Mahilyow / Магілёў (Mogilev)	Horse	10 Feb 1910	1920
	Mazyr / Мазыр	Electric (express tramway)	1 Aug 1988
	Miensk / Менск /Minsk	Horse	22 May 1892	20 Jan 1928	Operation suspended May 1918 - 7 Aug 1921 because of war.
		Electric	13 Oct 1929		Operation suspended 25 Jun 1941 - 1 May 1943 and Jun 1944 - 30 Apr 1945 because of war.
	Navapołacak / Наваполацак (Novopolotsk)	Electric (express tramway)	21 May 1974
	Viciebsk / Віцебск (Vitsyebsk)	Electric	30 Jun 1896		Operation suspended 1918 - Apr 1923 and Jul 1941 - 5 Oct 1947 because of war.

[edit] Belgium

Main article: List of town tramway systems in Belgium

[edit] Bosnia-Herzegovina

Name of System	Location	Traction Type	Date (From)	Date (To)	Notes
	Sarajevo	Electric	1 May 1895

[edit] British crown dependencies

[edit] Guernsey

Name of System	Location	Traction Type	Date (From)	Date (To)	Notes
	St Peter Port	Steam	1879	1892
		Electric	20 Feb 1892	9 Jun 1934

[edit] Isle of Man

Name of System	Location	Traction Type	Date (From)	Date (To)	Notes
Douglas Bay Horse Tramway Upper Douglas Cable Tramway	Douglas	Horse	7 Aug 1876		[1], [2]. Winter service withdrawn from 2 Nov 1927, current operating season early May - late September. Operation suspended 30 Sep 1939 - 22 May 1946 because of war.
		Cable	15 Aug 1896	19 Aug 1929	[3]. Winter service withdrawn from 1927.
Douglas Southern Electric Tramways, Ltd. (Marine Drive Tramway)	♦ Douglas - Keristal - Port Soderick	Electric	1986	15 Sep 1939	Opened to Keristal 7 August 1896, completed 1897. Operation suspended ca. 1914 - ca. 1918 because of war.
Manx Electric Railway	♦ Douglas (Derby Castle) - Laxey - Ramsey	Electric	7 September 1893		[4]. Operation suspended Laxey - Ramsey, 30 Sep 1975, restored 25 Jun 1977.
Snaefell Mountain Railway	♦ Laxey - Snaefell Summit	Electric	21 Aug 1895		Operates only during summer season. Operation suspended 20 Sep 1939 - 1 Jun 1946 because of war.

Note for Manx Electric Railway: Opened to Groudle Glen, 7 Sep 1893. Extended to Laxey, 27 Jul 1894. Extended to Ramsey (Ballure), 5 Aug 1898 Completed to Ramsey (Plaza), 24 Jul 1899.

[edit] Bulgaria

Name of System	Location	Traction Type	Date (From)	Date (To)	Notes
	Plovdiv / Пловдив	(Electric)			Construction started ca. 1913, not completed.
	Ruse/ Русе	(Electric)			Construction started ca. 1911, not completed.
	Sofia / София	Electric	1 Jan 1901

[edit] Croatia

Name of System	Location	Traction Type	Date (From)	Date (To)	Notes
	Dubrovnik	Electric	22 Dec 1910	20 Mar 1970
	Opatija	Electric	9 Feb 1908	1 Apr 1933
	Osijek	Electric	13 Dec 1926
	Pula	Electric	24 Mar 1904	15 Jun 1934
	Rijeka	Electric	7 Nov 1899	31 May 1962
	Zagreb	Horse	1891	1910 (?)
		Electric	18 Aug 1910
	♦ Velika Gorica	Horse	193_	?	Used former Zagreb horse tramcars.
		Diesel	1944	?	Former horse tramcars pulled by diesel locomotives after World War II.

[edit] Czech Republic

Main article: List of town tramway systems in the Czech Republic

[edit] Denmark

Name of System	Location	Traction Type	Date (From)	Date (To)	Notes
	Århus	Horse	31 May 1884	23 May 1895	[5].
		Electric	7 Jul 1904	7 Nov 1971	[6].
	København /Copenhagen	Horse	22 Oct 1863	14 Jun 1915	[7]
		Accumulator (storage battery)	4 Mar 1897	15 Mar 1902	[8].
		Electric	19 Sep 1899	22 Apr 1972	[9].
	♦ Hellerup - Charlottenlund - Klampenborg	Electric	1903	1953
	Lakolk (Rømø island)	Horse	?	?
	Odense	Horse	?	?
		Electric	9 Sep 1911	1 Jul 1952	[10].

[edit] Estonia

Name of System	Location	Traction Type	Date (From)	Date (To)	Notes
	Tallinn	Horse	24 Aug 1888	24 Sep 1919	[11].
		Electric	28 Oct 1925		[12].
	♦ Tallinn - Kopli	Steam	26 Jan 1916	?
		Petrol (gasoline)	26 Jan 1916	Nov 1953	[13].
		Electric	6 Nov 1951		Connected with main Tallinn system, 5 Nov 1953.

[edit] Finland

Name of System	Location	Traction Type	Date (From)	Date (To)	Notes
	Helsinki	Horse	21 Jun 1891 1913	21 Oct 1901 31 Oct 1917
		Electric	4 Sep 1900		see Helsinki tram, [14].
	♦ Kulosaari (Brändö)	Electric	25 Sep 1910	14 Feb 1951	Unconnected to main system as built, connection to Helsinki (Sörnäinen) by tramcar ferry. Connection (bridge) opened 1919 [15].
	♦ Lauttasaari	Horse	1913	31 Oct 1917	[16]
	Turku	Horse	4 May 1890	31 Oct 1892
		Electric	2 Dec 1908	1 Oct 1972	[17].

[edit] France

Main article: List of town tramway systems in France

[edit] Georgia

Name of System	Location	Traction Type	Date (From)	Date (To)	Notes
	Tbilisi თბილისი	Electric	19 Sep 1904	4 Dec 2006

[edit] Germany

Main article: List of town tramway systems in Germany

[edit] Greece

Name of System	Location	Traction Type	Date (From)	Date (To)	Notes
	Athína / Αθήνα (Athens)	Horse	?	?
		Electric	? 19 Jul 2004	1960 -
	♦ Athína - Palaio Faliro / Παλαιό Φάληρο (Pháliron) - Neo Faliro / Νέο Φάληρο (Neon Pháliron)	Steam	?	?	Electrified and incorporated into Athína town tramway network. New Athína tramway also serves Palaio Faliro and Neo Faliro.
	♦ Peiraiás / Πειραιάς /Piraeus	Electric	?	196_	New Athína tramway also serves Peiraiás.
	♦ Pireaus - Perama / Πέραμα	Electric	1936	1977
	Kalamata / Καλαμάτα	Electric	?	?
	Karlovasi / Καρλόβασι (Samos / Σάμος)	Horse	?	?
	Patra / Πάτρα (Patras)	Horse	?	?
		Steam	?	?
		Electric	1902	?
	Thessaloniki / Θεσσαλονίκη (Salonica)	Electric	1907	1957
	Volos / Βόλος	Steam	?	?

[edit] Hungary

Name of System	Location	Traction Type	Date (From)	Date (To)	Notes
	Budapest	Horse	30 Jul 1866	10 Apr 1928
		Electric	30 Jul 1889		Operation suspended Nov 1944 - 8 Feb 1945 because of war (Battle of Budapest).
	Debrecen	Steam	2 Oct 1884	1911
		Horse	7 Oct 1888	1911
		Electric	15 Mar 1911
	Miskolc	Electric	10 July 1897
		Steam	11 Jun 1906	1909
	Nyíregyháza	Electric	7 Aug 1911	31 May 1969
	Pécs	Electric	20 Oct 1913	Aug 1960
	Sopron	Electric	28 Apr 1900	31 May 1923
	Szeged	Horse	1 Jul 1884	1908
		Electric	1 Dec 1908
	Szombathely	Electric	5 Jun 1897	20 Aug 1974

[edit] Ireland

Name of System	Location	Traction Type	Date (From)	Date (To)	Notes
	An Airnigh /Arigna	Steam	1887	1959
	Corcaigh /Cork	Horse	12 Sep 1872	Dec 1875
		Electric	2 Dec 1898	30 Sep 1931
	Baile Átha Cliath /Dublin	Horse	1 Feb 1872	1901
		Electric	16 May 1896 30 Jun 2004	3 July 1949 -	Operation suspended during part of 1944 because of fuel (coal) shortage, restored 2 Oct 1944. (See also Luas).
	♦ Dublin - Dún Laoghaire - Deilginis /Dalkey	Horse	17 Mar 1879	?	Opened in stages, completed 9 Jul 1885.
		Steam	?	?
		Electric	16 May 1896	3 Jul 1949
	Dublin - Lucan	Steam	1 Jun 1881	?	Opened in stages, completed 1 Feb 1883.
		Electric	1900	14 Apr 1940	Separate undertaking (from main Dublin system) to 1925.
	♦♦ Lucan - Léim an Bhradáin /Leixlip	Steam	1889	1900
		Electric	1900	1925
	♦ Dublin - Binn Éadair /Howth	Electric	26 Jul 1900	29 Mar 1941
Hill of Howth Tramway	♦ Ceann Binn Éadair /Howth Head	Electric	17 Jun 1901	1 Jun 1959	Operation suspended Jun - Sep 1944 because of fuel (coal) shortage.
	Gaillimh / Galway - Salthill	Horse	1879	1918

[edit] Italy

Main article: List of town tramway systems in Italy

[edit] Kazakhstan

See List of town tramway systems in Africa and Asia. The portion of the country in Europe had no town tramways.

[edit] Latvia

Name of System	Location	Traction Type	Date (From)	Date (To)	Notes
	Daugavpils	Horse	?	?
		Electric	5 Nov 1946		see Daugavpils Tramway, [18].
	Ķemeri (Jūrmala)	Electric	16 Jun 1912	1935 (?)	[19].
	Liepāja	Electric	26 Sep 1899		see Liepājas tramvajs, [20]
	Rīga	Horse	4 Sep 1882 23 Aug 1903	1901 1909	[21].
		Electric	23 July 1901		see Rīgas Satiksme, [22].

[edit] Lithuania

Name of System	Location	Traction Type	Date (From)	Date (To)	Notes
	Kaunas	Horse	5 Jun 1892	15 Apr 1929	[23].
		Steam	1914	1936	[24].
	Klaipėda	Electric	18 Aug 1904 1950	Oct 1934 1967	[25]. [26].
	Palanga	Horse	?	?	[27].
	Vilnius	Horse	15 Jun 1893	1915	[28].
		Petrol	1914	1926
		Electric			In planning. Excepting microstates, Vilnius, Tirana, Podgorica and Reykjavík are the only European capitals where electric town tramways have not (yet) been built.

[edit] Luxembourg

Name of System	Location	Traction Type	Date (From)	Date (To)	Notes
	Esch-sur-Alzette canton	Electric	29 May 1927	22 Sep 1956
	Luxembourg City
		Horse	22 Feb 1875	?
		Electric	8 Aug 1908	5 Sep 1964	Reintroduction planned.

[edit] Republic of Macedonia

Name of System	Location	Traction Type	Date (From)	Date (To)	Notes
	Skopje	Electric			To be opened. First track will be from Gyorche Petrov to Cement Factory "Usie"

[edit] Malta

Name of System	Location	Traction Type	Date (From)	Date (To)	Notes
	Valletta	Electric	23 Feb 1905	15 Dec 1929

[edit] Moldova

Name of System	Location	Traction Type	Date (From)	Date (To)	Notes
	Chişinău	Horse	29 Oct 1888	1914
		Electric	25 Jan 1914	13 May 1961

[edit] Monaco

Name of System	Location	Traction Type	Date (From)	Date (To)	Notes
	Monte Carlo	Electric	1898	1932

[edit] Netherlands

Main article: List of town tramway systems in the Netherlands

[edit] Norway

Name of System	Location	Traction Type	Date (From)	Date (To)	Notes
	Bergen	Electric	13 Jul 1897	31 Dec 1965	[29]. New system under construction (see Bergen Light Rail).
	Oslo	Horse	5 Oct 1875	14 Jan 1900	[30].
		Electric	13 Mar 1894		see Oslotrikken, link to English-language page [31]).
	Trondheim	Electric	3 Dec 1901	12 Jun 1988	[32]. Suburban line (Gråkallbanen) reopened 18 Aug 1990 [33].

[edit] Poland

Name of System	Location	Traction Type	Date (From)	Date (To)	Notes
	Białystok	Horse	1895	1915
	Bielsko-Biała	Electric	1895	1972
	Bydgoszcz	Horse	18 May 1888	1896
		Electric	1895
	Cieszyn	Electric	12 Feb 1911	2 Apr 1921	see note below.
	Częstochowa	Electric	8 Mar 1959
	Elbląg	Electric	23 Nov 1895
	Gdańsk	Horse	22 Jun 1873	1896
		Electric	1895
	Gorzów (Wielkopolski)	Electric	29 Jul 1899
	Gubin	Electric	1904	1938	Gubin was a part (the historic center) of Guben, Germany, until 1945. Tramway system crossed the river Nysa Łużycka (German: Lausitzer Neiße).
	Grudziądz	Horse	15 Jun 1896	1899
		Electric	1899
	Inowrocław	Electric	1912	1962
	Jelenia Góra	Gas (gazowy)	1897	1899	"Gas" refers to town gas, not petrol (gasoline).
		Electric	1900	1967
Silesian Interurbans	Katowice	Steam	27 May 1894	1895
		Electric	1898		System serves neighboring towns including Bytom, Chorzów, Gliwice, Sosnowiec and Zagłębie.
	Kostrzyn nad Odrą	Horse	1903	1923
		Electric	1912	30 Jan 1945	Kostrzyn was part (the historic center) of Küstrin, Germany, until 1945. Tramway system crossed the river Oder (Polish: Odra). Closed because of war damage.
	Koszalin	Electric	21 Dec 1911	30 Sep 1938
	Kraków	Horse	1 Nov 1882	1890
		Electric	1901		Nowa Huta, founded as a separate industrial town in 1949, was joined to Kraków in 1951 and served by the Kraków tramway system from 1952.
	Legnica	Electric	1898	1969
	Łódź	Electric	24 Dec 1898		Span of the splints - 1000 mm (39.3 in)
	Olsztyn	Electric	1907	1965
no official name Tramways in Poznań	Poznań	Horse	30 Jul 1880	?
		Electric	1898		Express tramway opened 1 Mar 1997 (see Poznański Szybki Tramwaj).
	Słubice	Electric	1898	28 Sep 1945	Słubice was part of Frankfurt (Oder), Germany, until 1945 and was served by a tramway line that crossed the river Odra (German: Oder). Construction of new line isn't planned.
	Słupsk	Horse	1905	?
		Electric	1910	1959
	Szczecin	Horse	23 Aug 1879	1898
		Electric	1897
	Tarnów	Electric	1911	1942
	Toruń	Horse	1891	1900 (?)
		Electric	16 May 1891
	Wałbrzych	Electric	1898	1966
	Warszawa	Horse	11 Dec 1866	September 1914 (and for 6 weeks in the spring 1917)
		Electric	26 Mar1908
	Wrocław	Horse	10 Jul 1877	1906
		Electric	1893
	Zgorzelec	Electric	1897	Mar 1945	Zgorzelec was part of Görlitz, Germany, until 1945 and was served by a tramway that crossed the river Nysa Łużycka (German: Lausitzer Neiße). Construction of new line planned.

Note for Cieszyn: The Austrian-ruled town of Teschen (Polish: Cieszyn; Czech: Těšín) became part of Poland in 1918, following the collapse of Austria-Hungary. The suburb of Sachsenberg (Polish: Saska Kępa), west of the river Olsa (Polish: Olza; Czech: Olše) became part of Czechoslovakia (as Český Těšín) from 28 July 1920. The tramway connected the railway station (in Český Těšín) to the business center (in Cieszyn). It suffered financial losses following division of the town and was therefore closed in 1921.

[edit] Portugal

Name of System	Location	Traction Type	Date (From)	Date (To)	Notes
	Braga	Mule	20 May 1877	1882
		Steam	25 Mar 1882	1914
		Electric	19 Oct 1914	20 May 1963
	Coimbra	Mule	17 Sep 1874 1 Jan 1904	1883 1910
		Electric	1 Jan 1911	9 Feb 1980	Reintroduction planned (LRT).
	Lisboa	Mule	17 Nov 1873	10 Aug 1902
		Steam	1889	1892
		Cable	14 Aug 1890	3 Jul 1913
		Electric	31 Aug 1901
	♦ Sintra	Electric	31 Mar 1904		Operates only during summer season (from 1953). Operation suspended 15 Sep 1974 - 15 May 1980.
	Porto	Mule	19 Mar 1872	1903
		Steam	1878	9 Nov 1914
		Electric	12 Sep 1895		First electric tramway on Iberian Peninsula. Remaining system operated as a heritage tramway. Light metro (Metro Ligiero, LRT), trial operation began July 2002, initial segment opened 7 Dec 2002.

Note for Sintra: King and Price (1995, page 63) state that the reasons for the 1974-1980 suspension of operation are not clear, but mention financial difficulties, management changes, labor unrest, and the political turmoil which followed the Revolução dos Cravos of 25 Apr 1974.

[edit] Romania

Name of System	Location	Traction Type	Date (From)	Date (To)	Notes
	Arad	Horse	24 Oct 1869	1916
		Steam	?	?
		Diesel	?	?
		Electric	29 Nov 1946
	Botoşani	Electric	16 Sep 1991
	Brăila	Horse	1886	?
		Electric	25 Jun 1900
	Braşov	Steam	1890	1960
		Electric	23 Aug 1987	17 Nov 2006
	Bucuresţi /Bucharest	Horse	28 Dec 1872	? (before 1930)
		Electric	19 Dec 1894
	Cluj-Napoca	Steam	28 Aug 1893	15 May 1902
		Electric	1 Oct 1987
	Constanţa	Steam	1905	?
		Electric	18 Jul 1944 23 Aug 1984	Aug 1944 -	Rolling stock requisitioned from Odessa. -
	Craiova	(Electric) Electric	- 26 Sep 1984	- -	Construction started 1942 (to be worked by rolling stock requisitioned from Odessa), not completed. -
	Galaţi	Electric	26 Jun 1900
	Iaşi	Electric	1 Mar 1900
	Oradea	Electric	25 Apr 1906
	Ploieşti	Electric	1 Dec 1987
	Reşiţa	Electric	20 Aug 1988
	Satu Mare	Steam	14 Jun 1900	1900
		Electric	8 Aug 1900	31 Dec 1906
	Sibiu	Electric	8 Sep 1905	1970
	♦ Sibiu - Răşinari	Electric	8 Sep 1905 (?)		Sibiu town tramway services Sibiu closed 1970. Răşinari line re-extended over part of former urban system in 1972, but not to town center.
	Timişoara	Horse	1869	?
		Electric	27 Jul 1899

[edit] Russia

Main article: List of town tramway systems in Russia

[edit] Serbia

Name of System	Location	Traction Type	Date (From)	Date (To)	Notes
	Beograd / Београд /Belgrade	Horse	14 Oct 1892	1904
		Electric	1894
	Niš / Ниш	Electric	1926	1959
	Novi Sad / Нови Сад	Electric	30 Sep 1911	1958
"Trčika"	♦ Beach tramway, "King of Serbia" hotel - Novi Sad municipal beach	Horse	1922	1926
		Petrol (gasoline) traction	1926	1937	Operation forbidden by court order, 1937. However, operation continued, only during summer service, to 1941 (or 1944).
	Subotica / Суботица	Electric	7 Sep 1897	May 1974

[edit] Slovakia

Name of System	Location	Traction Type	Date (From)	Date (To)	Notes
	Bratislava	Electric	27 Aug 1895
	Košice	Horse	18 Nov 1891	28 Feb 1914
		Steam	7 Jul 1893	28 Feb 1914
		Electric	28 Feb 1914
	Trenčianske Teplice	Electric	27 Jul 1909

[edit] Slovenia

Name of System	Location	Traction Type	Date (From)	Date (To)	Notes
	Ljubljana	Electric	6 Sep 1901	20 Dec 1958
	Piran	Electric	20 Jul 1912	31 Aug 1953

[edit] Spain

Main article: List of town tramway systems in Spain

[edit] Sweden

Name of System	Location	Traction Type	Date (From)	Date (To)	Notes
	Gävle	Electric	13 Nov 1909	5 Apr 1956 [34].
	Göteborg /Gothenburg	Horse	24 Sep 1879	28 Oct 1902	[35]
		Electric	18 Aug 1902		See Gothenburg tram, [36].
	Helsingborg	Electric	11 Jun 1903	2 Sep 1967	[37].
	♦ Ramlösa	Horse	Jun 1877	Sep 1890	[38]. Operated only during summer season. replaced by Helsingborg electric tramway line.
	Jönköping	Electric	12 Jul 1907	7 Jun 1958	[39].
	Karlskrona	Electric	21 Dec 1910	15 May 1949	[40].
	Kiruna	Electric	1 Oct 1907	28 May 1958	[41], [42]. Heritage tramway, 1984 - 14 Aug 1993 [43].
	Limhamn	Horse	1 Jul 1900	Sep 1914	[44].
	Ljunghusen	Horse	May 1905	Aug 1924	[45].
	Malmö	Horse	28 Aug 1887	2 Feb 1907	[46].
		Electric	20 Dec 1906	27 Apr 1973	[47]. Heritage tramway, opened 15 Aug 1987, [48].
	Norrköping	Electric	10 Mar 1904		[49]; see Norrköping tramway.
	Stockholm	Horse	10 Jul 1877	10 Feb 1905	[50].
		Steam	11 Aug 1887	15 Nov 1901
		Petrol (gasoline)	14 Apr 1924	1 Mar 1929
		Electric	5 Sep 1901		See Stockholms Spårvägar, [51].
	♦Lidingö	Electric	26 Oct 1907		[52]. See Lidingöbanan.
	♦Stocksund	Electric	15 Oct 1911	25 Sep 1966	[53].
	Sundsvall	Electric	21 Dec 1910	9 Nov 1952	[54].
	Ulricehamn	(Electric)			Line completed 1911, test trips operated. Not opened for public service because of dispute over how much passengers should pay as fare [55].
	Uppsala	Electric	11 Sep 1906	12 Oct 1953	[56].

Note for Stockholm: Two systems, north and south, were connected at Slussen on 1 Apr 1922. The system was divided from 26 Oct 1950, when the segment connecting the remaining line (Alvik - Nockeby) to central Stockholm was closed.

[edit] Switzerland

Main article: List of town tramway systems in Switzerland

[edit] Turkey

See List of town tramway systems in Africa and Asia. With the exception of İstanbul, the portion of the country in Europe had no town tramways.

[edit] Ukraine

Main article: List of town tramway systems in Ukraine

[edit] United Kingdom

Main article: List of town tramway systems in the United Kingdom

[edit] References

• Books, Periodicals and External Links

[edit] See also

• List of light-rail transit systems
• List of rapid transit systems*
• List of trolleybus systems