List of popes

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Contents 1 Chronological list of popes 1.1 1st-5th Centuries 1.1.1 1st Century 1.1.2 2nd Century 1.1.3 3rd Century 1.1.4 4th Century 1.1.5 5th Century 1.2 6th-10th Centuries 1.2.1 6th Century 1.2.2 7th Century 1.2.3 8th Century 1.2.4 9th Century 1.2.5 10th Century 1.3 11th-15th Centuries 1.3.1 11th Century 1.3.2 12th Century 1.3.3 13th Century 1.3.4 14th Century 1.3.5 15th Century 1.4 16th-20th Centuries 1.4.1 16th Century 1.4.2 17th Century 1.4.3 18th Century 1.4.4 19th Century 1.4.5 20th Century 1.5 21st Century 2 Ages of popes 2.1 Since 1400 2.2 Oldest popes 2.3 Youngest popes 3 Notes on numbering of popes 4 See also 5 References 6 External links

For a graphical representation of this list, see list of popes (graphical).

While the term "Pope" (Latin: papa "father'") is used in several Churches to denote their high spiritual leaders (e.g. Coptic Pope), this title in English usage can by itself refer to the head of the Catholic Church. The title itself has been used officially by the head of the Catholic Church since the tenure of Pope Siricius, although it has been first used by the Copts centuries earlier.

Hermannus Contractus may have been the first historian to number the popes continuously. His list ends in 1049 with Pope Leo IX as number 154, on which basis, the current Pope Benedict XVI would be the 267th pope.

This article comprises lists of Popes of the Catholic Church.

There is no official list of popes, however the Annuario Pontificio, published every year by the Vatican, contains a list that is generally considered to be the most authoritative. Its list is the one given here. The Annuario Pontificio list gives Benedict XVI as the 265th pope of Rome.

Several changes have been made in the list during the 20th century. Antipope Christopher was considered legitimate for a long time. Pope-elect Stephen was considered legitimate under the name Stephen II until the 1961 edition and erased then. Although these changes are no longer controversial, a number of modern lists still include this "first Pope Stephen II". It is probable that this is because they are based on the 1913 edition of the Catholic Encyclopaedia, which is in the public domain.

The Latin Episcopus Romanus translates as Bishop of Rome.

Chronological list of popes

1st-5th Centuries

1st Century

Pontificate	Portrait	Common English name	Regnal (Latin) name	Personal name	Place of birth	Notes
30 to 67		Peter Saint Peter	Petrus, Head of the Church	Simon Peter שמעון בן יונה (Shimon ben Yona) Shimon Kipha CΙΜΗΟΝ ΚΗΦΑC (Simeon Kephas - Simon the Rock)	Bethsaida, Galilea	Disciple of Jesus from whom he received the keys to the Kingdom of Heaven, according to Matthew 16:18-19.
post42/ante57 to 64/67(?)			Petrus, Episcopus Romanus			Executed by crucifixion upside-down; feast day (Feast of Saints Peter and Paul) 29 June, (Chair of Peter) 22 February. Recognized as the first pope by the Roman Catholic Church.
64/67(?) to 76/79(?)		Linus Saint Linus	Linus, Episcopus Romanus	Linus	Tuscia (Northern Latium)	Traditionally martyred (no evidence); Feast day 23 September
76/79(?) to 88		Anacletus (Cletus) Saint Anacletus	Anacletus, Episcopus Romanus	Anacletus	Probably Greece	Martyred; feast day 26 April
88/92 to 97/101		Clement I Saint Clement	Clemens, Episcopus Romanus		Rome	Martyred; feast day 23 November

2nd Century

Pontificate	Portrait	Common English name	Regnal (Latin) name	Personal name	Place of birth	Notes
97/99 to 105/107		Evaristus (Aristus) Saint Evaristus	Evaristus, Episcopus Romanus	Aristus		Traditionally martyred (no evidence); feast day 26 October
105/107 to 115/116		Alexander I Saint Alexander	Alexander, Episcopus Romanus	Alexander	Rome
115/116 to 125		Sixtus I Saint Sixtus	Xystus, Episcopus Romanus		Rome or Greece
125 to 136/138		Telesphorus Saint Telesphorus	Telesphorus, Episcopus Romanus		Greece
136/138 to 140/142		Hyginus Saint Hyginus	Hyginus, Episcopus Romanus		Greece	Traditionally martyred (no evidence); feast day 11 January
140/142 to 155		Pius I Saint Pius	Pius, Episcopus Romanus		Aquileia, Friuli, Italy	Martyred by sword; feast day 11 July
155 to 166		Anicetus Saint Anicetus	Anicetus, Episcopus Romanus		Emesa, Syria	Traditionally martyred (no evidence); feast day 17 April
c.166 to 174/175		Soter Saint Soter	Soterius, Episcopus Romanus		Fondi, Latium, Italy	Traditionally martyred; feast day 22 April
174/175 to 189</small		Eleuterus Saint Eleutherus	Eleutherius, Episcopus Romanus		Nicopoli, Epyrus	Traditionally martyred; feast day 6 May
189 to 198/199		Victor I Saint Victor	Victor, Episcopus Romanus		Northern Africa

3rd Century

Pontificate	Portrait	Common English name	Regnal (Latin) name	Personal name	Place of birth	Notes
199 to 217		Zephyrinus Saint Zephyrin	Zephyrinus, Episcopus Romanus		Rome
c.217 to 222/223		Callixtus I Saint Callixtus	Callistus, Episcopus Romanus			Martyred; feast day 14 October
222/223 to 230		Urban I Saint Urban	Urbanus, Episcopus Romanus		Rome
21 July 230 to 28 September 235		Pontian Saint Pontian	Pontianus, Episcopus Romanus		Rome
28 September 235 to 21 November 235		interregnum
21 November 235 to 3 January 236	No image of Anterus exists	Anterus Saint Anterus	Anterus, Episcopus Romanus		Greece
10 January 236 to 20 January 250		Fabian Saint Fabian	Fabianus, Episcopus Romanus		Rome
6 March/11 March 251 to June 253	No image of Cornelius exists	Cornelius Saint Cornelius	Cornelius, Episcopus Romanus			Died a martyr, through extreme hardship; feast day 16 September
25 June 253 to 5 March 254	No image of Lucius I exists	Lucius I Saint Lucius	Lucius, Episcopus Romanus		Rome	Feast day 4 March
12 May 254 to 2 August 257	No image of Stephen I exists	Stephen I Saint Stephen	Stephanus, Episcopus Romanus		Rome	Martyred by beheading; feast day 2 August
30/31 August 257 to 6 August 258		Sixtus II Saint Sixtus II	Xystus Secundus, Episcopus Romanus		Greece	Martyred by beheading
22 July 259 to 26 December 268	No image of Dionysius exists	Dionysius Saint Dionysius	Dionysius, Episcopus Romanus		Greece	Feast day 26 December
5 January 269 to 30 December 274	No image of Felix I exists	Felix I Saint Felix	Felix, Episcopus Romanus		Rome
4 January 275 to 7 December 283	No image of Eutychian exists	Eutychian Saint Eutychian	Eutychianus, Episcopus Romanus
17 December 283 to 22 April 296		Caius Saint Caius	Caius, Episcopus Romanus
30 June 296 to 1 April 304	No image of Marcellinus exists	Marcellinus Saint Marcellinus	Marcellinus, Episcopus Romanus

4th Century

Pontificate	Portrait	Common English name	Regnal (Latin) name	Personal name	Place of birth	Notes
308 to 309	No image of Marcellus I exists	Marcellus I Saint Marcellus	Marcellus, Episcopus Romanus
c.309 to c.310	No image of Eusebius exists	Eusebius Saint Eusebius	Eusebius, Episcopus Romanus
2 July 311 to 11 January 314		Miltiades Melchiades Saint Miltiades	Miltiades, Episcopus Romanus		Africa	First pope after the end of the persecution of Christians through the Edict of Milan (313 AD) issued by Constantine the Great
31 January 314 to 31 December 335		Sylvester I Saint Sylvester	Silvester, Episcopus Romanus
18 January 336 to 7 October 336		Mark Saint Mark	Marcus, Episcopus Romanus		Rome	Feast day 7 October
6 February 337 to 12 April 352		Julius I Saint Julius	Iulius, Episcopus Romanus		Rome
17 May 352 to 24 September 366	No image of Liberius exists	Liberius	Liberius, Episcopus Romanus			Earliest Pope not yet canonized
1 October 366 to 11 December 384		Damasus I Saint Damasus	Damasus, Episcopus Romanus		Idanha-a-Nova, Portugal	First Portuguese Pope
11 December 384 to 26 November 399	No image of Siricius exists	Siricius Saint Siricius	Papa Siricius, Episcopus Romanus			First to employ the title "Papa" ("Pope")
27 November 399 to 19 December 401	No image of Anatasius I exists	Anastasius I Saint Anastasius	Papa Anastasius, Episcopus Romanus

5th Century

Pontificate	Portrait	Common English name	Regnal (Latin) name	Personal name	Place of birth	Notes
22 December 401 to 12 March 417	No image of Innocent I exists	Innocent I Saint Innocent	Papa Innocentius, Episcopus Romanus			Visigoth Sack of Rome (410) under Alaric
18 March 417 to 26 December 418	No image of Zosimus exists	Zosimus Saint Zosimus	Papa Zosimus, Episcopus Romanus
28/29 December 418 to 4 September 422		Boniface I Saint Boniface	Papa Bonifacius, Episcopus Romanus
10 September 422 to 27 July 432		Celestine I Saint Celestine	Papa Coelestinus, Episcopus Romanus
31 July 432 to March/August 440		Sixtus III Saint Sixtus	Papa Xystus Tertius, Episcopus Romanus
29 September 440 to 10 November 461		Leo I Saint Leo Leo the Great	Papa Leo Magnus, Episcopus Romanus		Rome	Convinced Attila the Hun to turn back his invasion of Italy
19 November 461 to 29 February 468		Hilarius Saint Hilarius	Papa Hilarius, Episcopus Romanus
3 March 468 to 10 March 483	No image of Simplicius exists	Simplicius Saint Simplicius	Papa Simplicius, Episcopus Romanus		Tivoli, Italy
13 March 483 to 1 March 492		Felix III Saint Felix	Papa Felix Tertius, Episcopus Romanus		Rome	Sometimes called Felix II
1 March 492 to 21 November 496	No image of Gelasius I exists	Gelasius I Saint Gelasius	Papa Gelasius, Episcopus Romanus		Africa
24 November 496 to 19 November 498	No image of Anastasius II exists	Anastasius II	Papa Anastasius Secundus, Episcopus Romanus
22 November 498 to 19 July 514		Symmachus Saint Symmachus	Papa Symmachus, Episcopus Romanus		Sardinia

6th-10th Centuries

6th Century

Pontificate	Portrait	Common English name	Regnal name	Personal name	Place of birth	Notes
20 July 514 to 19 July 523	No image of Hormisdas exists	Hormisdas Saint Hormisdas	Papa Hormisdus, Episcopus Romanus		Frosinone, Southern Latium, Italy	Father of Pope Silverius
13 August 523 to 18 May 526	No image of John I exists	John I Saint John	Papa Ioannes, Episcopus Romanus		Tuscany
13 July 526 to 22 September 530	No image of Felix IV exists	Felix IV Saint Felix	Papa Felix Quartus, Episcopus Romanus		Samnium	Sometimes called Felix III
22 September 530 to 17 October 532	No image of Boniface II exists	Boniface II	Papa Bonifacius Secundus, Episcopus Romanus		Rome to Ostrogoth parents
2 January 533 to 8 May 535	No image of John II exists	John II	Papa Ioannes Secundus, Episcopus Romanus	Mercurius	Rome	First pope to not use personal name. This was due to Mercury being a Roman god.
13 May 535 to 22 April 536		Agapetus I Agapitus Saint Agapetus	Papa Agapetus, Episcopus Romanus			Feast days 22 April, 20 September
1 June 536 to 11 November 537	No image of Silverius exists	Silverius Saint Silverius	Papa Silverius, Episcopus Romanus			Exiled; feast day 20 June, son of Pope Hormisdas
29 March 537 to 7 June 555	No image of Vigilius exists	Vigilius	Papa Vigilius, Episcopus Romanus		Rome
16 April 556 to 4 March 561		Pelagius I	Papa Pelagius, Episcopus Romanus		Rome
17 July 561 to 13 July 574		John III	Papa Ioannes Tertius, Episcopus Romanus	Catelinus
2 June 575 to 30 July 579	No image of Benedict II exists	Benedict I	Papa Benedictus, Episcopus Romanus
26 November 579 to 7 February 590		Pelagius II	Papa Pelagius Secundus, Episcopus Romanus		Rome
3 September 590 to 12 March 604		Gregory I, O.S.B. Saint Gregory Gregory the Great	Papa Gregorius Magnus, Episcopus Romanus		Rome	First to formally employ the titles "Servus servorum Dei" and "Pontifex Maximus"

7th Century

Pontificate	Portrait	Common English name	Regnal (Latin) name	Personal name	Place of birth	Notes
13 September 604 to 22 February 606	No image of Sabinian exists	Sabinian Saint Sabinian	Papa Sabinianus, Episcopus Romanus		Blera
19 February 607 to 12 November 607	No image of Boniface III exists	Boniface III	Papa Bonifacius Tertius, Episcopus Romanus		Rome
25 August 608 to 8 May 615		Boniface IV, O.S.B. Saint Boniface	Papa Bonifacius Quartus, Episcopus Romanus		Marsi	First Pope to bear the same name as his predecessor
19 October 615 to 8 November 618		Adeodatus I	Papa Adeodatus, or Papa Deusdedit Episcopus Romanus		Rome	Sometimes called Deusdedit, and then Pope Adeodatus II is called Pope Adeodatus without a number
23 December 619 to 25 October 625	No image of Boniface V exists	Boniface V	Papa Bonifacius Quintus, Episcopus Romanus		Naples
27 October 625 to 12 October 638		Honorius I	Papa Honorius, Episcopus Romanus
October 638 to 2 August 640	No image of Severinus exists	Severinus	Papa Severinus, Episcopus Romanus		Rome
24 December 640 to 12 October 642	No image of John IV exists	John IV	Papa Ioannes Quartus, Episcopus Romanus		Zadar, Dalmatia, now Croatia
24 November 642 to 14 May 649	No image of Theodore I exists	Theodore I	Papa Theodorus, Episcopus Romanus		Palestine
July 649 to 16 September 655	No image of Martin I exists	Martin I Saint Martin	Papa Martinus, Episcopus Romanus			Feast Day 12 November
10 August 654 to 2 June 657		Eugene I Saint Eugene	Papa Eugenius, Episcopus Romanus		Rome
30 July 657 to 27 January 672		Vitalian Saint Vitalian	Papa Vitalianus, Episcopus Romanus
11 April 672 to 17 June 676		Adeodatus II, O.S.B.	Papa Adeodatus Secundus, Episcopus Romanus			Sometimes called Pope Adeodatus (without a number) when Pope Adeodatus I is called Pope Deusdedit
2 November 676 to 11 April 678		Donus	Papa Donus, Episcopus Romanus
27 June 678 to 10 January 681		Agatho Saint Agatho	Papa Agatho, Episcopus Romanus		Sicily
December 681 to 3 July 683		Leo II Saint Leo	Papa Leo Secundus, Episcopus Romanus		Sicily	Feast day 3 July
683/26 June 684 to 8 May 685	No image of Benedict II exists	Benedict II Saint Benedict	Papa Benedictus Secundus, Episcopus Romanus			Feast day 7 May
12 July 685 to 2 August 686	No image of John V exists	John V	Papa Ioannes Quintus, Episcopus Romanus		Syria
21 October 686 to 22 September 687	No image of Conon exists	Conon	Papa Conon, Episcopus Romanus
15 December 687 to 8 September 701	No image of Sergius I exists	Sergius I Saint Sergius	Papa Sergius, Episcopus Romanus		Sicily

8th Century

Pontificate	Portrait	Common English name	Regnal (Latin) name	Personal name	Place of birth	Notes
30 October 701 to 11 January 705	No image of John VI exists	John VI	Papa Ioannes Sextus, Episcopus Romanus		Greece
1 March 705 to 18 October 707		John VII	Papa Ioannes Septumus, Episcopus Romanus		Greece	Second Pope to bear the same name as his predecessor
15 January 708 to 4 February 708	No image of Sisinnius exists	Sisinnius	Papa Sisinnius, Episcopus Romanus		Syria
25 March 708 to 9 April 715	No image of Constantine exists	Constantine	Papa Constantinus, Episcopus Romanus		Syria	Last Pope to visit Greece until John Paul II in 2001
19 May 715 to 11 February 731		Gregory II Saint Gregory	Papa Gregorius Secundus, Episcopus Romanus			Feast day 11 February
18 March 731 to 28 November 741		Gregory III	Papa Gregorius Tertius, Episcopus Romanus		Syria	Third Pope to bear the same name as his predecessor
3 December 741 to 14 March/22 March 752	No image of Zachary exists	Zachary Saint Zachary	Papa Zacharias, Episcopus Romanus		Greece	Feast day 15 March
23 March 752 to 25 March 752 Never took office as Pope.	No image of Pope-elect Stephen exists	(Pope-Elect Stephen)	Papa Scelga Stephanus			Sometimes known as Stephen II. Died three days after his election and was never consecrated into the office of Pope as such debate remains over whether he was Pope or not. The Vatican sanctioned his addition to the list of Popes in the sixteenth century, however he was removed in 1961. As such he is not considered a Pope by the Catholic Church.
26 March 752 to 26 April 757	No image of Stephen III exists	Stephen II	Papa Stephanus Secundus, Episcopus Romanus			Sometimes called Stephen III
29 May 757 to 28 June 767	No image of Paul I exists	Paul I Saint Paul	Papa Paulus, Episcopus Romanus
1 August 767 to 24 January 772	No image of Stephen III exists	Stephen III	Papa Stephanus Tertius, Episcopus Romanus			Sometimes called Stephen IV
1 February 772 to 26 December 795		Adrian I	Papa Hadrianus, Episcopus Romanus		Rome
26 December 795 to 12 June 816		Leo III	Papa Leo Tertius, Episcopus Romanus			Crowned Charlemagne Imperator Augustus on Christmas Day, 800, thereby initiating what would become the office of Holy Roman Emperor requiring the imprimatur of the pope for its legitimacy

9th Century

Pontificate	Common English name	Regnal (Latin) name	Personal name	Place of birth	Notes
12 June 816 to 24 January 817	Stephen IV	Papa Stephanus Quartus, Episcopus Romanus			Sometimes called Stephen V
25 January 817 to 11 February 824	Paschal I Saint Paschal	Papa Paschalis, Episcopus Romanus		Rome
8 May 824 to August 827	Eugene II	Papa Eugenius Secundus, Episcopus Romanus		Rome
August 827 to September 827	Valentine	Papa Valentinus, Episcopus Romanus		Rome
827 to January 844	Gregory IV	Papa Gregorius Quartus, Episcopus Romanus
January 844 to 7 January 847	Sergius II	Papa Sergius Secundus, Episcopus Romanus		Rome
January 847 to 17 July 855	Leo IV, O.S.B. Saint Leo	Papa Leo Quartus, Episcopus Romanus		Rome
855 to 7 April 858	Benedict III	Papa Benedictus Tertius, Episcopus Romanus
24 April 858 to 13 November 867	Nicholas I Saint Nicholas Nicholas the Great	Papa Nicolaus Magnus Episcopus Romanus
14 December 867 to 14 December 872	Adrian II	Papa Hadrianus Secundus, Episcopus Romanus		Rome
14 December 872 to 16 December 882	John VIII	Papa Ioannes Octavus, Episcopus Romanus		Rome
16 December 882 to 15 May 884	Marinus I	Papa Marinus, Episcopus Romanus
17 May 884 to c.September 885	Adrian III Saint Adrian	Papa Hadrianus Tertius, Episcopus Romanus		Rome
885 to 14 September 891	Stephen V	Papa Stephanus Quintus, Episcopus Romanus			Sometimes called Stephen VI
19 September 891 to 4 April 896	Formosus	Papa Formosus, Episcopus Romanus		Ostia	Posthumously ritually executed following the Cadaver Synod
4 April 896 to 19 April 896	Boniface VI	Papa Bonifacius Sextus, Episcopus Romanus		Rome
22 May 896 to August 897	Stephen VI	Papa Stephanus Sextus, Episcopus Romanus			Sometimes called Stephen VII
August 897 to November 897	Romanus	Papa Romanus, Episcopus Romanus
December 897	Theodore II	Papa Theodorus Secundus, Episcopus Romanus
January 898 to January 900	John IX, O.S.B.	Papa Ioannes Nonus, Episcopus Romanus

10th Century

Pontificate	Common English name	Regnal (Latin) name	Personal name	Place of birth	Notes
900 to 903	Benedict IV	Papa Benedictus Quartus, Episcopus Romanus		Rome
July 903 to September 903	Leo V	Papa Leo Quintus, Episcopus Romanus		Ardea
29 January 904 to 14 April 911	Sergius III	Papa Sergius Tertius, Episcopus Romanus		Rome	"Pornocracy" begins
April 911 to June 913	Anastasius III	Papa Anastasius Tertius, Episcopus Romanus		Rome
July/August 913 to February/March 914	Lando	Papa Lando, Episcopus Romanus		Sabina, Italy
March 914 to May 928	John X	Papa Ioannes Decimus, Episcopus Romanus
May 928 to December 928	Leo VI	Papa Leo Sextus, Episcopus Romanus
December 928 to February 931	Stephen VII	Papa Stephanus Septimus, Episcopus Romanus			Sometimes called Stephen VIII
February/March 931 to December 935	John XI	Papa Ioannes Undecimus, Episcopus Romanus
3 January 936 to 13 July 939	Leo VII, O.S.B.	Papa Leo Septimus, Episcopus Romanus
14 July 939 to October 942	Stephen VIII	Papa Stephanus Octavus, Episcopus Romanus			Sometimes called Stephen IX
30 October 942 to May 946	Marinus II	Papa Marinus Secundus, Episcopus Romanus
10 May 946 to December 955	Agapetus II	Papa Agapetus Secundus, Episcopus Romanus
16 December 955 to 14 May 964	John XII	Papa Ioannes Duodecimus, Episcopus Romanus	Octavian		Deposed in 963 by Emperor Otto invalidly; end of the "Pornocracy"
22 May 964 to 23 June 964	Benedict V	Papa Benedictus Quintus, Episcopus Romanus			Elected after John XII's death by the people of Rome, in opposition to the Antipope Leo VIII who was appointed by Emperor Otto; Benedict accepted his deposition in 964 leaving Leo as sole pope.
July 964 to 1 March 965	Leo VIII	Papa Leo Octavus, Episcopus Romanus		Rome	Appointed antipope by Emperor Otto in 963 in opposition to John XII and Benedict V. He became the true Pope after Benedict V was deposed
1 October 965 to 6 September 972	John XIII	Papa Ioannes Tertius Decimus, Episcopus Romanus
19 January 973 to June 974	Benedict VI	Papa Benedictus Sextus, Episcopus Romanus			Deposed and murdered
October 974 to 10 July 983	Benedict VII	Papa Benedictus Septimus, Episcopus Romanus
December 983 to 20 August 984	John XIV	Papa Ioannes Quartus Decimus, Episcopus Romanus	Pietro Campanora	Pavia
August 985 to March 996	John XV	Papa Ioannes Quintus Decimus, Episcopus Romanus		Rome
3 May 996 to 18 February 999	Gregory V	Papa Gregorius Quintus, Episcopus Romanus	Bruno of Carinthia		First German Pope
2 April 999 to 12 May 1003	Sylvester II	Papa Silvester Secundus, Episcopus Romanus	Gerbert d'Aurillac	Auvergne region of France	First French Pope

11th-15th Centuries

11th Century

Pontificate	Common English name	Regnal name	Personal name	Place of birth	Notes
June 1003 to December 1003	John XVII	Papa Ioannes Septimus Decimus, Episcopus Romanus	Siccone	Rome
25 December 1003 to July 1009	John XVIII	Papa Ioannes Duodevicesimus, Episcopus Romanus	Giovanni Fasano; Phasianus	Rome
31 July 1009 to 12 May 1012	Sergius IV	Papa Sergius Quartus, Episcopus Romanus	Pietro Boccapecora	Rome
18 May 1012 to 9 April 1024	Benedict VIII	Papa Benedictus Octavus, Episcopus Romanus	Theophylactus II, Conti di Tusculum	Rome
April/May 1024 to 20 October 1032	John XIX	Papa Ioannes Undevicesimus, Episcopus Romanus	Romanus, Conti di Tusculum	Rome
1032 to 1044	Benedict IX	Papa Benedictus Nonus, Episcopus Romanus	Theophylactus III, Conti di Tusculum	Rome	1st Term; abdicated for financial reward
1045	Sylvester III	Papa Silvester Tertius, Episcopus Romanus	John, Bishop of Sabina	Rome	Validity of election questioned; considered Anti-Pope; deposed at the Council of Sutri.
1045 to 1046	Benedict IX	Papa Benedictus Nonus, Episcopus Romanus	Theophylactus III, Conti di Tusculum	Rome	2nd Term; deposed at the Council of Sutri
April/May 1045 to 20 December 1046	Gregory VI	Papa Gregorius Sextus, Episcopus Romanus	Johannes Gratianus		Deposed at the Council of Sutri
24 December 1046 to 9 October 1047	Clement II	Papa Clemens Secundus, Episcopus Romanus	Suidger	Saxony
November 1047 to 1048	Benedict IX	Papa Benedictus Nonus, Episcopus Romanus	Theophylactus III, Conti di Tusculum		3rd Term; deposed and excommunicated
17 July 1048 to 9 August 1048	Damasus II	Papa Damasus Secundus, Episcopus Romanus	Poppo	Tirol
12 February 1049 to 19 April 1054	Leo IX Saint Leo	Papa Leo Nonus, Episcopus Romanus	Bruno, Count of Dagsbourg	Alsace
13 April 1055 to 28 July 1057	Victor II	Papa Victor Secundus, Episcopus Romanus	Gebhard, Count of Calw, Tollenstein, and Hirschberg	Germany
2 August 1057 to 29 March 1058	Stephen IX, O.S.B.	Papa Stephanus Nonus, Episcopus Romanus	Frederic de Lorraine; Frederick of Lorraine		Sometimes called Stephen X
6 December 1058 to 27 July 1061	Nicholas II	Papa Nicolaus Secundus, Episcopus Romanus	Gérard de Bourgogne; Gerard of Burgundy
30 September 1061 to 21 April 1073	Alexander II	Papa Alexander Secundus, Episcopus Romanus	Anselmo da Baggio	Baggio, Milan, Italy
22 April 1073 to 25 May 1085	Gregory VII, O.S.B. Saint Gregory	Papa Gregorius Septimus, Episcopus Romanus	Hildebrand	Soana, Tuscany, Italy	Restricted the use of title "Papa" to the Bishop of Rome
24 May 1086 to 16 September 1087	Victor III, O.S.B. Blessed Victor	Papa Victor Tertius, Episcopus Romanus	Desiderio; Desiderius; Dauferius	Southern Italy
12 March 1088 to 29 July 1099	Urban II, O.S.B. Blessed Urban	Papa Urbanus Secundus, Episcopus Romanus	Odo of Lagery	France	Started the First Crusade
13 August 1099 to 21 January 1118	Paschal II, O.Cist.	Papa Paschalis Secundus, Episcopus Romanus	Raniero	Romagna, Italy

12th Century

Pontificate	Common English name	Regnal (Latin) name	Personal name	Place of birth	Notes
24 January 1118 to 28 January 1119	Gelasius II, O.S.B.	Papa Gelasius Secundus, Episcopus Romanus	Giovanni Coniulo	Gaeta, Latium, Italy
2 February 1119 to 13 December 1124	Callixtus II	Papa Callistus Secundus, Episcopus Romanus	Guido, Comte de Bourgogne	France	Opened the First Council of the Lateran in 1123
15 December 1124 to 13 February 1130	Honorius II	Papa Honorius Secundus, Episcopus Romanus	Lamberto Scannabecchi	Imola, Romagna, Italy
14 February 1130 to 24 September 1143	Innocent II	Papa Innocentius Secundus, Episcopus Romanus	Gregorio Papareschi	Rome, Italy	Convened the Second Council of the Lateran, 1139
26 September 1143 to 8 March 1144	Celestine II	Papa Coelestinus Secundus, Episcopus Romanus	Guido	Città di Castello, Umbria, Italy
12 March 1144 to 15 March 1145	Lucius II	Papa Lucius Secundus, Episcopus Romanus	Gerardo Caccianemici dal Orso	Bologna, Italy
15 February 1145 to 8 July 1153	Eugene III, O.Cist. Blessed Eugene	Papa Eugenius Tertius, Episcopus Romanus	Bernardo Pignatelli	Pisa, Tuscany, Italy
8 July 1153 to 3 December 1154	Anastasius IV	Papa Anastasius Quartus, Episcopus Romanus	Corrado	Rome
4 December 1154 to 1 September 1159	Adrian IV, O.S.A.	Papa Hadrianus Quartus, Episcopus Romanus	Nicholas Breakspear	England	Only English pope; granted Ireland to Henry II, King of England
7 September 1159 to 30 August 1181	Alexander III	Papa Alexander Tertius, Episcopus Romanus	Rolando Bandinelli	Siena, Tuscany, Italy	Convened the Third Council of the Lateran, 1179
1 September 1181 to 25 November 1185	Lucius III	Papa Lucius Tertius, Episcopus Romanus	Ubaldo Allucingoli	Lucca, Tuscany, Italy
25 November 1185 to 19 October 1187	Urban III	Papa Urbanus Tertius, Episcopus Romanus	Uberto Crivelli	Milan, Italy
21 October 1187 to 17 December 1187	Gregory VIII	Papa Gregorius Octavus, Episcopus Romanus	Alberto di Morra	Benevento, Campania, Italy	Proposed the Third Crusade
19 December 1187 to 27 March 1191	Clement III	Papa Clemens Tertius, Episcopus Romanus	Paulino Scolari	Rome
30 March 1191 to 8 January 1198	Celestine III	Papa Coelestinus Tertius, Episcopus Romanus	Giacinto Bobone	Rome
8 January 1198 to 16 July 1216	Innocent III	Papa Innocentius Tertius, Episcopus Romanus	Lothario dei Conti di Segni	Gavignano, Latium, Italy	Convened the Fourth Council of the Lateran, 1215

13th Century

Pontificate	Common English name	Regnal (Latin) name	Personal name	Place of birth	Notes
18 July 1216 to 18 March 1227	Honorius III	Papa Honorius Tertius, Episcopus Romanus	Cencio Savelli	Rome
19 March 1227 to 22 August 1241	Gregory IX	Papa Gregorius Nonus, Episcopus Romanus	Ugolino dei Conti di Segni	Anagni, Latium, Italy
25 October 1241 to 10 November 1241	Celestine IV, O.S.B.	Papa Coelestinus Quartus, Episcopus Romanus	Goffredo Castiglioni	Milan, Italy
25 June 1243 to 7 December 1254	Innocent IV	Papa Innocentius Quartus, Episcopus Romanus	Sinibaldo Fieschi	Genoa, Italy	Convened the First Council of Lyons, 1245
12 December 1254 to 25 May 1261	Alexander IV	Papa Alexander Quartus, Episcopus Romanus	Rinaldo dei Conti di Segni; Rinaldo Conti	Anagni, Italy
29 August 1261 to 2 October 1264	Urban IV	Papa Urbanus Quartus, Episcopus Romanus	Jacques Pantaléon	Troyes, France
5 February 1265 to 29 November 1268	Clement IV	Papa Clemens Quartus, Episcopus Romanus	Gui Faucoi le Gros (angl: Guy Foulques the Fat)	Saint-Gilles, France
29 November 1268 to 1 September 1271		interregnum
1 September 1271 to 10 January 1276	Gregory X, O.Cist. Blessed Gregory	Papa Gregorius Decimus, Episcopus Romanus	Tebaldo Visconti	Piacenza, Italy	Convened the Second Council of Lyons, 1274
21 January 1276 to 22 June 1276	Innocent V, O.P. Blessed Innocent	Papa Innocentius Quintus, Episcopus Romanus	Pierre de Tarentaise	Savoy, France
11 July 1276 to 18 August 1276	Adrian V	Papa Hadrianus Quintus, Episcopus Romanus	Ottobuono Fieschi	Genoa, Italy
8 September 1276 to 20 May 1277	John XXI	Papa Ioannes Vicesimus Primus, Episcopus Romanus	Pedro Hispano	Lisbon, Portugal	Killed in the collapse of his scientific laboratory
25 November 1277 to 22 August 1280	Nicholas III, O.S.B.	Papa Nicolaus Tertius, Episcopus Romanus	Giovanni Gaetano Orsini	Rome, Italy
22 February 1281 to 28 March 1285	Martin IV	Papa Martinus Quartus, Episcopus Romanus	Simon de Brion; Simon de Brie	Touraine, France
2 April 1285 to 3 April 1287	Honorius IV	Papa Honorius Quartus, Episcopus Romanus	Giacomo Savelli	Rome, Italy
22 February 1288 to 4 April 1292	Nicholas IV, O.F.M.	Papa Nicolaus Quartus, Episcopus Romanus	Girolamo Masci	Ascoli, Italy
4 April 1292 to 5 July 1294		interregnum
5 July 1294 to 13 December 1294	Celestine V, O.S.B. Saint Celestine	Papa Coelestinus Quintus, Episcopus Romanus	Pietro da Morrone	Moline, Italy	One of only two popes who abdicated
24 December 1294 to 11 October 1303	Boniface VIII	Papa Bonifacius Octavus, Episcopus Romanus	Benedetto Caetani	Anagni, Italy

14th Century

Pontificate	Common English name	Regnal (Latin) name	Personal name	Place of birth	Notes
22 October 1303 to 7 July 1304	Benedict XI, O.P. Blessed Bendedict	Papa Benedictus Undecimus, Episcopus Romanus	Niccolò Boccasini	Treviso, Italy	Convened the Council of Vienne, 1311-1312
5 June 1305 to 20 April 1314	Clement V	Papa Clemens Quintus, Episcopus Romanus	Bertrand de Got	Bordeaux, France	Pope at Avignon. Suppressed the Knights Templar at the Council of Vienne.
20 April 1314 to 7 August 1316		interregnum
7 August 1316 to 4 December 1334	John XXII	Papa Ioannes Vicesimus Secundus, Episcopus Romanus	Jacques d'Euse; Jacques Duèse	Cahors, France	Pope at Avignon
20 December 1334 to 25 April 1342	Benedict XII, O.Cist.	Papa Benedictus Duodecimus, Episcopus Romanus	Jacques Fournier	Saverdun, France	Pope at Avignon
7 May 1342 to 6 December 1352	Clement VI	Papa Clemens Sextus, Episcopus Romanus	Pierre Roger	Limoges, France	Pope at Avignon
18 December 1352 to 12 September 1362	Innocent VI	Papa Innocentius Sextus, Episcopus Romanus	Étienne Aubert; Stephen Aubert	Beyssac, France	Pope at Avignon
28 September 1362 to 19 December 1370	Urban V, O.S.B. Blessed Urban	Papa Urbanus Quintus, Episcopus	Guillaume Grimoard; Guillaume de Grimoard	Languedoc, France	Pope at Avignon
30 December 1370 to 26 March 1378	Gregory XI	Papa Gregorius Undecimus, Episcopus Romanus	Pierre Roger de Beaufort	Limoges, France	Pope at Avignon; returns to Rome
8 April 1378 to 15 October 1389	Urban VI	Papa Urbanus Sextus, Episcopus Romanus	Bartolomeo Prignano	Naples, Italy	Western Schism
2 November 1389 to 1 October 1404	Boniface IX	Papa Bonifacius Nonus, Episcopus Romanus	Pietro Tomacelli	Naples, Italy	Western Schism

15th Century

Pontificate	Portrait	Common English name	Regnal (Latin) name	Personal name	Place of birth	Notes
17 October 1404 to 6 November 1406		Innocent VII	Papa Innocentius Septimus, Episcopus Romanus	Cosimo Gentile Migliorati	Abruzzi, Italy	Western Schism
30 November 1406 to 4 July 1415		Gregory XII	Papa Gregorius Duodecimus, Episcopus Romanus	Angelo Correr	Venice, Italy	Western Schism; abdicated during the Council of Constance, which had been called by his opponent John XXIII.
4 July 1415 to 11 November 1417		interregnum
11 November 1417 to 20 February 1431		Martin V	Papa Martinus Quintus, Episcopus Romanus	Oddone Colonna	Rome, Italy	Convened the Council of Basel, 1431
3 March 1431 to 23 February 1447		Eugene IV, O.S.A.	Papa Eugenius Quartus, Episcopus Romanus	Gabriele Condulmer	Venice, Italy	crowned Sigismund emperor at Rome in 1433.
6 March 1447 to 24 March 1455	Image:Nicholasv.jpg	Nicholas V, O.P.	Papa Nicolaus Quintus, Episcopus Romanus	Tommaso Parentucelli	Sarzana, Liguria, Italy	Held Jubilee of 1450; crowned Frederick III emperor at Rome in 1452.
8 April 1455 to 6 August 1458		Callixtus III	Papa Callistus Tertius, Episcopus Romanus	Alfonso de Borgia	Xàtiva, València, Spain	First Spanish Pope
19 August 1458 to 15 August 1464		Pius II	Papa Pius Secundus, Episcopus Romanus	Enea Silvio Piccolomini	Siena, Italy
30 August 1464 to 26 July 1471		Paul II	Papa Paulus Secundus, Episcopus Romanus	Pietro Barbo	Venice, Italy	Nephew of Eugene IV
9 August 1471 to 12 August 1484		Sixtus IV, O.F.M.	Papa Xystus Quartus, Episcopus Romanus	Francesco della Rovere	Savona, Italy	Member of the Franciscan Order, Commissioned the Sistine Chapel
29 August 1484 to 25 July 1492		Innocent VIII	Papa Innocentius Octavus, Episcopus Romanus	Giovanni Battista Cybo	Genoa, Italy	Appointed Tomás de Torquemada
11 August 1492 to 18 August 1503		Alexander VI	Papa Alexander Sextus, Episcopus Romanus	Rodrigo de Lanzòl-Borgia	Xàtiva, València, Spain	Nephew of Callixtus III. Father to Cesare Borgia and Lucrezia Borgia. Divided the extra-European world between Spain and Portugal in 1493 by the Bull Inter caetera.

16th-20th Centuries

16th Century

Pontificate	Portrait	Common English name	Regnal name	Personal name	Place of birth	Notes
22 September 1503 to 18 October 1503		Pius III	Papa Pius Tertius, Episcopus Romanus	Francesco Todeschini Piccolomini	Siena, Tuscany, Italy	Nephew of Pius II
31 October 1503 to 21 February 1513		Julius II, O.F.M.	Papa Iulius Secundus, Episcopus Romanus	Giuliano della Rovere	Albisola, Savona, Italy	Nephew of Sixtus IV; Convened the Fifth Council of the Lateran, 1512. Took effective control of the whole territory of the Papal States for the first time. Proposed plans for rebuilding of Saint Peter's Basilica
9 March 1513 to 1 December 1521		Leo X	Papa Leo Decimus, Episcopus Romanus	Giovanni di Lorenzo de' Medici	Florence, Italy	Son of Lorenzo the Magnificent. Excommunicated Martin Luther
9 January 1522 to 14 September 1523		Adrian VI	Papa Hadrianus Sextus, Episcopus Romanus	Adriaan Floriszoon Boeyens	Utrecht, Holy Roman Empire (presently The Netherlands)	The only Dutch Pope. Last non-Italian to be elected pope until John Paul II in 1978. The tutor of Emperor Charles V
26 November 1523 to 25 September 1534		Clement VII	Papa Clemens Septimus, Episcopus Romanus	Giulio di Giuliano de' Medici	Florence, Italy	Cousin of Leo X. Rome plundered by imperial troops ("Sacco di Roma"), 1527. He forbade the divorce of Henry VIII and crowned Charles V Emperor at Bologna in 1530. His niece Catherine de' Medici was married to the son of the French king.
13 October 1534 to 10 November 1549		Paul III	Papa Paulus Tertius, Episcopus Romanus	Alessandro Farnese	Canino, Viterbo, Italy	Opened the Council of Trent in 1545. His illegitimate son became the first Duke of Parma.
7 February 1550 to 29 March 1555		Julius III	Papa Iulius Tertius, Episcopus Romanus	Giovanni Maria Ciocchi del Monte	Rome, Italy
9 April 1555 to April 30 or 1 May 1555		Marcellus II	Papa Marcellus Secundus, Episcopus Romanus	Marcello Cervini	Montefano, Macerata, Italy	Last to use given name as regnal name
23 May 1555 to 18 August 1559		Paul IV	Papa Paulus Quartus, Episcopus Romanus	Giovanni Pietro Carafa	Capriglia, Campania, Italy
26 December 1559 to 9 December 1565		Pius IV	Papa Pius Quartus, Episcopus Romanus	Giovanni Angelo Medici	Milan, Italy	Reopened the Council of Trent, 1562, it concluded its proceedings in 1563
7 January 1566 to 1 May 1572		Pius V, O.P. Saint Pius	Papa Pius Quintus, Episcopus Romanus	Michele Ghislieri	Bosco, Alessandria, Italy	Excommunicated Elizabeth I of England, 1570. Victory of Lepanto 1571
13 May 1572 to 10 April 1585		Gregory XIII	Papa Gregorius Tertius Decimus, Episcopus Romanus	Ugo Boncompagni	Bologna, Italy	Reform of the calendar 1582
24 April 1585 to 27 August 1590		Sixtus V, O.F.M. Conv.	Papa Xystus Quintus, Episcopus Romanus	Felice Peretti	Grottammare, Marche, Italy
15 September 1590 to 27 September 1590		Urban VII	Papa Urbanus Septimus, Episcopus Romanus	Giovanni Battista Castagna	Rome, Italy
5 December 1590 to 15 /16 October 1591		Gregory XIV	Papa Gregorius Quartus Decimus, Episcopus Romanus	Niccolò Sfondrati	Cremona, Lombardy, Italy
29 October 1591 to 30 December 1591		Innocent IX	Papa Innocentius Nonus, Episcopus Romanus	Giovanni Antonio Facchinetti	Bologna, Italy
30 January 1592 to 3 March 1605		Clement VIII	Papa Clemens Octavus, Episcopus Romanus	Ippolito Aldobrandini	Fano, Marche, Italy

17th Century

Pontificate	Portrait	Common English name	Regnal name	Personal name	Place of birth	Notes
1 April 1605 to 27 April 1605		Leo XI	Papa Leo Undecimus, Episcopus Romanus	Alessandro Ottaviano de' Medici	Florence, Italy
16 May 1605 to 28 January 1621		Paul V	Papa Paulus Quintus, Episcopus Romanus	Camillo Borghese	Rome, Italy
9 February 1621 to 8 July 1623		Gregory XV	Papa Gregorius Quintus Decimus, Episcopus Romanus	Alessandro Ludovisi	Bologna, Italy
6 August 1623 to 29 July 1644		Urban VIII	Papa Urbanus Octavus, Episcopus Romanus	Maffeo Barberini	Florence, Italy	Trial against Galileo Galilei
15 September 1644 to 7 January 1655		Innocent X	Papa Innocentius Decimus, Episcopus Romanus	Giovanni Battista Pamphilj	Rome, Italy
7 April 1655 to 22 May 1667		Alexander VII	Papa Alexander Septimus, Episcopus Romanus	Fabio Chigi	Siena, Tuscany, Italy
20 June 1667 to 9 December 1669		Clement IX	Papa Clemens Nonus, Episcopus Romanus	Giulio Rospigliosi	Pistoia, Tuscany, Italy
29 April 1670 to 22 July 1676		Clement X	Papa Clemens Decimus, Episcopus Romanus	Emilio Altieri	Rome, Italy
21 September 1676 to 11/12 August 1689		Innocent XI Blessed Innocent	Papa Innocentius Undecimus, Episcopus Romanus	Benedetto Odescalchi	Como, Lombardy, Italy
6 October 1689 to 1 February 1691		Alexander VIII	Papa Alexander Octavus, Episcopus Romanus	Pietro Vito Ottoboni	Padova, Veneto, Italy
12 July 1691 to 27 September 1700		Innocent XII	Papa Innocentius Duodecimus, Episcopus Romanus	Antonio Pignatelli	Spinazzola, Puglia, Italy
23 November 1700 to 19 March 1721		Clement XI	Papa Clemens Undecimus, Episcopus Romanus	Giovanni Francesco Albani	Urbino, Marche, Italy

18th Century

Pontificate	Portrait	Common English name	Regnal name	Personal name	Place of birth	Notes
8 May 1721 to 7 March 1724		Innocent XIII	Papa Innocentius Tertius Decimus, Episcopus Romanus	Michelangelo de ’Conti; Michael Angelo Conti	Poli, Lazio, Italy
29 May 1724 to 21 February 1730		Benedict XIII, O.P.	Papa Benedictus Tertius Decimus, Episcopus Romanus	Pierfrancesco Orsini	Gravina, Puglia, Italy
12 July 1730 to 6 February 1740		Clement XII	Papa Clemens Duodecimus, Episcopus Romanus	Lorenzo Corsini	Florence, Italy
17 August 1740 to 3 May 1758		Benedict XIV	Papa Benedictus Quartus Decimus, Episcopus Romanus	Prospero Lorenzo Lambertini	Bologna, Italy
6 July 1758 to 2 February 1769		Clement XIII	Papa Clemens Tertius Decimus, Episcopus Romanus	Carlo della Torre Rezzonico	Venice, Veneto, Italy
19 May 1769 to 22 September 1774		Clement XIV, O.F.M. Conv.	Papa Clemens Quartus Decimus, Episcopus Romanus	Giovanni Vincenzo Antonio Ganganelli	Sant'Arcangelo di Romagna, Italy	Suppressed the Jesuit Order.
15 February 1775 to 29 August 1799		Pius VI	Papa Pius Sextus, Episcopus Romanus	Count Giovanni Angelo Braschi	Cesena, Italy	Condemned the French Revolution and was expelled from the Papal States by French troops from 1798 until his death.
14 March 1800 to 20 August 1823		Pius VII, O.S.B.	Papa Pius Septimus, Episcopus Romanus	Barnaba Chiaramonti	Cesena, Italy	Present at Napoleon's coronation as Emperor of the French. Temporarily expelled from the Papal States by the French between 1809 and 1814.

19th Century

Pontificate	Portrait	Common English name	Regnal name	Personal name	Place of birth	Notes
28 September 1823 to 10 February 1829		Leo XII	Papa Leo Duodecimus, Episcopus Romanus	Count Annibale Sermattei della Genga	Fabriano, Marche, Italy
31 March 1829 to 1 December 1830		Pius VIII	Papa Pius Octavus, Episcopus Romanus	Francesco Saverio Castiglioni	Cingoli, Marche, Italy
2 February 1831 to 1 June 1846		Gregory XVI, O.S.B. Cam.	Papa Gregorius Sextus Decimus, Episcopus Romanus	Bartolomeo Alberto Cappellari	Belluno, Veneto, Italy	The last non-bishop to be elected
16 June 1846 to 7 February 1878		Pius IX Blessed Pius IX	Papa Pius Nonus, Episcopus Romanus	Count Giovanni Maria Mastai-Ferretti	Senigallia, Marche, Italy	Opened First Vatican Council; lost the Papal States to Italy. Longest serving pope in history (see note on St. Peter.)
20 February 1878 to 20 July 1903		Leo XIII	Papa Leo Tertius Decimus, Episcopus Romanus	Gioacchino Vincenzo Raffaele Luigi Pecci	Carpineto Romano, Latium, Italy	Laid down the seeds of Catholic Social Teaching through his encyclical, Rerum Novarum (On Capital and Labor) and supported Christian Democracy as against communism; he is the third-longest reigning pope after Pius IX (reigned for 31 years) and John Paul II (reigned for 26 years)

20th Century

Pontificate	Portrait	Common English name	Regnal name	Personal name	Place of birth	Notes
4 August 1903 to 20 August 1914		Pius X Saint Pius X	Papa Pius Decimus, Episcopus Romanus	Giuseppe Melchiorre Sarto	Riese, Treviso, Veneto, Italy	Encouraged and expanded reception of Holy Communion. Most recent pope to be canonized.
3 September 1914 to 22 January 1922		Benedict XV	Papa Benedictus Quintus Decimus, Episcopus Romanus	Giacomo Della Chiesa	Genoa, Italy	Credited for intervening for peace during World War I. He is remembered by Pope Benedict XVI as "prophet of peace."
6 February 1922 to 10 February 1939		Pius XI	Papa Pius Undecimus, Episcopus Romanus	Achille Ambrogio Damiano Ratti	Desio, Milan, Italy	Signed the Lateran Treaty with Italy, establishing the Vatican City as a sovereign state.
2 March 1939 to 9 October 1958		Pius XII Venerable Pius XII	Papa Pius Duodecimus, Episcopus Romanus	Eugenio Maria Giuseppe Giovanni Pacelli	Rome, Italy	Invoked papal infallibility in encyclical Munificentissimus Deus.
28 October 1958 to 3 June 1963		John XXIII Blessed John XXIII	Papa Ioannes Vicesimus Tertius, Episcopus Romanus	Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli	Sotto il Monte, Bergamo, Italy	Opened Second Vatican Council; sometimes called "Good Pope John"
21 June 1963 to 6 August 1978		Paul VI Servant of God Paul VI	Papa Paulus Sextus, Episcopus Romanus	Giovanni Battista Enrico Antonio Maria Montini	Concesio, Brescia, Italy	The last pope to be crowned with the Papal Tiara. Concluded Second Vatican Council.
26 August 1978 to 28 September 1978		John Paul I Servant of God John Paul I	Papa Ioannes Paulus Primus, Episcopus Romanus	Albino Luciani	Forno di Canale (now Canale d'Agordo), Veneto, Italy	First Pope to use 'the First' in regnal name. First pope with two names, for his two immediate predecessors.
16 October 1978 to 2 April 2005		John Paul II Servant of God John Paul II	Papa Ioannes Paulus Secundus, Episcopus Romanus	Karol Józef Wojtyła	Wadowice, Poland	First Polish pope and first non-Italian pope in 455 years. Canonized more saints than all predecessors. Longest serving Pope since Pius IX (1846-1878) and 2nd longest serving Pope to date (see note on St. Peter. ) He is fondly remembered as "Pope of the Youth" and as "the Pilgrim Pope" for his extensive official travel.

21st Century

Pontificate	Portrait	Common English name	Regnal name	Personal name	Place of birth	Notes
19 April 2005 to present		Benedict XVI	Papa Benedictus Sextus Decimus, Episcopus Romanus	Joseph Alois Ratzinger	Marktl am Inn, Bavaria, Germany	First German pope since Pope Adrian VI in 1523 or Stephen IX in 1058. Oldest to become pope since Clement XII in 1730. First modern Pope from a predominantly non-Catholic country.

Ages of popes

Elected at an age between 11 and 18 Benedict IX Pope 1032-1044, 1045, 1047-1048

Elected at age 79 Clement X (born 1590) Pope from 1670 to 1676

Died at age 93 Leo XIII (born 1810) Pope from 1878 to 1903

Since 1400

Common name	Pontificate		Elected at age	Died or resigned at age	Years as Pope
Benedict XVI	19 April 2005	present	78	-	3
John Paul II	16 October 1978	2 April 2005	58	84	26
John Paul I	26 August 1978	28 September 1978	65	65	<1
Paul VI	21 June 1963	6 August 1978	65	80	15
John XXIII	28 October 1958	3 June 1963	76	81	4
Pius XII	2 March 1939	9 October 1958	63	82	19
Pius XI	6 February 1922	10 February 1939	64	81	17
Benedict XV	3 September 1914	22 January 1922	59	67	7
Pius X	4 August 1903	20 August 1914	68	79	11
Leo XIII	20 February 1878	20 July 1903	67	93	25
Pius IX	16 June 1846	7 February 1878	54	85	31
Gregory XVI	2 February 1831	1 June 1846	65	80	15
Pius VIII	31 March 1829	1 December 1830	67	69	1
Leo XII	28 September 1823	10 February 1829	63	68	5
Pius VII	14 March 1800	20 August 1823	57	81	23
Pius VI	15 February 1775	29 August 1799	57	81	24
Clement XIV	19 May 1769	22 September 1774	63	68	5
Clement XIII	6 July 1758	2 February 1769	65	75	10
Benedict XIV	17 August 1740	3 May 1758	65	83	17
Clement XII	12 July 1730	6 February 1740	78	87	9
Benedict XIII	27 May 1724	21 February 1730	75	81	5
Innocent XIII	8 May 1721	7 March 1724	65	68	3
Clement XI	23 November 1700	19 March 1721	51	71	20
Innocent XII	12 July 1691	27 September 1700	76	85	9
Alexander VIII	6 October 1689	1 February 1691	79	80	1
Innocent XI	21 September 1676	12 August 1689	65	78	12
Clement X	29 April 1670	22 July 1676	79	86	6
Clement IX	20 June 1667	9 December 1669	67	69	2
Alexander VII	7 April 1655	22 May 1667	56	68	12
Innocent X	16 September 1644	7 January 1655	70	80	10
Urban VIII	6 August 1623	29 July 1644	55	76	20
Gregory XV	9 February 1621	3 July 1623	67	69	2
Paul V	16 May 1605	28 January 1621	52	68	15
Leo XI	1 April 1605	12 April 1605	69	69	<1
Clement VIII	30 January 1592	3 March 1605	55	69	13
Innocent IX	29 October 1591	30 December 1591	72	72	<1
Gregory XIV	5 December 1590	16 October 1591	55	56	<1
Urban VII	15 September 1590	27 September 1590	69	69	<1
Sixtus V	24 April 1585	27 August 1590	63	68	5
Gregory XIII	13 May 1572	10 April 1585	70	83	12
Pius V	7 January 1566	1 May 1572	61	68	6
Pius IV	25 December 1559	9 December 1565	59	66	6
Paul IV	23 May 1555	18 August 1559	78	83	4
Marcellus II	9 April 1555	1 May 1555	53	53	<1
Julius III	7 February 1550	23 March 1555	62	67	5
Paul III	13 October 1534	10 November 1549	66	81	15
Clement VII	26 November 1523	25 September 1534	45	56	11
Adrian VI	9 January 1522	14 September 1523	62	64	1
Leo X	9 March 1513	1 December 1521	37	45	8
Julius II	31 October 1503	21 February 1513	59	69	9
Pius III	22 September 1503	18 October 1503	64	64	<1
Alexander VI	11 August 1492	18 August 1503	61	72	11
Innocent VIII†	29 August 1484	25 July 1492	51	59	7
Sixtus IV	9 August 1471	12 August 1484	57	70	13
Paul II	30 August 1464	26 July 1471	47	54	6
Pius II	19 August 1458	14 August 1464	52	58	5
Calixtus III	8 April 1455	6 August 1458	76	79	3
Nicholas V	6 March 1447	24 March 1455	49	57	8
Eugene IV†	3 March 1431	23 February 1447	47	63	15
Martin V†	11 November 1417	20 February 1431	48	62	13
Gregory XII†‡	30 November 1406	4 July 1415	60	69	8
Innocent VII†	17 October 1404	6 November 1406	67	69	2

† The exact birth date of Innocent VIII and almost all popes prior to Eugene IV is unknown, therefore the lowest probable age has been assumed for this table.
‡ This pope resigned his office.

Oldest popes

Ten oldest popes at election 1503-present
Pope	Year elected	Elected at age	Age at death	Years served as Pope
Clement X	1670	79 yrs, 290 days	86	6
Alexander VIII	1689	79 yrs, 177 days	80	1
Paul IV	1555	78 yrs, 330 days	83	4
Clement XII	1730	78 yrs, 100 days	87	9
Benedict XVI	2005	78 yrs, 3 days	-	3
John XXIII	1958	76 yrs, 337 days	81	4
Innocent XII	1691	76 yrs, 124 days	85	9
Benedict XIII	1724	75 yrs, 91 days	81	5
Innocent IX	1591	72 yrs, 104 days	72	0
Innocent X	1644	70 yrs, 151 days	80	10

Ten oldest popes at death 1503-present
Pope	Year elected	Elected at age	Age at death	Years served as Pope
Leo XIII	1878	67	93 yrs, 140 days	25
Clement XII	1730	78	87 yrs, 305 days	9
Clement X	1670	79	86 yrs, 9 days	6
Pius IX	1846	54	85 yrs, 270 days	31
Innocent XII	1691	76	85 yrs, 107 days	9
John Paul II	1978	58	84 yrs, 319 days	26
Gregory XIII	1572	70	83 yrs, 92 days	12
Paul IV	1555	78	83 yrs, 51 days	4
Benedict XIV	1740	65	83 yrs, 33 days	17
Pius XII	1939	63	82 yrs, 221 days	19

Statistics
Date range	Age at election	Age at death	Years served as Pope
Average 1700 to 2005	65	78	13
Average 1503 to 1700	63	70	7
Average 1503 to 2005	64	74	10

Youngest popes

The data to determine the age and dates of birth of the youngest Popes is frequently unavailable, as Popes have generally been elected at older ages in modern times. The youngest Pope was probably either Pope Benedict IX (who became Pope at an unknown age between 11 and 20) or Pope John XII (who was 18 at the beginning of his papacy).

Notes on numbering of popes

A number of anomalies in the list given above need further explanation:

• Felix II (356-357), Boniface VII (974, 984-985), John XVI (997-998), Benedict X (1058-1059) and Alexander V (1409-1410) are not listed because they are considered antipopes.
• The numbering of popes named Felix has been amended to omit antipope Felix II. However, most lists still call the last two Felixes Felix III and Felix IV. Additionally, there was an antipope Felix V.
• There has never been a pope John XX as a result of confusion of the numbering system in the 11th century.
• Pope-elect Stephen, who died before being consecrated, has not been on the Vatican's official list of popes since 1961, but appears on lists dating from before 1960. The numbering of following popes called Stephen are nowadays given as Pope Stephen II to Pope Stephen IX, rather than Stephen III to Stephen X.
• When Simon de Brion became pope in 1281, he chose to be called Martin. At that time, Marinus I and Marinus II were mistakenly considered to be Martin II and Martin III respectively, and so, erroneously, Simon de Brion became Pope Martin IV.
• Pope Donus II, said to have reigned about 974, never existed. The belief resulted from the confusion of the title dominus (lord) with a proper name. (Pope Joan also probably never existed; however, legends about her may have originated from stories about the pornocracy.)
• The status of Antipope John XXIII was uncertain for hundreds of years, and was finally settled in 1958 when Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli announced his own name as John XXIII. Baldassare Cossa, who was Antipope John XXIII, served as a Cardinal of the reunited church before his death in 1419 and his remains are found in the Battistero di San Giovanni (Florence).

See also

• List of antipopes
• List of popes sorted alphabetically
• Liber Pontificalis
• List of sexually active popes
• List of popes by length of reign
• Prophecy of the Popes
• List of German popes
• List of French popes
• African popes
• Links between popes
• Graphical list of popes

References

• John N.D. Kelly, The Oxford Dictionary of Popes, Oxford University Press, 1986.
• AA.VV., Enciclopedia dei Papi, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia italiana, 2000.
• Pontificia Amministrazione della Patriarcale Basilica di San Paolo, I Papi. Venti secoli di storia, Libreria Editrice Vaticana, 2002.

External links

• PopeChart.com
• Catholic Encyclopedia
• Giga-Catholic Information
• Popes & Anti-Popes