List of plants pollinated by bees

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Pollination by insects is called entomophily. Entomophily is a form of pollination whereby pollen is distributed by insects, particularly bees, Lepidoptera (e.g. butterflies and moths), flies and beetles. Note that honey bees will pollinate many plant species that are not native to areas where honey bees occur, and are often inefficient pollinators of such plants.

Common name Latin name Pollinator Commercial product of pollination Pollinator impact Geography of cultivation
Okra Abelmoschus esculentus Honey bees (incl. Apis cerana), Solitary bees (Halictus spp.) fruit 2-modest
Kiwifruit Actinidia deliciosa Honey bees, Bumblebees, Solitary bees fruit 4-essential
Bucket orchid Coryanthes Male Euglossini bees (Orchid bees)
Onion Allium cepa Honey bees, Solitary bees seed
Cashew Anacardium occidentale Honey bees, Stingless bees, bumblebees, Solitary bees (Centris tarsata), Butterflies, flies, hummingbirds nut 3-great
Atemoya, Cherimoya, Custard apple Annona squamosa Nitidulid beetles fruit 4-essential tropical
Celery Apium graveolens Honey bees, Solitary bees, flies seed
Strawberry tree Arbutus unedo Honey bees, bumblebees fruit 2-modest
Pawpaw Asimina triloba Carrion flies, Dung flies fruit 4-essential
Carambola, Starfruit Averrhoa carambola Honey bees, Stingless bees fruit 3-great tropical
Brazil nut Bertholletia excelsa Bumblebees, Orchid bees (Euglossini), Carpenter bees nut 4-essential
Beet Beta vulgaris Hover flies, Honey bees, Solitary bees seed 1-little
Mustard Brassica alba, Brassica hirta, Brassica nigra Honey bees, Solitary bees (Osmia cornifrons, Osmia lignaria) seed 2-modest
Rapeseed Brassica napus Honey bees, Solitary bees seed 2-modest
Broccoli Brassica oleracea cultivar Honey bees, Solitary bees seed
Cauliflower Brassica oleracea Botrytis Group Honey bees, Solitary bees seed
Cabbage Brassica oleracea Capitata Group Honey bees, Solitary bees seed
Brussels sprouts Brassica oleracea Gemmifera Group Honey bees, Solitary bees seed
Chinese cabbage Brassica rapa Honey bees, Solitary bees seed
Turnip, Canola Brassica rapa Honey bees, Solitary bees (Andrena ilerda, Osmia cornifrons, Osmia lignaria, Halictus spp.), flies seed 3-great
Pigeon pea, Cajan pea, Congo bean Cajanus cajan Honey bees, solitary bees (Megachile spp.), Carpenter bees seed 1-little
Jack bean, Horse bean, Sword bean Canavalia spp. Solitary bees, Carpenter bees (Xylocopa confusa) seed 2-modest
Chile pepper, Red pepper, Bell pepper, Green pepper Capsicum annuum, Capsicum frutescens Honey bees, stingless bees (Melipona spp.), bumblebees, solitary bees, hover flies fruit 1-little (pollinators important in green houses to increase fruit weight, but less in open fields)
Papaya Carica papaya Honey bees, thrips, large sphinx moths, Moths, Butterflies fruit 1-little
Safflower Carthamus tinctorius Honey bees, Solitary bees seed 1-little
Caraway Carum carvi Honey bees, Solitary bees, flies seed 2-modest
Chestnut Castanea sativa Honey bees, Solitary bees nut 2-modest
Star apple, Cainito Chrysophyllum cainito Insects, bats fruit 1-little tropical
Watermelon Citrullus lanatus Honey bees, bumblebees, solitary bees fruit 4-essential
Tangerine Citrus reticulata Honey bees, bumblebees fruit 1-little
Tangelo Citrus spp. Honey bees, Bumblebees fruit 1-little
Coconut Cocos nucifera Honey bees, Stingless bees nut 2-modest
Coffea spp. Coffea arabica, Coffea canephora Coffea spp. Honey bees, Stingless bees, Solitary bees fruit 2-modest
Cola nut Cola nitida, Cola vera, Cola acuminata flies nut 3-great
Coriander Coriandrum sativum Honey bees, Solitary bees seed 3-great
Crownvetch Coronilla varia L. Honey bees, Bumblebees, Solitary bees seed (increased yield from pollinators)
Hazelnut Corylus cornuta var. californica Honey bees, Solitary bees nut
Azarole Crataegus azarolus Honey bees, Solitary bees fruit 1-little
Cantaloupe, Melon Cucumis melo L. Honey bees, Squash bees, bumblebees, Solitary bees (Ceratina spp.) fruit 4-essential
Cucumber Cucumis sativus Honey bees, Squash bees, Bumblebees, Leafcutter bee (in greenhouse pollination), Solitary bees (for some parthenocarpic gynoecious green house varieties pollination is detrimental to fruit quality) fruit 3-great
Squash (plant), Pumpkin, Gourd, Marrow, Zuchini Cucurbita spp. Honey bees, Squash bees, Bumblebees, Solitary bees fruit 4-essential
Guar bean, Goa bean Cyamopsis tetragonoloba Honey bees seed 1-little
Quince Cydonia oblonga Mill. Honey bees fruit
Carrot Daucus carota Flies, Solitary bees seed
Hyacinth bean Dolichos spp. Honey bees, Solitary bees seed 2-modest
Longan Dimocarpus longan Honey bees, Stingless bees 1-little
Persimmon Diospyros kaki, Diospyros virginiana Honey bees, Bumblebees, Solitary bees fruit 1-little
Durian Durio zibethinus Bats, birds 3-great tropical
Oil palm Elaeis guineensis Weevils, thrips seed 1-little
Cardamom Elettaria cardamomum Honey bees, Solitary bees 3-great
Loquat Eriobotrya japonica Honey bees, Bumblebees fruit 3-great
Buckwheat Fagopyrum esculentum Honey bees, Solitary bees seed 3-great
Feijoa Feijoa sellowiana Honey bees, Solitary bees fruit 3-great tropical
Fig Ficus spp. Fig wasps (incl. Blastophaga psenes)[1] [2] fruit (syconium) 2-modest
Fennel Foeniculum vulgare Honey bees, Solitary bees, flies seed 3-great
Strawberry Fragaria spp. Honey bees, Stingless bees, Bumblebees, Solitary bees (Halictus spp.), Hover flies fruit 2-modest
Soybean Glycine max, Glycine soja Honey bees, bumblebees, Solitary bees seed 2-modest
Stanhopea Stanhopea Male Euglossini bees (Orchid bees)
Cotton Gossypium spp. Honey bees, Bumblebees, Solitary bees seed, fiber 2-modest
Sunflower Helianthus annuus Honey bees, bumblebees, Solitary bees seed 2-modest
Walnut Juglans spp. Honey bees, Solitary bees nut
Flax Linum usitatissimum Honey bees, Bumblebees, Solitary bees seed 1-little
Lychee Litchi chinensis Honey bees, flies fruit 1-little
Lupine Lupinus angustifolius L. Honey bees, Bumblebees, Solitary bees seed
Macadamia Macadamia ternifolia Honey bees, Stingless bees (Trigona carbonaria), Solitary bees (Homalictus spp.), Wasps, Butterflies nut 4-essential
Acerola Malpighia glabra Honey bees, Solitary bees fruit (minor commercial value)
Apple Malus domestica, or Malus sylvestris Honey bees, orchard mason bee, Bumblebees, Solitary bees (Andrena spp., Halictus spp., Osmia spp., Anthophora spp.), Hover flies (Eristalis cerealis, Eristalis tenax) fruit 3-great
Mammee Mammea americana Bees fruit 2-modest tropical
Mango Mangifera indica Honey bees, Stingless bees, flies, ants, wasps fruit 3-great
Sapodilla Manikara zapotilla thrips fruit 4-essential tropical
Alfalfa Medicago sativa Alfalfa leafcutter bee, Alkali bee, Honey bees seed
Rambutan Nephelium lappaceum Honey bees, Stingless bees, flies fruit

1-little

 tropical
Cactus, Prickly pear Opuntia spp. Bumblebees, Solitary bees fruit 2-modest
Sainfoin Onobrychis spp. Honey bees, Solitary bees seed
Passion fruit. Maracuja Passiflora edulis Carpenter bees, Solitary bees, bumblebees, humming birds fruit 4-essential tropical
Avocado Persea americana Honey bees, Stingless bees, Solitary bees fruit 3-great
Lima bean, Kidney bean, Haricot bean, Adzuki bean, Mungo bean, String bean Phaseolus spp. Honey bees, Solitary bees fruit, seed 1-little
Scarlet runner bean Phaseolus coccineus L. Bumblebees, Honey bees, Solitary bees, Thrips seed
Allspice Pimenta dioica Honey bees, Solitary bees (Halictus spp., Exomalopsis spp., Ceratina spp.) 3-great
Apricot Prunus armeniaca Honey bees, Bumblebees, Solitary bees, flies fruit 3-great
Sweet Cherry Prunus avium spp. Honey bees, Bumblebees, Solitary bees, flies fruit 3-great
Sour cherry Prunus cerasus Honey bees, Bumblebees, Solitary bees, flies fruit 3-great
Plum, Greengage, Mirabelle, Sloe Prunus domestica, Prunus spinosa Honey bees, Bumblebees, Solitary bees, flies fruit 3-great
Almond Prunus dulcis, Prunus amygdalus, or Amygdalus communis Honey bees, bumblebees, Solitary bees (Osmia cornuta), flies nut 3-great
Peach, Nectarine Prunus persica Honey bees, Bumblebees, Solitary bees, flies fruit 3-great
Guava Psidium guajava Honey bees, Stingless bees, Bumblebees, Solitary bees (Lasioglossum spp.) fruit 2-modest tropical
Pomegranate Punica granatum Honey bees, Solitary bees, beetles fruit 2-modest
Pear Pyrus communis Honey bees, Bumblebees, Solitary bees, Hover flies (Eristalis spp.) fruit 3-great
Black currant, Red currant Ribes nigrum, Ribes rubrum Honey bees, Bumblebees, Solitary bees fruit 2-modest
Rose hips, Dogroses Rosa spp. Honey bees, Bumblebees, Carpenter bees, Solitary bees, Hover flies 3-great
Boysenberry Rubus spp. Honey bees, Bumblebees, Solitary bees fruit
Raspberry Rubus idaeus Honey bees, Bumblebees, Solitary bees, Hover flies (Eristalis spp.) fruit 3-great
Blackberry Rubus fruticosus Honey bees, Bumblebees, Solitary bees, Hover flies (Eristalis spp.) fruit 3-great
Elderberry Sambucus nigra Honey bees, Solitary bees, flies, Longhorn beetles fruit 2-modest
Sesame Sesamum indicum Honey bees, Solitary bees, wasps, flies seed 2-modest
Eggplant Solanum melongena Honey bees, Bumblebees, Solitary bees fruit 2-modest (pollinators important in green houses, but less in open fields)
Naranjillo Solanum quitoense Bumblebees, Solitary bees fruit 3-great tropical
Rowanberry Sorbus aucuparia Honey bees, Solitary bees, Bumblebees, Hover flies fruit 4-essential
Service Tree Sorbus domestica bees, flies fruit 2-modest
Hog plum Spondias spp. Honey bees, Stingless bees (Melipona spp.) fruit 1-little
Tamarind Tamarindus indica Honey bees (incl. Apis dorsata) fruit 1-little
Cocoa Theobroma cacao Midges 4-essential
Clover (not all species) Trifolium spp. Honey bees, Bumblebees, Solitary bees seed
White clover Trifolium alba Honey bees, Bumblebees, Solitary bees seed
Alsike clover Trifolium hybridum L. Honey bees, Bumblebees, Solitary bees seed
Crimson clover Trifolium incarnatum Honey bees, Bumblebees, Solitary bees seed
Red clover Trifolium pratense Honey bees, Bumblebees, Solitary bees seed
Arrowleaf clover Trifolium vesiculosum Savi Honey bees, Bumblebees, Solitary bees seed
Blueberry Vaccinium spp. Honey bees, Alfalfa leafcutter bees, Southeastern blueberry bee, Bumblebees (Bombus impatiens), Solitary bees (Anthophora pilipes, Colletes spp., Osmia ribifloris, Osmia lignaria) fruit 3-great
Cranberry Vaccinium oxycoccus, Vaccinium macrocarpon Honey bees, Bumblebees (Bombus affinis), Solitary bees (Megachile addenda, Alfalfa leafcutter bees) fruit
Vanilla Vanilla planifolia, Vanilla pompona Solitary bees fruit 4-essential tropical
Tung tree Vernicia fordii Honey bees seed
Broad bean Vicia faba Honey bees, Bumblebees, Solitary bees seed 2-modest
Vetch Vicia spp. Honey bees, Bumblebees, Solitary bees seed
Cowpea, Black-eyed pea, Blackeye bean Vigna unguiculata Honey bees, Bumblebees, Solitary bees seed 1-little
Karite Vitellaria paradoxa Honey bees nut 2-modest tropical
Grape Vitis spp. Honey bees, Solitary bees, flies fruit 0-no increase
Jujube Zizyphus jujuba Honey bees, Solitary bees, flies, beetles, wasps fruit 2-modest

[edit] Notes and Sources

  1. ^ Kislev, Mordechai E.; Hartmann, Anat; Bar-Yosef, Ofer Early Domesticated Fig in the Jordan Valley Science (journal) 2 June 2006: Vol. 312. no. 5778, pp. 1372 - 1374
  2. ^ The Calimyrna Fig & Its Pollinator Wasp Wayne's word on-line text book of Natural history

[edit] See also