List of people who converted to Christianity

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The following is a list of notable people who converted to Christianity from a different religion or no religion. This article addresses only past voluntary professions of faith by the individuals listed, and is not intended to address ethnic, cultural, or other considerations. Certain people listed here may be lapsed or former converts, or their current religious identity may be ambiguous, uncertain or disputed. Such cases are noted in their list entries.

Contents

[edit] List of notable converts to Christianity

[edit] From agnosticism or atheism

[edit] From Buddhism

[edit] From Cao Dai

[edit] From Confucianism

Note: It is debated whether Confucianism is a religion and some Confucians who became Christians considered themselves to remain Confucian in philosophy.

[edit] From Hinduism

[edit] From Islam

Albanian monarch, Skanderbeg converted from Christianity to Islam but reverted to Christianity later in life
Albanian monarch, Skanderbeg converted from Christianity to Islam but reverted to Christianity later in life[53]
Italian journalist Magdi Allam converted to Roman Catholicism during the Vatican's 2008 Easter vigil service presided over by Pope Benedict XVI
Italian journalist Magdi Allam converted to Roman Catholicism during the Vatican's 2008 Easter vigil service presided over by Pope Benedict XVI[54]
On St George's Day, 2005 Bosnian film director Emir Kusturica left Islam and was baptised into the Serb Orthodox Church
On St George's Day, 2005 Bosnian film director Emir Kusturica left Islam and was baptised into the Serb Orthodox Church[88]
Argentine president, Carlos Menem converted to Roman Catholicism due to his political aspirations
Argentine president, Carlos Menem converted to Roman Catholicism due to his political aspirations [83]
Al Qaeda terrorist Ramzi Yousef is said to have left Islam and embraced Christianity while in prison
Al Qaeda terrorist Ramzi Yousef is said to have left Islam and embraced Christianity while in prison [111][112]

[edit] From Judaism

Georg Jellinek, convert from Judaism to Christianity.
Georg Jellinek, convert from Judaism to Christianity.
Paul of Tarsus, convert from Judaism to Christianity.
Paul of Tarsus, convert from Judaism to Christianity.

The Jewish Encyclopedia gives some statistics on conversion of Jews to Protestantism, Roman Catholicism, and Orthodox Christianity (which it calls "Greek Catholicism").[144] Some 2,000 European Jews converted to Christianity every year during the 19th century, but in the 1890s the number was running closer to 3,000 per year, — 1,000 in Austria Hungary (Galizian Poland), 1,000 in Russia (Poland, Belarus, Ukraine, and Lithuania), 500 in Germany (Posen), and the remainder in the English world.

[edit] From Manichaeanism

[edit] From Paganism

Statue of baptism of Clovis I, convert from Paganism to Christianity.
Statue of baptism of Clovis I, convert from Paganism to Christianity.
Constantine I, convert from Paganism to Christianity.
Constantine I, convert from Paganism to Christianity.
Jomo Kenyatta, convert from Paganism to Christianity.
Jomo Kenyatta, convert from Paganism to Christianity.
Rollo of Normandy, convert from Paganism to Christianity.
Rollo of Normandy, convert from Paganism to Christianity.

Paganism is a term which, from a Western perspective, has come to connote a broad set of spiritual or cultic practices or beliefs of any folk religion, and of historical and contemporary polytheistic religions in particular.

While the term has historically been used to denote adherents of any non-Abrahamic faith, for the purposes of this list, only adherents of non-major polytheistic, shamanistic, pantheistic, or animistic religions will be listed in this section.

[edit] From Sikhism

[edit] From Zoroastrianism

[edit] Prior religion undetermined


[edit] See also

[edit] Notes and references

  1. ^ Seattle Times "In 1975, he threw off his atheism and became a Christian."
  2. ^ Wall Street Journal
  3. ^ Sin: An Honest Mistake?, by Kirk Cameron, Boundless Webzine. From the introduction: "But much more noteworthy than his acting career was his conversion to Christianity. Kirk was not raised in a church-going home and described himself as a devout atheist from a very young age." (Accessed 13 June 2007)
  4. ^ "I was brought up as an agnostic... and when I first became a Christian in the Seventies I didn't really know what it was I'd adopted." Faith in Practice: Holding on to the Mystery of Love, by Bruce Cockburn as told to Cole Morton, Third Way, September 1994, page 15. (Accessed 13 June 2007)
  5. ^ "He converted from atheism to Christianity in his twenties after seeing how radically his patients' faith transformed their experience of suffering, and after reading several works by C.S. Lewis." The Question of God: Interview with Francis Collins, WGBH Educational Foundation, 2004 (Accessed 14 June 2007)
  6. ^ "[Stapleton and Flynt] formed a fast friendship, which resulted in Flynt’s surprising and publicized conversion to Christianity." Biography.com: Larry Flynt
  7. ^ [1]; [2]
  8. ^ Telegraph "She reacted strongly against her parents' beliefs and became a Catholic at 19, because she 'no longer found it possible to disbelieve in God.'" (pg 2)
  9. ^ Time Magazine from July 19, 1963 "Lepp has the credentials to explain the mind of the atheist: he was one himself for 27 years."
  10. ^ Catholic Net
  11. ^ "The Killer and the Pastor" article from Time.com
  12. ^ "Lewis lapsed into atheism in his teens but experienced a reconversion to Christianity in 1931." Lewis, C.S.. ( 2007). In Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved June 28, 2007, from Encyclopædia Britannica Online
  13. ^ John J. Drummond, Lester E. Embree. Phenomenological Approaches to Moral Philosophy: A Handbook; Sweetman, Brendan. Marcel and phenomenology: Can literature help philosophy?
  14. ^ http://www.theinterim.com/march98/18colleton.html
  15. ^ biography on official website
  16. ^ Interview for Christianity Today: I was so outspoken about not believing in God. I had real problems with Christians.]
  17. ^ statement of William J. Murray
  18. ^ Nathanson, Bernand Aborting America (1981 Pinnacle Books)
  19. ^ Marxism and Me by Marvin Olasky: My communism was based on atheism, and when I could no longer be an atheist, I resigned from the party.
  20. ^ Creators Syndicate Profile
  21. ^ The Guardian's obituary of Powell
  22. ^ University of Bielefeld
  23. ^ Chronicle of Higher Education article obituary(Copied by Gametheory.net) has the following "Because George was a fire-spitting atheist and Julia a devout Christian, their relationship was contentious from the beginning. After eight years, the marriage ended in acrimony." "On June 7th [1970] I gave in and admitted that God existed," he explained to friends.
  24. ^ Antiqbook
  25. ^ Interview with a Pentitent from Christianity Today
  26. ^ Article from the University of Wollongong
  27. ^ University of Chicago "made a spiritual journey from atheism to agnosticism before eventually converting to Catholicism"
  28. ^ Decibel Magazine
  29. ^ Strobel's official website calls him an "Atheist-turned-Christian." [3]
  30. ^ "He was conspicuously bohemian and agnostic..." "Waugh's Catholicism is an organic part of this oneness. In 1930 he was converted..." [4]
  31. ^ The Guardian Quote: Even though she was raised an atheist, in the past three or four years she has been going to church. In her eighth decade, she has even submitted to being baptised.
  32. ^ "At that time, I was an atheist." "...I was converted as I repented of my sins and asked God to accept me in Christ." My Spiritual Pilgrimage from Theistic Evolution to Creationism by Monty White
  33. ^ Advocates for self-government (A Libertarian site) says of him "A lifelong 'vehement, argumentative, proselytizing atheist,' Wright suffered a heart attack in 2003 and soon afterwards had a 'supernatural' religious experience that made him, he wrote, 'aware of a spiritual dimension of reality of which I had hitherto been unaware... I was altered down to the root of my being.' Wright is now a Christian.
  34. ^ Profile of Rev. David Yonggi Cho
  35. ^ Christianity Today newsletter
  36. ^ From Pearl Harbor to Calvary by Mitsuo Fuchida.
  37. ^ "God's on My Side" at nationmultimedia.com
  38. ^ LDS.org
  39. ^ Time Magazine
  40. ^ The Chinese Revolution and Chinese Communism
  41. ^ Canadian Christianity.com
  42. ^ Kim Foundation
  43. ^ Kim, Young-Sik, Ph.D. (2003). "The US-Korea relations: 1910–1945: A brief history of the US-Korea relations prior to 1945". . Association for Asian Research Retrieved on 2006-11-25.
  44. ^ Interview "I had a religious conversion and became a Christian. Before I followed Confucianism"
  45. ^ Portraits of Modern Japanese Historical Figures
  46. ^ One of China's Scholars: The Culture & Conversion of a Confucianist
  47. ^ Spiritual Counterfeits Project page on Tal Brooke
  48. ^ Little India
  49. ^ Rediff
  50. ^ "Indian-born nun to succeed Mother Teresa" at cnn.com
  51. ^ "Women Excel"
  52. ^ On Point : The Party of Death - The Party of Death
  53. ^ a b Rendina, Claudio (2000). La grande enciclopedia di Roma. Rome: Newton Compton, 1136. ISBN 88-8289-316-2.
  54. ^ a b Pope baptizes one of Italy's most prominent Muslims at Easter vigil service
  55. ^ He saved me - The story of Hussain Andaryas from Afghanistan
  56. ^ Hutchison, Robert A. (1999). Their Kingdom Come: Inside the Secret World of Opus Dei. St. Martin's Press, 7. ISBN 0312193440.  - "Sister Josephine Bakhita had been converted by force to Islam and then, freedom restored, had chosen Christianity".
  57. ^ Birdsall, Neville. Collected Papers in Greek And Georgian Textual Criticism, pg. 174.[5]; January 8th Saints.
  58. ^ (Tatar) "Үтәмешгәрәй". Tatar Encyclopedia. (2002). Kazan: Tatarstan Republic Academy of Sciences Institution of the Tatar Encyclopaedia. 
  59. ^ (Tatar) "Үтәмешгәрәй". Tatar Encyclopedia. (2002). Kazan: Tatarstan Republic Academy of Sciences Institution of the Tatar Encyclopaedia. 
  60. ^ (Tatar) "Үтәмешгәрәй". Tatar Encyclopedia. (2002). Kazan: Tatarstan Republic Academy of Sciences Institution of the Tatar Encyclopaedia. 
  61. ^ Michael Khodarkovsky, Russia's Steppe Frontier, Indiana University Press, 2002, ISBN 0253217709, M1 Google Print, p. 265.
  62. ^ Nissim Dana, The Druze in the Middle East: Their Faith, Leadership, Identity and Status, Sussex Academic press, 2003, ISBN 1903900360, Google Print, p. 6.
  63. ^ Gershom Scholem, 'Shabtai Zvi (1626–1676)', 'Frank, Jacob, and the Frankists', from Encyclopedia Judaica
  64. ^ Biography of Walid Shoebat
  65. ^ "The Rt Rev Hassan Dehqani-Tafti, Bishop of Iran who survived an assassination attempt and had to continue his ministry in exile", The Telegraph, 2008-05-05. Retrieved on 2008-05-11. 
  66. ^ Friedman, Lisa. "Ex-Muslim calls on her people to reject hatred", Los Angeles Daily News, 5 June 2005. (reproduced)
  67. ^ The Written Defense of the Rev. Mehdi Dibaj Delivered to the Sari Court of Justice - Sari, Iran December 3, 1993
  68. ^ Latter-day Saint (Mormon) character in "Panther" (1997) (Eldridge Cleaver, Latter-day Saint)
  69. ^ John Clark Hammerback and Richard J. Jensen. "From Muslim to Mormon: Eldridge Cleaver's Rhetorical Crusade," Communication Quarterly, 34 (Winter 1986), 24-40.
  70. ^ Diplomats Concerned About Killing of Iranian Pastor
  71. ^ I Love Jeddah in the Springtime Time magazine
  72. ^ Islam, the West and the need for honesty
  73. ^ Against the Tides in the Middle East, International Academic Centre for Muslim Evangelism in South Africa, 1997 (published under the name "Mustafa").
  74. ^ Kabeer Gbaja-Biamila
  75. ^ Akbar Gbaja-Biamila Keeps the Faith - ("In college, Akbar converted to Christianity, while his father remains a Muslim.")
  76. ^ (Russian) Alexander Kazembek: Light from the East by Alexei Pylev. 13 April 2003. Retrieved 9 October 2006
  77. ^ Kabeer Gbaja-Biamila
  78. ^ Qadry Ismail's bio on TheGoal.com
  79. ^ Article on Raghib Ismail: Rocket shows strong path
  80. ^ Djibril Cisse - Biography "Cisse, originally a Muslim converted to Christianity."
  81. ^ Faith in Sports
  82. ^ Time Magazine
  83. ^ a b http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9002423/Carlos-Menem Encyclopedia Britannica- Carlos Menem]
  84. ^ Flight from Iran
  85. ^ You quizzed George Weah - BBC.com
  86. ^ Egypt The Muhammed Ali dynasty
  87. ^ Egypt
  88. ^ a b Article about Kusturica's religion on pionirovglasnik.com
  89. ^ Beyaz: Tuğçe Kazaz şehadet getirsin
  90. ^ The Indian Mutiny and the British Imagination by Gautam Chakravarty · Cambridge, 242 pp ISBN 0521832748
  91. ^ http://english.aljazeera.net/news/archive/archive?ArchiveId=21687
  92. ^ Okanla, Karim. "Benin's 'magical' leader", BBC news, Wednesday, 20 August, 2003. 
  93. ^ Emily Ruete, (1888): Memoirs of an Arabian Princess from Zanzibar
  94. ^ Emily Ruete, Ulrich Haarmann (Editor), E. Van Donzel (Editor), Leiden, Netherlands, (1992): An Arabian Princess Between Two Worlds: Memoirs, Letters Home, Sequels to the Memoirs, Syrian Customs and Usages. Presents the reader with a picture of life in Zanzibar between 1850 - 1865, and with an intelligent observer's reactions to life in Germany in the Bismarck period. Emily Ruete's writings describe her attempts to recover her Zanzibar inheritance and her homesickness. ISBN 90-04-09615-9
  95. ^ Publisher's review for Memoirs of an Arabian Princess from Zanzibar - ("Despite strictures confining Islamic women, she trysted with a German who is thought to have impregnated her, fled to Germany where she converted to Christianity")
  96. ^ Orthodox Holiness: Two Turkish Saints
  97. ^ News of Kusturica's baptism on passagen.se
  98. ^ Amazon.com: Inside Islam: A Guide for Catholics: Books: Daniel Ali,Robert Spencer
  99. ^ [http://www.washingtontimes.com/culture/20031201-091332-2655r.htm
  100. ^ Massie, Robert K. (1981). Peter the Great. Soviet Union: Ballantine Books, 469. ISBN 0345298063. 
  101. ^ Damien Simonis, Sarah Andrews, Spain, Lonely Planet, 2005, ISBN 1740597001, Google Print, pp. 743.
  102. ^ Christian Martyrs in Muslim Spain
  103. ^ Biography of Johannes Aveteranian
  104. ^ Hamid Pourmand: Imprisonment due to religious belief
  105. ^ Donald Fareed's testimony on the Persian ministries website
  106. ^ Prison Radicalization: Are Terrorist Cells Forming in U.S. Cell Blocks? Government testimony (PDF)
  107. ^ Daveed Gartenstein-Ross biography on his website
  108. ^ Former terrorist trades weapons for olive branch
  109. ^ CBC Radio | The Current | Whole Show Blow-by-Blow
  110. ^ Malika Oufkir: the American Making of a Moroccan Star
  111. ^ a b Catholic Online (December 10, 2007). Did Ramzi Yousef Really Convert to Christianity? (HTML). Catholic Online. Retrieved on 2008-03-19.
  112. ^ a b 60 minutes (December 10, 2007). Supermax: A Clean Version Of Hell (HTML). 60 minutes. Retrieved on 2008-03-19.
  113. ^ Ruffa Gutierrez reaffirms her Christian faith
  114. ^ Majumdar, Margaret (2002). Francophone Studies: The Essential Glossary. United States of America: Oxford University Press, 4. ISBN 0340806966. 
  115. ^ Heirs of the Prophets: An account of the clergy and Priests of Islam, Samuel Marinus Zwemer, Moody press, 1946, p. 127 - "There are some examples which could easily be multiplied. Dr. Imad-ud-Din was a leading sufi and theologian in the Punjaub. He was appointed to preach against Dr. Pfander in the royal mosque at Agra; he read the Scriptures, believed and was baptised, and with another great theologian and sufi, Safdar Ali, became a missionary to his people. Afterwards he received a doctorate from Oxford University. His baptism took place New Year's Day, 1868, together with his aged father and brother. Other distinguished converts in the Punjab, such as Imam Shah, were also from the clergy."
  116. ^ Cryer, Neville Barker (1979). Bibles Across the World. United States of America: Mowbrays, 94. ISBN 0264664175. 
  117. ^ TURKEY: CONVERTS SUBJECTED TO OFFICIAL HARASSMENT
  118. ^ Threats force Egyptian convert to hide, MAGGIE MICHAEL, Associated Press Writer Sat Aug 11, [6]
  119. ^ Beale, Lewis. "Precious Freedom. USA Weekend Magazine. November 9, 2003.
  120. ^ In Tibet and Chinese Turkestan: Being the Record of Three Years' Exploration, Henry Hugh Peter Deasy, pg. 284
  121. ^ Gulshan Esther, Alistair Mark Dean, Thelma Sangster, The Torn Veil: The Best-selling Story of Gulshan Esther, Zondervan (1992), pg.46, ISBN 055101153X
  122. ^ Marriages of the Holy Prophet
  123. ^ The Human Side In The Hajjah Of The Messenger of Allah
  124. ^ Constantine the African
  125. ^ Constantine the African, or Constantinus Africanus (medieval medical scholar)
  126. ^ Estevanico (aka Estevan, Esteban, Estebanico, Black Stephen, Stephen the Moor)
  127. ^ Michael Walsh, A New Dictionary of Saints: East and West, Liturgical Press, 2007, ISBN 081463186X, Google Print, p. 3.
  128. ^ Holweck, F. G. (1924). A Biographical Dictionary of the Saints. St. Louis: B. Herder Book Co., 84. 
  129. ^ Is the 'prosperity gospel' prospering?
  130. ^ Petre, Jonathan (2005-10-08). 'Wealth' church leader practised what he preached. Telegraph. Retrieved on 2007-08-04. “the charismatic Mr Ashimolowo, a Nigerian-born convert from Islam”
  131. ^ Istoria şi tradiţiile minorităţii rromani, p.28, 2005, Sigma, Bucharest, Delia Grigore, Petre Petcuţ and Mariana Sandu - "Born to a Rom Muslim slave father and a free Romanian Christian mother, Razvan converted to Christianity, thereby, attracting the wrath of the Ottomans."
  132. ^ Vickers (2005), page 86
  133. ^ Benin's new president announced
  134. ^ A History of Orthodox Missions Among the Muslims. Yurij Maximov, Russian author and religious studies teacher in the Religious Studies at the Moscow Orthodox Seminary. Retrieved on 2007-08-17.
  135. ^ Joseph Patrich, The Sabaite Heritage in the Orthodox Church, Peeters Publishers, 2001, ISBN 9042909765, Google Print, p. 157.
  136. ^ L. P. Harvey, Muslims in Spain, 1500 to 1614: 1500 to 1614, University of Chicago Press, 2005, ISBN 0226319636, M1 Google Print, pp. 223Various Christian sources including the Christian historian, Marmol claim that with his dying breath Aben Humeya declared himself a Christian and said that what he had done was in the prosecution of a family feud.
  137. ^ The Kurdish Minority Problem, p.11, Dec. 1948, ORE 71-48, CIA "The first of the major Barzani revolts took place in 1931 after Sheikh Ahmed Barzani, one of the most prominent Kurdish leaders in Iraqi Kurdistan, announced his conversion to Christianity and succeeded in defeating a number of other Kurdish tribes as well as regular Iraqi troops." [7].
  138. ^ Schwaner, Birgit (2007-06-01). Der Abenteurer aus Ober St. Veit (German). Weiner Zeitung. Retrieved on 2008-01-19. “"He was absolved by the Pope for his conversion, which he reversed"”
  139. ^ Hussein Fardust, The Rise and Fall of the Pahlavi Dynasty:, Motilal Banarsidass, 1999, ISBN 8120816420, Google Print, pp. 122–123.
  140. ^ Saye Zerbo, président of the republic from 1980 to 1982 (article in French) "At once stopped, Saye Zerbo is thrown in prison. Since his imprisonment, the deposed president contemplates and reads the Qu'ran through whole nights. He also asks so that the Bible be brought to him that the archbishop of Ouagadougou, the cardinal Paul Zoungrana, had offered to him at the time of first Christmas following his takeover. At this point in time it will have the revelation which will change its life. In a mystical dash, Saye Zerbo is brought to his knees, returns thanks to God and converts to Christianity. His entire family will do the same thing thereafter."
  141. ^ Shooting suspect was baptized. Seattle Post-Intelligencer. Retrieved on 2006-08-01.
  142. ^ Features : Chamillionaire: Here Comes the Reign
  143. ^ MuchMusic.com | Artists | Chamillionaire
  144. ^ JewishEncyclopedia.com - STATISTICS:
  145. ^ Attwater, Donald and Catherine Rachel John. "The Penguin Dictionary of Saints", 3rd edition. New York:Penguin Group, 1995. ISBN 0-140-51312-4.
  146. ^ a b c Holweck, F. G. "A Biographical Dictionary of the Saints". St. Louis, MO: B. Herder Book Co., 1924.
  147. ^ Alexander's Apostasy: First Steps to Jerusalem. by Brian Taylor, from the Jewish Genealogical Society of Great Britain
  148. ^ "Alphonsi, Petrus." Jewish Encyclopedia. Funk and Wagnalls, 1901-1906
  149. ^ "Baena, Juan Alfonso De." Jewish Encyclopedia. Funk and Wagnalls, 1901-1906
  150. ^ Nordisk familjebok, vol 1. A - Barograf
  151. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao [8] Jewish Encyclopedia. Funk and Wagnalls, 1901-1906
  152. ^ Gregorovius, Ferdinand. Rome in the Middle Ages Vol. IV Part 1. 1905.
  153. ^ Hamy, Bulletin de Géographie, 1891, pp. 218-222.
  154. ^ Robert Blake, Disraeli, 3. Norman Gash, reviewing Blake's work, argued that Benjamin's claim to Spanish ancestry could not be entirely dismissed. Norman Gash, review of Disraeli, by Robert Blake. The English Historical Review, Vol. 83, No. 327. (Apr., 1968), 360-364.
  155. ^ Simon, John Pursued by Nazis and Other Demons, New York Times, July 12, 1992
  156. ^ Bob Dylan: Behind the Shades: Revisited, Clinton Heylin, pgs. 491-520; Down the Highway: The Life of Bob Dylan, Howard Sounes, pgs. 324-326, 356; The Rough Guide to Bob Dylan (2nd edition), Nigel Williamson, pgs. 112-113; Jewsweek: Bob Dylan's Unshakeable Monotheism -- Part III: The 1980s; Encyclopedia Britannica: Bob Dylan; Bob Dylan Finds His Source, from Christianity Today, Noel Paul Stookey, January 4, 1980; [9]; [10]; [11]; [12]; [13]; [14]; [15]; [16]
  157. ^ Bob Dylan: Tangled Up In Jews
  158. ^ Brian Dutton, Joaquín González Cuenca (editors), Cancionero de Juan Alfonso de Baena (Madrid: Visor Libros, 1993), 534-544.
  159. ^ Arthur Mandel: The Militant Messiah: The Story of Jacob Frank and the Frankists: Atlantic Highlands: Humanities Press: 1979: ISBN 0-391-00973-7.
  160. ^ [17] Friedberg, Heinrich, von) Jewish Encyclopedia
  161. ^ Online bio - http://www.ariel.org/bioagf.htm
  162. ^ Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition, Gans, Eduard.
  163. ^ Carvajal, Mario. Vida y pasión de Jorge Isaacs. Manizales, 1937.
  164. ^ Duncan Kelly, "Revisiting the Rights of Man: Georg Jellinek on Rights and the State". Law and History Review vol. 22, no. 3 (Fall 2004).
  165. ^ Great Creation Scientists
  166. ^ A Brief Biography of Paul S.L. Johnson from the Present Truth Library, which catalogues the works of Paul S.L. Johnson.
  167. ^ http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?artid=87&letter=K Kanitz, Felix Philipp] Jewish Encyclopedia, Funk and Wagnalls, 1901-1906.
  168. ^ Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition, Lehrs, Karl.
  169. ^ Adler, Jacob, A Life on the Stage: A Memoir, translated and with commentary by Lulla Rosenfeld, Knopf, New York, 1999, ISBN 0-679-41351-0. p. 200.
  170. ^ Duquin, Lorene Hanley, A Century of Catholic Converts, Our Sunday Visitor: Huntington, Indiana, 2003, pp. 114-116.
  171. ^ Wikipedia Entry
  172. ^ Famous Jewish Anglicans
  173. ^ BPSports.net - U.S. team at Ryder Cup led by believers in Jesus
  174. ^ The Observer
  175. ^ The tragedy of Gillian Rose - Jewish social critic | Judaism | Find Articles at BNET.com
  176. ^ Online Bio at http://www.jewsforjesus.org/about/headquarters/moishe
  177. ^ Moffett, Samuel Hugh, History of Christianity in Asia, Vol. 2: 1500-1900, Orbis Books: Maryknoll, New York, 2005, pg. 476.
  178. ^ Beliefnet.com
  179. ^ Garcia, Laura. “Edith Stein — Convert, Nun, Martyr.” Crisis 15, no. 6 (June 1997): 32-35
  180. ^ Long walk to freedom. The Guardian.
  181. ^ [18]
  182. ^ David Levy Yulee
  183. ^ Trinity Broadcasting Network Interview
  184. ^ Time on his involvement with PTL
  185. ^ "Good News for Israel" videos
  186. ^ Catholic Culture : Missing Page Redirect
  187. ^ [19]; [20]
  188. ^ The Northern Saints
  189. ^ Patron Saints Index: Saint Alban
  190. ^ Saint Patrick's Church: Saints of April 18
  191. ^ Bonaberi.com: A la découverte de Charles Atangana
  192. ^ God's Invisible Hand: The Life and Work of Francis Cardinal Arinze, an Interview with Gerard O'Connell, pp. 12–21 (Ignatius Press, 2006) ISBN 978-1-58617-135-3
  193. ^ CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Athenagoras
  194. ^ St. Bavo - Catholic Online
  195. ^ Borivoj I (Borivorius I) Duke of Bohemia\ Saint Ludmila
  196. ^ Untitled Document
  197. ^ Ecumenical Patriarchate
  198. ^ Bede, Ecclesiastical History of the English People, Book III, chapter 7.
  199. ^ [21]
  200. ^ Forum Romanum: the Temple of Vesta and the Vestal Virgins
  201. ^ CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Commodianus
  202. ^ CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Constantine the Great
  203. ^ EBK: King Constantine Sant of Dumnonia
  204. ^ Britannia EBK Biographies: St. Constantine, King of Strathclyde
  205. ^ Crowther, Samuel Ajayi, Nigeria, Anglican
  206. ^ Berkshire History: Biographies: St. Abban of Abingdon
  207. ^ Patron Saints Index: Saint Cyriacus
  208. ^ CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Dionysius the Pseudo-Areopagite
  209. ^ Raedwald - Britannica Online Encyclopedia
  210. ^ D.H. Farmer, The Oxford Dictionary of Saints (Oxford 1978). ISBN 0-19-282038-9.
  211. ^ BBC - History - Leif Erikson (11th century)
  212. ^ Patron Saints Index: Saint Eustachius
  213. ^ [22], [23]
  214. ^ CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Caius Marius Victorinus
  215. ^ [24], [25]
  216. ^ Biographies
  217. ^ CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Saint Honoratus
  218. ^ Studiolum
  219. ^ Jogaila (1350-1434)
  220. ^ Patron Saints Index: Saint Julius the Veteran
  221. ^ The Woman Who Changed A Kingdom - Hawaiian Queen Ka'ahumanu
  222. ^ [http://www.carleton.ca/gallery/Creature/Bios.html}
  223. ^ CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: St. Ethelbert (King of Kent)
  224. ^ Jomo Kenyatta
  225. ^ Patron Saints Index: Saint Vladimir I of Kiev
  226. ^ Green, John Richard. "A short history of the English people".
  227. ^ CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Lucius Caecilius Firmianus Lactantius
  228. ^ Catholic Encyclopedia: St. Ludmilla
  229. ^ Bernard Mizeki, Catechist and Martyr in Africa
  230. ^ CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: St. Justin Martyr
  231. ^ Allen, Grant. "Anglo-Saxon Britain"., [26]
  232. ^ Dictionary Of New Zealand Biography
  233. ^ [27], [28]
  234. ^ Patron Saints Index: Saint Leonard of Noblac
  235. ^ Rollo of Normandy
  236. ^ Samson Occom, Christian Convert
  237. ^ EBK: St. Edwin, King of Northumbria
  238. ^ Olav Haraldsson
  239. ^ Patron Saints Index: Saint Pancras
  240. ^ Body Theology - St. Panteleimon
  241. ^ Pocahontas
  242. ^ [29], [30]
  243. ^ [31]
  244. ^ February 21: Ranavalona II; Christian History Institute
  245. ^ Viking in the Netherlands
  246. ^ [32]
  247. ^ Patron Saints Index: Saint Sabinian of Troyes
  248. ^ Rock Paper Scissors - Ladysmith Black Mambazo, Raise Your Spirit Higher (Heads Up) - Concert Preview
  249. ^ Apologia ad Autolycum i. 14, ii. 24.
  250. ^ Reading Islam.com: What Really Happened Up There?
  251. ^ Brother Bakht Singh Website
  252. ^ Anglo Sikh Heritage Trail: Maharajah Duleep Singh.
  253. ^ A hindu sikh sadhu (Sundar Singh) met by Jesus Christ
  254. ^ The best interview ever with the lead men of UnderOath Norma Jean As I Lay Dying - Buzznet
  255. ^ Wonderful Words of Life: Hymns in American Protestant History and Theology By Richard J. Mouw, Mark A. Noll (Accessed 14 June 2007)
  256. ^ "In the winter of 1959 [René Girard] experienced a conversion to Christian faith which had been preceded by a kind of intellectual conversion while he was working on his first book." René Girard:A Biographical Sketch, by James G. Williams
Languages