List of people affected by bipolar disorder

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This is a list of people accompanied by verifiable source citations associating them with bipolar disorder. This list includes only: a) deceased persons; and b) living persons who have been frank about their condition. It does not include speculation about status of living people who have not publicly stated themselves to have bipolar disorder. In addition to the above criteria, persons are only listed here if they also meet the Wikipedia notability criteria for biographical articles.

Many of the older cases are speculations, based on their biographies rather than an actual medical diagnosis, and in many cases are not widely accepted by historians, biographers, or physicians.

Many famous people are believed to have been affected by bipolar disorder (formerly known as manic depression), based on evidence in their own writings and contemporaneous accounts by those who knew them. It is often suggested that genius (or, at least, creative talent) and mental disorder are linked, as discussed by Kay Redfield Jamison in Touched with Fire, though many of the diagnoses in that book are made by Jamison herself.

Note that this list should not contain entries for performers who have an apparently manic or depressive public persona, but do not meet the criteria above, nor should the content of song lyrics or other creative works be regarded as autobiographical without independent external evidence that confirms this.

[edit] List

Contents: Top - 0–9 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

[edit] A

• Rigoberto Alpizar, shooting victim.^[1]
• Sophie Anderton, model^[2]
• Adam Ant, musician^[3]

[edit] B

• Charles Baudelaire, author.^[4]
• Thomas Lovell Beddoes, poet and dramatist.^[4]
• Ludwig van Beethoven, composer.^[5][6]Scientific analysis of Beethoven's hair has given rise to speculation that lead poisoning may have been a cause of his depression.
• Andy Behrman, author of the book Electroboy: A Memoir of Mania^[7][8]
• Max Bemis, frontman of the band Say Anything, spoke about his diagnosis in an interview with Spin magazine in 2006.^[9]
• Maurice Benard, actor. He has discussed his diagnosis with Oprah Winfrey, and has since become active in promoting bipolar awareness.^[10]
• Carson Black, writer, journalist.
• Ludwig Boltzmann, physicist and mathematician. He "suffered from an alternation of depressed moods with elevated, expansive or irritable moods". John J. O'Connor and Edmund F. Robertson.^[11]
• Adrian Borland, British musician^[12]
• Russell Brand, comedian and actor. "In a low-key admission at the end the book, he says he was finally diagnosed with bipolar disorder – manic depression – after he kicked the drugs for good in 2002 which goes some way to explaining his almost superhuman indifference to the chaos and catastrophe that almost lead him to obscurity in a ­toilet somewhere smoking crack for good."^[13]
• Jeremy Brett, actor^[14]
• Frank Bruno, boxer; was hospitalized for a short period and is currently on lithium.^[15][16][17]
• Lord Byron, poet.^[4]

[edit] C

• Georg Cantor, mathematician. Cantor's recurring bouts of depression from 1884 to the end of his life were once blamed on the hostile attitude of many of his contemporaries,^[18] but these bouts can now be seen as probable manifestations of a bipolar disorder.^[19]
• Dick Cavett, television journalist. "CAVETT: Both in hypomanic, which I have had, and incidentally, one has to admit many patients say I am cured now, I am fine. But I must say I miss those hypomanic states. They are better off where they are."^[20]
• Iris Chang, historian and journalist for the San Francisco Chronicle^[21]
• Winston Churchill, politician and British Prime Minister.^[6] Churchill often referred to depression as his "black dog". He is also recorded to have undergone manic phases of intense productivity. None of Churchill's numerous biographers, however, have claimed that he was actually bipolar. In 2006 a controversial statue of Churchill wearing a straitjacket was unveiled in Norwich in an attempt to highlight the stigma of mental health problems. Three days later it was taken down due to public outcry.^[22] The series Altered Statesmen suggests that Churchill had Cyclothymia.^[23]
• Kurt Cobain, musician. His cousin, Beverly Cobain, a "registered nurse (…) [with] experience as a mental health professional" and author of a book, When Nothing Matters Anymore: A Survival Guide for Depressed Teens ISBN 1-57542-036-8, stated in an interview: "Kurt was diagnosed at a young age with Attention Deficit Disorder [ADD], then later with bipolar disorder; (…) As Kurt undoubtedly knew, bipolar illness can be very difficult to manage, and the correct diagnosis is crucial. Unfortunately for Kurt, compliance with the appropriate treatment is also a critical factor."^[24]
• Samuel Taylor Coleridge, poet.^[25] His condition is more commonly directly attributed to drug use. "Around 1796, Coleridge started using opium as a pain reliever"
• Robert S. Corrington, theologist. In his book Riding the Windhorse: Manic-Depressive Disorder and the Quest for Wholeness ISBN 9780761826194 (Hamilton Books, New York, 2003) he gives a personal account of his own struggles with the condition.

[edit] D

• Ray Davies, musician: is openly bipolar; also see his autobiography, X-Ray
• Charles Dickens, author.^[4]
• Richard Dreyfuss, actor, BBC Documentary^[26]
• Patty Duke, actress.^[6][27]

[edit] E

• Ralph Waldo Emerson, author, poet, and philosopher.^[28]

[edit] F

• Carrie Fisher, actress and writer. "'I ended up being diagnosed as a bipolar II,' says Fisher."^[29][30]
• Francis Scott Key Fitzgerald, writer.^[31]
• William Faulkner, writer.^[31]
• Stephen Foster, songwriter.^[31]
• Stephen Fry, actor, comedian and writer. "As a sufferer of the disorder, Stephen Fry is speaking to other sufferers to find out about their experiences and visiting leading experts in the UK and US to examine the current state of understanding and research."^[32][33][34]

[edit] G

• Alan Garner, novelist. According to the Guardian, "In The Voice that Thunders (Harvill), a collection of critical and autobiographical essays, Garner casts light on his writing and thinking, and the role that manic depression plays in his creativity".^[35][36]
• Paul Gascoigne, English footballer. "His second book, released this year, centres on his therapy - for alcoholism, eating disorders, OCD, and bipolar disorder, among others."^[37]
• Matthew Good, Canadian musician. He first disclosed his illness in a personal blog. It was during the writing and recording of Hospital Music that he suffered one of his worst episodes.^[38]
• Philip Graham, publisher and businessman. "It had finally penetrated to me that Phil's diagnosis was manic-depression…" Katherine Graham (1997), Personal History, p.328; Knopf, 1997, ISBN 0-394-58585-2 (book has numerous other references).
• Macy Gray, musician and actor. As documented in her song "Relating to a Psychopath"^[39] and in an interview with Saul Williams^[40]
• Graham Greene, English novelist.^[41] Extract from Graham Greene: A Life in Letters]: "Greene was managing the impulses of bipolar illness, involving mood swings from elation, expansiveness or irritability to despair and would quickly be guilty of repeated infidelities."
• Ivor Gurney, English composer and poet. "New Perspectives on Ivor Gurney's Mental Illness", Pamela Blevins, Ivor Gurney Society Journal, Volume 6, 2000.

[edit] H

• Alexander Hamilton, politician. "Danger, Hypomanic on Board", could well be the other title of "Washington Crossing the Delaware." John Gartner in The Hypomanic Edge makes a strong case that America owes its greatness to a liberal supply of "manic lite" genes.^[42]
• Linda Hamilton, actress. Star of the Terminator movies. Was diagnosed at the age of 40^[43]
• Mariette Hartley, American actress, has publicly spoken about her bipolar disorder.^[44]
• Jonathan Hay, Australian rules footballer^[45]
• Ernest Hemingway, writer.^[31]
• Kristin Hersh, musician, formerly of rock band Throwing Muses, is occasionally mentioned as having bipolar disorder, one example being a Muses biography.^[46] She has also mentioned the disorder in several interviews.
• Hermann Hesse, writer.^[31]
• Abbie Hoffman, political activist: "Abbie was diagnosed in 1980 as having bipolar disorder, more commonly known as manic depression." Jezer, Marty (1993). Abbie Hoffman. Rutgers University Press. ISBN 0-8135-2017-7.  p. xvii
• Marya Hornbacher, writer. Hornbacher wrote Madness, a memoir of her struggle with bipolar disorder, after writing Wasted, which detailed her eating disorder.

[edit] I

• Jack Irons, drummer, formerly of Red Hot Chili Peppers and Pearl Jam.^[47]

[edit] J

• Kay Redfield Jamison, clinical psychologist and Professor of Psychiatry at the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, who profiled her own bipolar disorder in her 1995 memoir An Unquiet Mind and argued for a connection between bipolar disorder and artistic creativity in her 1993 book, Touched with Fire.
• Daniel Johnston, musician: "Johnston's output in his late teens and early 20s proved to be a symptom of his worsening manic depression." The Guardian Unlimited, Saturday August 20, 2005: "Personal demons", review of film, The Devil and Daniel Johnston:^[48]
• Andrew Johns, Professional Rugby League Player. — has gone public about his condition.^[49]

[edit] K

• Chris Kanyon, wrestler — self-described, diagnosed.^[50] "I have gone thru (sic) some rough times, which ultimately led to me being diagnosed with clinical Bipolar Depression (also known as Manic Depression). I have spent the last year learning about and understanding my condition and we have finally got my medications balanced to the point where I feel I am in the best mental state of my life."
• Kerry Katona, English television presenter, writer,magazine columnist and former pop singer with girl band Atomic Kitten. BBC^[51]
• John Keats, poet^[28][6]
• Rep. Patrick J. Kennedy has been open about mental health issues, including being diagnosed with bipolar disorder.^[52]
• Otto Klemperer, conductor^[53]
• Margot Kidder, actress — self-described:^[54] "I have been well and free of the symptoms that are called manic-depression for almost five years, and have been working steadily and leading a happy and productive life since then."
• Patrick Kroupa, writer and hacker, has been very open about his drug use and mental health issues, after his last heroin detox in 1999. He mentions bipolar disorder openly in several interviews.^[55][56][57]

[edit] L

• Vivien Leigh, actress, cited in Holden, Anthony, Laurence Olivier, Sphere Books Limited, 1989, ISBN 0689115369  ; pp 221-222
• Neil Lennon Footballer with Celtic FC open about his battles with depression^[58]
• Jenifer Lewis, American actress, spoke about her diagnosis on Oprah in September 2007.^[59]

[edit] M

• Kristy McNichol, actress. The former child star and teen idol left the show Empty Nest due to her battle with the depression. McNichol later returned to the show for a few episodes during the series' last season.^{[60][61][62][63][64]}
• Kate Millett, author, The Loony-Bin Trip (1990) discusses her diagnosis of bipolar disorder, describing experiences with hospitalization and her decision to discontinue lithium therapy.
• Spike Milligan, comedian and writer. "I had to write a new show every week for six months. If Hitler had done that to someone it would be called torture. I was in such a state of hypertension that I was unapproachable by human beings. I became a manic depressive."^[65][66]
• Ben Moody, musician. The former guitarist from Evanescence.^[67]
• John A. Mulheren, American stock and option trader and philanthropist.^[68]
• Edvard Munch, artist. Rothenberg A. Bipolar illness, creativity, and treatment. Psychiatr Q. 2001 Summer;72(2):131–47.

[edit] N

• Isaac Newton, pioneering scientist and mathematician.^[6]
• Florence Nightingale, nurse and health campaigner. BPW "Florence heard voices and experienced a number of severe depressive episodes in her teens and early 20s - symptoms consistent with the onset of bipolar disorder", Dr. Kathy Wisner, a professor of psychiatry at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center.^[69]

[edit] O

• Sinéad O'Connor, musician. She discussed her diagnosis with Oprah Winfrey in October 2007.^[70]
• Graeme Obree, Scottish racing cyclist. World hour record 1993. Individual pursuit world champion in 1993 and 1995. Cited in 2003 autobiography, "Flying Scotsman: Cycling to Triumph Through My Darkest Hours" and 2006 film.
• Ozzy Osbourne, singer. Lead singer of Black Sabbath and his self-titled band. Cited in VH1's "Heavy: The History of Metal" in 2006.
• Cheri Oteri, actress. Saturday Night Live Cast Member. Cited in Shales T.& Miller A. (2002) Live From New York, A Uncensored History of Saturday Night Live.

[edit] P

• Jane Pauley, TV presenter and journalist. The former Today and Dateline host describes being diagnosed with bipolar disorder in her autobiography "Skywriting: A Life Out of the Blue", which she wrote in 2004, as well as on her short-lived talk show.^{[71][72][73][74][75][76]}
• Jimmy Piersall, baseball player.^[6]
• Jaco Pastorius, jazz musician. "Jaco was diagnosed with this clinical bipolar condition in the fall of 1982. The events which led up to it were considered "uncontrolled and reckless" incidences."^[77]
• Edgar Allan Poe, poet and writer.^[31]
• Emil Post, mathematician. Martin Davis, 1994, "Emil L. Post: His Life and Work" in Davis, M., ed., Solvability, Provability, Definability: The Collected Works of Emil L. Post. Birkhauser
• Charley Pride, country music artist. (autobiography) Pride: The Charley Pride Story. Publisher: Quill (May 1995). "Pride discusses business ventures that succeeded and those that failed, as well as his bouts with manic depression. He tells his story with no bitterness but lots of homespun advice and humor."

[edit] R

• Edward Renehan, author and musician, outed himself as bipolar/manic depressive in January of 2008.^[78]
• Rene Rivkin, entrepreneur.^[79]
• Barret Robbins, former NFL Pro Bowler.^[80]
• Axl Rose, singer^[81] "I went to a clinic, thinking it would help my moods. The only thing I did was take one 500-question test - ya know, filling in the little black dots. All of sudden I'm diagnosed manic-depressive."

[edit] S

• Earl Simmons otherwise known as DMX (rapper).
• Robert Schumann, composer.^[31]
• Nina Simone, American singer. Interview with her daughter Simone, The Sunday Times June, 24 2007^[82]
• Michael Slater, International Australian cricketer, forced to retire because of related symptoms.^[83][84]
• Tony Slattery, actor and comedian.^[85] "I rented a huge warehouse by the river Thames. I just stayed in there on my own, didn't open the mail or answer the phone for months and months and months. I was just in a pool of despair and mania." BBC Documentary^[86]
• Sidney Sheldon, producer, writer; wrote about being a victim of bipolar disorder in his autobiography The Other Side of Me.
• Peter Steele, frontman of metalband Type o Negative ^{[87] [88]}

[edit] T

• Sara Teasdale, poet.^[28]
• Devin Townsend, musician, Strapping Young Lad, The Devin Townsend Band. He took himself off of his medication to write lyrics for Strapping Young Lad's album Alien.^[89]
• Nick Traina, singer.^[90], "in the last year of his life, he began telling people he was manic-depressive."
• Timothy Treadwell, American environmentalist and bear enthusiast, featured in the 2005 documentary film by Werner Herzog titled Grizzly Man.^[91][92]
• Margaret Trudeau, Canadian celebrity and ex-wife of former Canadian Prime Minister Pierre Elliot Trudeau (deceased). She now travels Canada and other countries speaking out against the stigmas on mental illness^[93]
• Mark Twain, author.^[28]

[edit] V

• Jean-Claude Van Damme, actor — Australian Woman's Day magazine — January 30, 2006
• Vincent Van Gogh, artist.^[94]
• Kurt Vonnegut, author^[95]
• Thom Yorke, musician^[96]

[edit] W

• Scott Weiland, musician. (Stone Temple Pilots, Velvet Revolver) "I suffer from manic-depressive disorder, and I've chosen not to take medication for it." Quotation from Weiland during an interview.^[97]
• Pete Wentz, bassist for Fall Out Boy.^[98]
• Mark Whitacre, business executive described in the true story movie, The Informant^[99]
• Brian Wilson, musician. (The Beach Boys)^[100]
• Virginia Woolf, poet and novelist.^{[31][101][102]}

[edit] References

[edit] Resources

• Jamison, Kay Redfield (1993): Touched with Fire: Manic-Depressive Illness and the Artistic Temperament, New York, The Free Press. ISBN 0-02-916030-8
• All entries succeeded by TWF are taken from Touched with Fire (See list)
• All entries succeeded by NAMI are on the National Alliance for the Mentally Ill list of famous persons with Mental Illnesses

[edit] Notes