List of kings of Tyre

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The traditional king-list of Tyre, the ancient Phoenician city in what is now Lebanon, is derived from Josephus, Against Apion i. 18, 21, and his Jewish Antiquities viii. 5.3; 13.2. His list was based on a lost history of Menander of Ephesus, who had drawn his information, Josephus asserts, from the chronicles of Tyre itself.[1]

Contents

[edit] Ancient Tyrian rulers based on Hellenic mythology

  • Agenor c. 1500 BC
  • Phoenix
  • Eri-Aku (Herakles) c. 1400 BC, Eri Aku may be the model for such figures as the Greek Heracles, the Biblical Arioch king of Ellaser, and the Homeric Erichthonius king of Troy and Pontus.
  • Abimilki 1300's
  • Aribas fl. c. 1230
  • Baal-Termeg fl. c. 1220
  • Baal c. 1193
  • Pummay c.1163-1125[2]

[edit] Kings of the Phoenician city state of Tyre, 990 - 532 BC

  • Abibaal 990 - 978 BC
  • Hiram I 978 - 944 BC
  • Baal-Eser I (Balbazer I) 944 - 927 BC
  • Abdastratus 927 - 918 BC
  • Methusastartus 918 - 906 BC
  • Astarymus 906 - 897 BC
  • Phelles 897 - 896 BC
  • Eshbaal I 896 - 863 BC — 887 - 856 BC
  • Baal-Eser II (Balbazer II) 863 - 829 BC — Baalmazzar, 849 - 830 BCE
  • Mattan I 829 - 820 BC
  • Pygmalion 820 - 774 BC
  • Eshbaal II 750 - 739 BC
  • Hiram II 739 - 730 BC
  • Mattan II 730 - 729 BC
  • Elulaios 729 - 694 BC
  • Abd Melqart 694 - 680 BC
  • Baal I 680 - 660 BC
  • Tyre may have been Under control of Assyria and/or Egypt for 70 years
  • Eshbaal III 591 - 573 BC — Carthage became independent of Tyre in 574 BCE

[edit] Under control of Babylon 573 - 539 BC

  • Baal II 573 - 564 BC
  • Yakinbaal 564 BC

In the 560's the monarchy was overthrown and a oligarchic government established, headed by "judges" or shoftim (cf. Carthage).

[edit] Shoftim of Tyre

  • Chelbes 564 - 563 BC
  • Abbar 563 - 562 BC
  • Mattan III and Ger Ashthari 562 - 556 BC
  • Baal-Eser III 556 - 555 BC

The monarchy was restored with the ascension of Hiram III to the throne.

  • Hiram III 551 - 532 BC

[edit] Under Persian control 539 - 411 BC

  • Mattan III
  • Boulomenus
  • Abdemon c.420 - 411 BC [3]

[edit] Under control of Cypriot Salamis 411 - 374 BC

[edit] Under Persian control 374 - 332 BC

[edit] Under Macedonian control 332 - 301 BC

[edit] Under the Kingdom of Antigonus 323-301

[edit] Under Egyptian control 301 - 198 BC

[edit] Under Seleucid control 198 - 68 BC

[edit] Aristocratic Republic c. 140-64 BC

[edit] Under the Roman republic

[edit] Under the Roman Empire 27 BC-395 AD

[edit] Under the Byzantine Empire 395-638 AD

[edit] Under the Caliphate rule 638-868

[edit] Under Egyptian rule 868-1124

[edit] Under the Kingdom of Jerusalem 1124-1244

[edit] MONTFERRAT

[edit] CHAMPAGNE

  • Henry (II of Champagne) 1192-1198

[edit] de LUSIGNAN

  • Amalric (II of Jerusalem) 1198-1205

[edit] de MONTFORT

  • Philip (and Lord of Toron) 1229-1268
  • John (and Lord of Toron) 1268-1283
  • Humphrey 1283-1284
  • Margarete (fem.) 1284-c. 1291
  • Roupen (titular 1291-1313) 1284-1291
  • Amaury (Amalric of Lusignan), titular only, 1290-1310[4]

[edit] References=

  1. ^ Jewish Encyclopedia: "Phenicia".
  2. ^ http://www.starnarcosis.net/obsidian/Lebanon.html
  3. ^ http://www.starnarcosis.net/obsidian/Lebanon.html
  4. ^ http://www.starnarcosis.net/obsidian/Lebanon.html

[edit] Notes

  1. ^ Jewish Encyclopedia: "Phenicia".
  2. ^ http://www.starnarcosis.net/obsidian/Lebanon.html
  3. ^ http://www.starnarcosis.net/obsidian/Lebanon.html
  4. ^ http://www.starnarcosis.net/obsidian/Lebanon.html

[edit] External links